Protocol to measure glucose utilization in mouse tissues using radiolabeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose.

2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) is a glucose analog converted to 2-deoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate (2DG-6P) by hexokinase in glycolysis. While 2DG commonly measures glucose uptake, 2DG-6P detects glucose utilization. Here, we present a protocol to measure glucose utilization in various tissues after entering a mouse's body using radiolabeled 2DG.

Altered CD226/TIGIT expressions were associated with NK phenotypes in primary antiphospholipid syndrome and affected by IL-4/JAK pathway.

Natural killer (NK) cells were reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (pAPS). Immunosuppressive receptor T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) and activating receptor cluster of differentiation 226 (CD226) are specifically expressed on NK cells with competitive functions. This study aims to investigate the expression diversities of CD226/TIGIT on NK subsets and their associations with NK subsets activation phenotypes and potential clinical significance, furthermore, to explore potential cause for CD226/TIGIT expression diversities in pAPS.

Digital health interventions to promote healthy lifestyle in hemodialysis patients: an interventional pilot study.

Low physical activity has been associated with poor prognosis in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Interventions to maintain healthy lifestyle in this population are important to reduce mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital health interventions (DHIs) for improving the physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in HD patients.

25-Hydroxy vitamin D deficiency is an inferior predictor of peripheral T-cell lymphomas.

The aim of the study was to explore the significance and prognostic value of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-(OH) D) deficiency in peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs). One hundred fifty-six patients of newly diagnosed PTCLs were enrolled in the study. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Roux-en-Y and One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Surgery Are Superior to Sleeve Gastrectomy in Lowering Glucose and Cholesterol Levels Independent of Weight Loss: a Propensity-Score Weighting Analysis.

Background: The superior effects of gastric bypass surgery in preventing cardiovascular diseases compared with sleeve gastrectomy are well-established. However, whether these effects are independent of weight loss is not known.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we compared the change in cardiometabolic risks of 1073 diabetic patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (n = 265), one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) (n = 619), and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (n = 189) with equivalent weight loss from the Min-Shen General Hospital.

ER ribosomal-binding protein 1 regulates blood pressure and potassium homeostasis by modulating intracellular renin trafficking.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have linked RRBP1 (ribosomal-binding protein 1) genetic variants to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and serum lipoprotein levels. However, how RRBP1 regulates blood pressure is unknown.

Methods: To identify genetic variants associated with blood pressure, we performed a genome-wide linkage analysis with regional fine mapping in the Stanford Asia-Pacific Program for Hypertension and Insulin Resistance (SAPPHIRe) cohort.

A genome-wide association study for melatonin secretion.

Melatonin exerts a wide range of effects among various tissues and organs. However, there is currently no study to investigate the genetic determinants of melatonin secretion. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for melatonin secretion using morning urine 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate-to-creatinine ratio (UMCR).

Accuracy of Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein in Predicting Acute Kidney Injury: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) is a promising biomarker for the early prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the clinical utility of L-FABP in different populations or settings remains unclear. We present a meta-analysis of studies evaluating the performance of L-FABP in AKI prediction.

Mobile Health App With Social Media to Support Self-Management for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Prospective Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden. Self-management plays a key role in improving modifiable risk factors.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of wearable devices, a health management platform, and social media at improving the self-management of CKD, with the goal of establishing a new self-management intervention model.

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition decreased contrast-associated acute kidney injury in chronic kidney disease patients.

Background/purpose: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for contrast associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI). The risk of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (RASi) use in patients with CKD before the administration of contrast is not clear.

Methods: In this nested case-control study, 8668 patients received contrast computed tomography (CT) from 2013 to 2018 during index administration in a multicenter hospital cohort.

Lactate Dehydrogenase-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Represents a Powerful Prognostic Tool of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

Inflammation parameters were verified to predict clinical outcomes of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, we developed a novel marker, lactate dehydrogenase (tumor burden marker) to lymphocytes (inflammation marker) ratio (LLR), aimed to reveal the prognostic role of LLR for mRCC patients treated with TKIs. We collected clinical data of mRCC patients treated with TKIs.

A immunosuppressive triterpenoid saponin from the stems of .

Chemical investigation of the stems of led to the isolation and identification of a new triterpenoid saponin () and two known compounds (epigynosides A () and B ()). These structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D NMR, MS, UV, IR) as well as comparison with the reported data. Compound 1 was evaluated in vitro for the immunosuppressive activities on proliferation of mice splenocyte and displayed significant immunosuppressive activities compared to the positive control (dexamethasone) with the concentration at 25 μM.

Pioglitazone improves hepatic mitochondrial function in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Pioglitazone is effective in improving insulin resistance and liver histology in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Because dysfunctional mitochondrial metabolism is a central feature of NASH, we hypothesized that an important target of pioglitazone would be alleviating mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction. To this end, we studied hepatic mitochondrial metabolism in mice fed high-fructose high-transfat diet (TFD) supplemented with pioglitazone for 20 wk, using nuclear magnetic resonance-based C isotopomer analysis.

Genome Wide Association Study Identifies the Locus to be Associated With Chlorthalidone Induced Glucose Increase in Hypertensive Patients.

Background: Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics are first-line medications for treating uncomplicated hypertension. However, their use has been associated with adverse metabolic events, including hyperglycemia and incident diabetes mellitus, with incompletely understood mechanisms. Our goal was to identify genomic variants associated with thiazide-like diuretic/chlorthalidone-induced glucose change.

Relative Bioavailability of Silybin A and Silybin B From 2 Multiconstituent Dietary Supplement Formulations Containing Milk Thistle Extract: A Single-dose Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the bioavailability between 2 milk thistle-containing dietary supplements, Product B and IsaGenesis, in healthy volunteers.

Methods: Bioavailability between Product B, originally formulated as a powdered capsule, and IsaGenesis, reformulated as a soft gel, were compared by measuring silybin A and silybin B as surrogate pharmacokinetic markers for differences in absorption and bioavailability. For this randomized, open-label, crossover pharmacokinetic study, 12 healthy volunteers consumed a single-dose serving of each supplement separated by at least a 7-day washout period.

Comparison of outcomes between emergent-start and planned-start peritoneal dialysis in incident ESRD patients: a prospective observational study.

Background: The clinical consequences of starting chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) after emergent dialysis via a temporary hemodialysis (HD) catheter has rarely been evaluated within a full spectrum of treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We investigated the longer-term outcomes of patients undergoing emergent-start PD in comparison with that of other practices of PD or HD in a prospective cohort of new-onset ESRD.

Methods: This was a 2-year prospective observational study.

Anti-Yo positive and late-onset paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with ovarian carcinoma: A case report.

Rationale: Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a rare nonmetastatic neurological complication often associated with ovarian, breast, and other gynecologic cancers. Anti-Yo is one of the antionconeural antibodies found in patients with PCD. It primarily emerges before a malignancy is detected.

[Chemical Constituents from the Roots of Lindera glauca and Their Antitumor Activity on Four Different Cancer Cell Lines].

Objective: To study the chemical constitutes from the roots of Lindera glauca and the alkaloids influence on proliferation of HT-29,SGC-7901,SMMC-7721 and A549 cell lines.

Methods: The constituents were isolated by column chromatography such as RP-18,Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis and compared with literature data. The antitumor activity was determined by MTT assay.

Diagnostic value of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase in lung carcinoma patients with bone metastases: a meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Aim and Backgrounds: The accurate diagnosis of lung carcinoma patients with bone metastases is crucial for therapy and the prevention of complications. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) in lung carcinoma patients with bone metastases.

Methods: Such databases as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid, BioMed Central, Biosis previews and four Chinese databases (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database-disc (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Technology of Chongqing (VIP) and Wan Fang DATA) were retrieved on computer, and the relevant journals were also manually searched to collect the trials on BALP in diagnosis of lung carcinoma patients with bone metastases.

Crystal Structure and Antibacterial Activity of (E)-(5-ethyl-2-styryl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl) Methanol Synthesized with Nanosolid Superacid.

A new chiral 1,3-dioxane compound was synthesized by aldol condensation reaction in this paper. The reaction of cinnamic aldehyde with 2.1 equiv.

Impact of weaning from acute dialytic therapy on outcomes of chronic kidney disease following urgent-start dialysis.

Discontinuation of acute, unplanned dialysis is always an important therapeutic goal in dialysis-requiring patients with existing chronic kidney disease. Only a limited proportion of patients could be weaned off dialysis and remained dialysis-free. Here we performed a multicenter, observational study to investigate factors associated with successful weaning from acute dialysis, and to explore the potential impact of weaning itself on outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease following urgent-start dialysis.

[Promoting effects and mechanisms of prostaglandin E1 on proliferation and migration of endothelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the mechanism(s) that prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) promotes human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)proliferation and migration.

Methods: Western blot, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, cell proliferation and cell migration tests, and tube formation were used for analyzing the roles and mechanisms of PGE1 on HUVEC; Western blot was used for analyzing the effects of PGE1 on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC).

Results: PGE1 significantly increased VEGF expression of HUVEC in time and a dose dependent manner with concomitantly increased HUVEC proliferation; treatment of HUVEC with Bevacizumab apparently suppressed PGE1-stimulated VEGF expression, which led to decreased tube formation, reduced cell proliferation and migration by 41% and 38%, respectively, compared with PGE1 treatment alone; PGE1 time-dependently induced both phosphorylation of ERK and p38 in HUVEC, whereas ERK inhibitor, PD98059, or p38 inhibitor, SB203580, blocked PGE1-induced VEGF expression of HUVEC, resulting in dramatically suppression of HUVEC proliferation and migration compared with PGE1 treatment alone (60% and 55% by PD98059, 62% and 51% by SB203580, respectively); in addition, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A inhibitor, H89 or Rp-cAMP blocked PGE1-induced VEGF expression in VSMC.

Human-leukocyte antigen class I Cw 1502 and class II DR 0301 genotypes are associated with resistance to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infection.

One-hundred and thirty confirmed cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were recruited to evaluate their anti-SARS-coronavirus (CoV) antibody status and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types in September 2006, 3 y after the SARS outbreaks in Taiwan. Western blot assay showed that 6.9% of participants still had anti-spike and anti-nucleocapside antibodies.