Mechanism of Histone Arginine Methylation Dynamic Change in Cellular Stress.

Histone arginine residue methylation is crucial for individual development and gene regulation. However, the dynamics of histone arginine methylation in response to cellular stress remains largely unexplored. In addition, the interplay and regulatory mechanisms between this and other histone modifications are important scientific questions that require further investigation.

Analysis of an adult diabetes mellitus caused by a rare mutation of the gene: A case report.

Background: This study presents the clinical and genetic mutation characteristics of an unusual case of adult-onset diabetes mellitus occurring in adolescence, featuring a unique mutation in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene. Data Access Statement: Research data supporting this publication are available from the NN repository at www.NNN.

Upregulation of expression impaired the phagocytosis of macrophages in recurrent spontaneous miscarriage.

Decidual macrophages are the second-largest immune cell group at the maternal-foetal interface. They participate in apoptotic cell removal, and protect the foetus from microorganisms or pathogens. Dysfunction of decidual macrophages gives rise to pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM).

Discovery of anti-inflammatory agents from 3, 4-dihydronaphthalene-1(2H)-one derivatives by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles are a polymer of cellular innate immunity composed of a pair of proteins. The continuous activation of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory vesicles induces the occurrence and enhancement of inflammatory response. In this study, a series of 3, 4-dihydronaphthalene-1(2H)-one derivatives (DHNs, 6a-u, 7a-e, 8a-n) were synthesized and characterized by NMR and HRMS.

Functional insulin aspart/insulin degludec-based microneedles for promoting postprandial glycemic control.

Insulin aspart (IAsp) and insulin degludec (IDeg), as the third generation of insulin, have a faster onset time or a more durable action period, which may simulate the secretion of insulin under physiological conditions. Microneedles (MNs) are transdermal delivery devices that may allow diabetic patients to easily deploy transdermal insulin therapy while considerably reducing injection pain. In this study, we investigated the combination of dissolving MNs with IAsp or IDeg therapy as an alternative to daily multiple insulin injections, aiming to improve glycemic control and patient compliance.

RNA demethylation-driven functional supramolecular structure for label-free detection of mA modification eraser FTO in human breast tissues.

Fat mass and obesity-associated enzyme (FTO) can dynamically regulate N-methyladenosine modification, and it is engaged in various cellular functions. Herein, we demonstrate the RNA demethylation-driven functional supramolecular structure for label-free detection of mA modification eraser FTO in human breast tissues. The presence of FTO catalyzes the removal of methyl group in mA, causing the cleavage of demethylated DNA by DpnII and the release of DNA primer.

Comparing the Performance of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) on Artificial and Natural Diets: Feasibility of Mass-Rearing on Artificial Diets.

In China, Hyphantria cunea (Drury) is an invasive phytophagous pest; it attacks nearly all species of defoliated trees. To develop integrated pest management programs (IPM) for H. cunea, we need to ensure the availability of insects by mass-rearing them on artificial diets under laboratory conditions.

Yin-chen Wu-ling powder alleviate cholestatic liver disease: Network pharmacological analysis and experimental validation.

Background: Yin-chen Wu-ling Powder (YWP) has potential therapeutic effects on cholestatic liver disease (CLD), however, its active compounds and conceivable mechanism are as yet indistinct.

Methods: The network pharmacology and gene function annotation examined the multiple active ingredients, potential targets, and possible mechanisms of YWP in CLD treatment. Then the molecular docking reassured the reliability of the core compounds including the key genes and farnesoid X receptor (FXR).

An update on biomaterials as microneedle matrixes for biomedical applications.

Microneedles (MNs) have been developed for various applications such as drug delivery, cosmetics, diagnosis, and biosensing. To meet the requirements of MNs used in these areas, numerous materials have been used for the fabrication of MNs. However, MNs will be exposed to skin tissues after piercing the stratum corneum barrier.

Case Report: Neonatal Urinary Ascites Without Hydronephrosis: A Rare Case of Anterior Urethral Valve and Diverticulum in Preterm Newborn.

The deformation of congenital obstruction of the anterior urethra is rare in male infants. The anterior urethral valve (AUV) and diverticulum are not common causes of distal urethral obstruction, which may be significant but difficult to diagnose in time. We describe a premature infant who was diagnosed with AUV as part of a diverticulum in the anterior urethra and was presented as massive urinary ascites without hydroureters and hydronephrosis.

Anti-programmed Cell Death Protein-1 Therapy in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Induced Type 1 Diabetes: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, widely used in the treatment of malignancies, can improve the prognosis of patients, while it also can induce various immune-related adverse events, and type 1 diabetes induced by anti-programmed cell death protein-1 is a rare but severe complication. Here we reported a case of type 1 diabetes induced by anti-PD-1 which was to treat intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The case was a 61-year-old female who developed diabetes and ketoacidosis symptoms at the 16th week after anti-PD-1 therapy.

Tenofovir vs. entecavir on prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection.

Background: Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are recommended as first-line choices regarding the treatment of chronic hepatits B. The impact of the two antiviral agents on prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative liver resection remains to be explored. We aimed to assess the effect of antiviral therapy with ETV or TDF after curative resection on the prognosis of patients with HBV-related HCC.

An update on microneedle-based systems for diabetes.

Diabetes is one of the most serious chronic diseases today. Patients with diabetes need frequent insulin injections or blood sampling to monitor blood glucose levels. The microneedles are a painless transdermal drug delivery system, which has great advantages in achieving self-management.

Phospholipase A, a nonnegligible enzyme superfamily in gastrointestinal diseases.

Gastrointestinal tract is important for digestion, absorption, detoxification and immunity. Gastrointestinal diseases are mainly caused by the imbalance of protective and attacking factors in gastrointestinal mucosa, which can seriously harm human health. Phospholipase A (PLA) is a large family closely involved in lipid metabolism and is found in almost all human cells.

Regulation of the innate immune cells during pregnancy: An immune checkpoint perspective.

The foetus can be regarded as a half-allograft implanted into the maternal body. In a successful pregnancy, the mother does not reject the foetus because of the immune tolerance mechanism at the maternal-foetal interface. The innate immune cells are a large part of the decidual leukocytes contributing significantly to a successful pregnancy.

Decreased nitric oxide content mediated by asymmetrical dimethylarginine and protein l-arginine methyltransferase 3 in macrophages induces trophoblast apoptosis: a potential cause of recurrent miscarriage.

Study Question: Is the protein l-arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3)/asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA)/nitric oxide (NO) pathway involved in the development of recurrent miscarriage (RM), and what is the potential mechanism?

Summary Answer: Elevated levels of PRMT3 and ADMA inhibit NO formation in the decidua, thereby impairing the functions of trophoblast cells at the maternal-foetal interface.

What Is Known Already: Decreased NO bioavailability is associated with RM. ADMA, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is derived from the methylation of protein arginine residues by PRMTs and serves as a predictor of mortality in critical illness.

Myrtenal and β-caryophyllene oxide screened from Liquidambaris Fructus suppress NLRP3 inflammasome components in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Liquidambaris Fructus (LF) is the infructescence of Liquidambar formosana. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, LF has been used to treat joint pain, a common symptom of arthritis and rheumatism; however, a lack of pharmacological evidence has limited its applications in modern clinics. Therefore, this study aims to explore the protective effect of LF on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to identify its active ingredients.

gene genotype-phenotype correlation in neonates with Zellweger syndrome.

Background: Zellweger syndrome (ZS) is commonly manifested as facial deformities, hypotonia, and liver dysfunction. However, ZS caused by gene mutation shows a broad and dispersed clinical pattern. In this study, the gene in ZS was analyzed to enrich its clinical characteristics.

Stability and Diffusion Properties of Insulin in Dissolvable Microneedles: A Multiscale Simulation Study.

Microneedle (MN) technology has been proven to be promising to become an effective drug delivery route of insulin for diabetes treatment, with the advantages of high delivery efficiency, convenient management, and minimal risk of infection. However, efforts are still required to verify the insulin activity in MNs for further clinical application. Moreover, it is also essential to study the diffusion properties of insulin to understand the ability of various MN materials to control insulin release.

In vivo safety assessment, biodistribution and toxicology of polyvinyl alcohol microneedles with 160-day uninterruptedly applications in mice.

Dissolving microneedles (DMNs) are widely used in drug delivery systems since they are based on one-step application, which is simple and convenient for patients, especially for the patients such as diabetes who need daily or long-term self-administration. In general, the matrix materials of DMNs are water-soluble materials that can release the encapsulated drugs gradually by dissolving in the skin without generating sharp needle waste. However, the matrix materials of DMNs will also leave in the skin after application.

[Effect of intermittent versus daily inhalation of budesonide on pulmonary function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in children with mild persistent asthma].

Objective: To study the effect of intermittent versus daily inhalation of budesonide on pulmonary function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in children with mild persistent asthma.

Methods: A total of 120 children, aged 6-14 years, with mild persistent asthma who attended the hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled. The children were divided into an intermittent inhalation group with 60 children (inhalation of budesonide 200 μg/day for 6 weeks when symptoms of asthma appeared) and a daily inhalation group with 60 children (continuous inhalation of budesonide 200 μg/day) by stratified randomization.

Tescalcin is an unfavorable prognosis factor that regulats cell proliferation and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem and a primary cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although great advances have achieved recently by large-scale high-throughput analysis, the precise molecular mechanism underlying HCC progression remains to be clearly elucidated. We investigated the relationship between Tescalcin (TESC), a candidate oncogene, and clinicopathological features of HCC patients and explored the role of TECS in HCC development.

Effects of antibiotics on microbial community structure and microbial functions in constructed wetlands treated with artificial root exudates.

In the rhizosphere, plant root exudates can mediate the toxicity of antibiotics on microorganisms, yet the mechanisms are poorly understood. To simulate the antibiotic contamination of global rivers and lakes, the current study investigated the effects of two antibiotics (ofloxacin at 8.69 × 10 ng L and tetracycline at 8.

Inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase can reduce extracellular traps from neutrophils in asthmatic children in vitro.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the link between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and childhood asthma, to investigate the ability of nitric oxide (NO) to induce NETs in asthmatic children and find inhibitors to reduce NETs in the NO synthesis pathway.

Methods: A total of 49 children with mild persistent asthma were included in the study and 20 healthy children's blood samples were collected as healthy controls. Children with asthma were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups according to the presence or absence of symptoms on the day of blood collection.

Paraspinal approach for thoracolumbar fracture.

Objective: To explore the advantages and indications of the paraspinal approach by anatomical study and clinical application.

Methods: The anatomical data and clinical practice of 27 cases were analyzed to explore the accurate approach between the paraspinal muscles and the structure of ambient tissues, as well as the results of clinical application of paraspinal approach. The operation time, blood loss, incision length, radiographic result (Cobb angle, height of anterior edge of the vertebrae) were compared with those in 24 cases treated by traditional approach.