Sociocultural Antecedents and Mechanisms of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Mexican-Origin Youth.

Mexican-origin youth, as a large and growing population among U.S. youth, have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19.

In-depth exploration of the genomic diversity in tea varieties based on a newly constructed pangenome of Camellia sinensis.

Tea, one of the most widely consumed beverages globally, exhibits remarkable genomic diversity in its underlying flavour and health-related compounds. In this study, we present the construction and analysis of a tea pangenome comprising a total of 11 genomes, with a focus on three newly sequenced genomes comprising the purple-leaved assamica cultivar "Zijuan", the temperature-sensitive sinensis cultivar "Anjibaicha" and the wild accession "L618" whose assemblies exhibited excellent quality scores as they profited from latest sequencing technologies. Our analysis incorporates a detailed investigation of transposon complement across the tea pangenome, revealing shared patterns of transposon distribution among the studied genomes and improved transposon resolution with long read technologies, as shown by long terminal repeat (LTR) Assembly Index analysis.

Human gastric cancer progression and stabilization of ATG2B through RNF5 binding facilitated by autophagy-associated CircDHX8.

The role of circDHX8 in the interplay between autophagy and gastric cancer (GC) progression remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the role of hsa_circ_003899 (circDHX8) in the malignancy of GC. Differential expression of circRNAs between GC and normal tissues was determined using circle-seq and microarray datasets (GSE83521).

Single-cell analysis defines LGALS1+ fibroblasts that promote proliferation and migration of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

The incidence rate of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), which has a poor prognosis, is rapidly increasing. To investigate the intratumor heterogeneity in ICC, we analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from the primary tumor and adjacent normal tissues of 14 treatment-naïve patients. We identified 10 major cell types, along with 45 subclusters of cells.

Modular Arrangement of Synaptic and Intrinsic Homeostatic Plasticity within Visual Cortical Circuits.

Neocortical circuits use synaptic and intrinsic forms of homeostatic plasticity to stabilize key features of network activity, but whether these different homeostatic mechanisms act redundantly, or can be independently recruited to stabilize different network features, is unknown. Here we used pharmacological and genetic perturbations both and to determine whether synaptic scaling and intrinsic homeostatic plasticity (IHP) are arranged and recruited in a hierarchical or modular manner within L2/3 pyramidal neurons in rodent V1. Surprisingly, although the expression of synaptic scaling and IHP was dependent on overlapping trafficking pathways, they could be independently recruited by manipulating spiking activity or NMDAR signaling, respectively.

Large-scale integration of omics and electronic health records to identify potential risk protein biomarkers and therapeutic drugs for cancer prevention and intervention.

Identifying risk protein targets and their therapeutic drugs is crucial for effective cancer prevention. Here, we conduct integrative and fine-mapping analyses of large genome-wide association studies data for breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, and characterize 710 lead variants independently associated with cancer risk. Through mapping protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) for these variants using plasma proteomics data from over 75,000 participants, we identify 365 proteins associated with cancer risk.

Dietary intake, obesity, and physical activity in association with biliary tract cancer risk: Results from meta-analyses of individual-level data from prospective cohort studies of 723,326 adults.

Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with increasing incidence. Most BTC cases are diagnosed with metastatic disease which carries a 5-year survival rate of <5%. Physical activity, diet, and obesity might be associated with BTC risk, but studies have been limited particularly in African descendants.

CircRNA hsa_circ_0069,399 as a potential clinical prognostic marker in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) significantly influence the invasion, metastasis, gene expression, proliferation, and apoptosis of tumor cells. However, the roles of circRNAs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remain largely unexplored. This study aims to examine circRNA expression patterns in LSCC and adjacent non-tumorous tissues, with the goal of uncovering potential biomarkers for LSCC.

OliTag-seq enhances in cellulo detection of CRISPR-Cas9 off-targets.

The potential for off-target mutations is a critical concern for the therapeutic application of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. Current detection methodologies, such as GUIDE-seq, exhibit limitations in oligonucleotide integration efficiency and sensitivity, which could hinder their utility in clinical settings. To address these issues, we introduce OliTag-seq, an in-cellulo assay specifically engineered to enhance the detection of off-target events.

FBXO45 levels regulated ferroptosis renal tubular epithelial cells in a model of diabetic nephropathy by PLK1.

Objective: This research aims to investigate the role and underlying biological mechanism of FBXO45 in regulating ferroptosis of renal fibrocytes in a diabetic nephropathy (DN) model.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. Human renal glomerular endothelial cells stimulated with d-glucose.

The protocol for an observational Australian cohort study of CADASIL: The AusCADASIL study.

Introduction: Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a rare genetic condition with a broad phenotypic presentation. This study aims to establish the first Australian cohort of individuals affected by CADASIL (AusCADASIL) and examine its clinical features and longitudinal course, and to investigate neuroimaging and blood biomarkers to assist in early diagnosis and identify disease progression.

Methods: Participants will be recruited from six study centres across Australia for an observational study of CADASIL.

Understanding adjustment profiles among Mexican-origin adolescents over time: A focus on cultural risk and resilience factors.

This study used a three-wave longitudinal dataset to: identify adjustment profiles of U.S. Mexican-origin adolescents based on their physical, academic, and psychosocial health adjustment; track adjustment profile changes throughout adolescence; and examine the associations between cultural stressors, family obligation, and adjustment profile membership over time.

[Rate of Correct Inhaler Usage and Related Factors in Elderly Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease].

Background: Poor disease control in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with suboptimal inhaler use.

Purpose: This study was designed to explore the accuracy of inhaler use and related factors in elderly patients with COPD.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used to recruit patients with COPD from a medical centre in southern Taiwan who were over 65 years old and used inhalers regularly.

Analysis of the synergistic benefits of typical technologies for pollution reduction and carbon reduction in the iron and steel industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

With its high energy consumption and pollutant emissions, the iron and steel industry is a significant source of air pollution and carbon emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. To improve air quality and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a series of policies involving ultra-low emission, synergistic reduction of pollution, and carbon application have been implemented in the region. This study has assessed air pollutant and CO emission patterns in the iron and steel industry of the region by employing co-control effects coordinate system, marginal abatement cost curve, and numerical modeling, along with the synergistic benefits of typical technologies.

Target-driven cascade amplified assembly of covalent organic frameworks on tetrahedral DNA nanostructure with multiplex recognition domains for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA.

Background: MicroRNA (miRNA) emerges as important cancer biomarker, accurate detection of miRNA plays an essential role in clinical sample analysis and disease diagnosis. However, it remains challenging to realize highly sensitive detection of low-abundance miRNA. Traditional detection methods including northern blot and real-time PCR have realized quantitative miRNA detection.

Modulating the Electrolyte Microenvironment in Electrical Double Layer for Boosting Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) is a promising approach to achieve remediation of nitrate-polluted wastewater and sustainable production of ammonia. However, it is still restricted by the low activity, selectivity and Faraday efficiency for ammonia synthesis. Herein, we propose an effective strategy to modulate the electrolyte microenvironment in electrical double layer (EDL) by mediating alkali metal cations in the electrolyte to enhance the NORR performance.

Efficacy of ketamine versus esketamine in the treatment of perioperative depression: A review.

Depression is a significant factor contributing to postoperative occurrences, and patients diagnosed with depression have a higher risk for postoperative complications. Studies on cardiovascular surgery extensively addresses this concern. Several studies report that people who undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery have a 20% chance of developing postoperative depression.

Localized High-Concentration Sulfone Electrolytes with High-Voltage Stability and Flame Retardancy for Ni-Rich Lithium Metal Batteries.

The localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) propels the advanced high-voltage battery system. Sulfone-based LHCE is a transformative direction compatible with high energy density and high safety. In this work, the application of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) in the LHCE system constructed from sulfolane and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) is investigated.

Effect of Soy Protein Products on Growth and Metabolism of , , and .

Microbial nitrogen sources are promising, and soy protein as a plant-based nitrogen source has absolute advantages in creating microbial culture medium in terms of renewability, eco-friendliness, and greater safety. Soy protein is rich in variety due to different extraction technologies and significantly different in the cell growth and metabolism of microorganisms as nitrogen source. Therefore, different soy proteins (soy meal powder, SMP; soy peptone, SP; soy protein concentrate, SPC; soy protein isolate, SPI; and soy protein hydrolysate, SPH) were used as nitrogen sources to culture , , and to evaluate the suitable soy nitrogen sources of the above strains.

Novel Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Hepatocyte Growth Factor Imaging in Surgical Navigation of Colorectal Cancer.

Despite recent advancements in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, the prognosis remains unfavorable primarily due to high recurrence and liver metastasis rates. Fluorescence molecular imaging technologies, combined with specific probes, have gained prominence in facilitating real-time tumor resection guided by fluorescence. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is overexpressed in CRC, but the advancement of HGF fluorescent probes has been impeded by the absence of effective HGF-targeting small-molecular ligands.

High-Throughput Microfluidic Particle Counter Based on Optical Absorption.

With the utilization of advanced microfluidic techniques, the microfluidic particle counter demonstrates significant potential due to its high efficiency, precise manipulation, and portability. This work focuses on a photodetection counter based on optical absorption. To achieve precise particle detection, a Christmas tree-like structure was implemented to separate a single particle from a cluster, which was then detected in independent multiple parallel channels.

MsWRKY44 regulates Mg-K homeostasis of shoots and promotes alfalfa sensitivities to acid and Al stresses.

Mg-K homeostasis is essential for plant response to abiotic stress, but its regulation remains largely unknown. MsWRKY44 cloned from alfalfa was highly expressed in leaves and petioles. Overexpression of it inhibited alfalfa growth, and promoted leaf senescence and alfalfa sensitivities to acid and Al stresses.