Transcriptome analysis of knockout mutants of rice seed dormancy gene OsVP1 and Sdr4.

OsVP1 and Sdr4 play an important role in regulating seed dormancy that involved in multiple metabolism and regulatory pathways. Seed dormancy and germination are critical agricultural traits influencing rice grain yield. Although there are some genes have identified previously, the comprehensive understanding based on transcriptome is still deficient.

The delivery of miR-21a-5p by extracellular vesicles induces microglial polarization via the STAT3 pathway following hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal mice.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have previously been shown to protect against brain injury caused by hypoxia-ischemia (HI). The neuroprotective effects have been found to relate to the anti-inflammatory effects of EVs. However, the underlying mechanisms have not previously been determined.

A Fast, Visual, and Instrument-free Platform Involving Rapid DNA Extraction, Chemical Heating, and Recombinase Aided Amplification for On-Site Nucleic Acid Detection.

The nucleic acid-based technique has been widely utilized in many fields including for on-site detection. However, traditional molecular detection techniques encounter limitations like relying on instruments, time consuming or complex operation, and cannot meet the demands of on-site testing. In this study, a rapid DNA extraction method (RDEM), recombinase aided amplification (RAA), and chemical heating packet (CHP) are integrated and termed as RRC platform for on-site detection of nucleic acid.

Enantioselective formal [3+2]-cycloadditions to access spirooxindoles bearing four contiguous stereocenters through synergistic catalysis.

An enantioselective ring-opening formal [3+2]-cycloaddition of spirovinylcyclopropyl oxindoles with enals via synergistic catalysis of palladium(0) and a chiral organocatalyst has been developed, affording spirooxindoles bearing four contiguous stereocenters in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The generality and utility of the protocol were also demonstrated through scale-up experiments and synthetic transformation of the resulting cycloadduct.

DEAD-BOX RNA HELICASE 27 regulates microRNA biogenesis, zygote division, and stem cell homeostasis.

After double fertilization, zygotic embryogenesis initiates a new life cycle, and stem cell homeostasis in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) allows plants to produce new tissues and organs continuously. Here, we report that mutations in DEAD-BOX RNA HELICASE 27 (RH27) affect zygote division and stem cell homeostasis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The strong mutant allele rh27-1 caused a zygote-lethal phenotype, while the weak mutant allele rh27-2 led to minor defects in embryogenesis and severely compromised stem cell homeostasis in the SAM and RAM.

Deficient Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Promotes Lipid Accumulation in Macrophage.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) serves as a critical upstream regulator of lipophagy and lipid metabolism in hepatocyte. However, the role of CMA in lipid metabolism of macrophage, the typical component of atherosclerotic plaque, remains unclear. In our study, LAMP-2A (L2A, a CMA marker) was reduced in macrophages exposed to high dose of oleate, and lipophagy was impaired in advanced atherosclerosis in ApoE (-/-) mice.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy regulates apoptosis and the proliferation of colon carcinoma cells.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is one of the three types of autophagy. In recent years, CMA has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of several types of cancer. However, whether CMA is involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear.

The Synthesis of NiCoO-MnO Core-Shell Nanowires by Electrodeposition and Its Supercapacitive Properties.

Hierarchical composite films grown on current collectors are popularly reported to be directly used as electrodes for supercapacitors. Highly dense and conductive NiCoO nanowires are ideal backbones to support guest materials. In this work, low crystalline MnO nanoflakes are electrodeposited onto the surface of NiCoO nanowire films pre-coated on nickel foam.

CLE25 peptide regulates phloem initiation in Arabidopsis through a CLERK-CLV2 receptor complex.

The phloem, located within the vascular system, is critical for delivery of nutrients and signaling molecules throughout the plant body. Although the morphological process and several factors regulating phloem differentiation have been reported, the molecular mechanism underlying its initiation remains largely unknown. Here, we report that the small peptide-coding gene, CLAVATA 3 (CLV3)/EMBEYO SURROUNDING REGION 25 (CLE25), the expression of which begins in provascular initial cells of 64-cell-staged embryos, and continues in sieve element-procambium stem cells and phloem lineage cells, during post-embryonic root development, facilitates phloem initiation in Arabidopsis.

Construction of Bispirooxindole Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Formal [3 + 2]-Cycloaddition of Spirovinylcyclopropyl Oxindole and 3-Oxindole Derivatives.

A palladium-catalyzed ring-opening oxo-formal [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of novel donor-acceptor spirovinylcyclopropyl oxindole with 3-oxindole is described. The developed protocol provides facile access to oxo-bispirooxindole derivatives in good yields (up to 82% yield) with excellent diastereoselectivities (up to 20:1 dr).

Neuroprotective effects of tenuigenin on neurobehavior, oxidative stress, and tau hyperphosphorylation induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin in rats.

Background: Tenuigenin (TEN), a major active component of the Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia root, has been used to improve memory and cognitive function in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries.

Purpose: The present study was designed to explore the possible neuroprotective effect of TEN on the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD).

Methods: STZ was injected twice intracerebroventrically (3 mg/kg, ICV) on alternate days (day 1 and day 3) in Rats.

Antidepressant-like action of agmatine in the acute and sub-acute mouse models of depression: a receptor mechanism study.

Previous studies have shown that agmatine, a potential neuromodulator or co-transmitter, exhibited antidepressant-like action in animal models, yet its mechanism, especially the receptor mechanism, remains unclear. In the present study, using efaroxan, a preferential antagonist of I imidazoline receptor (IR) and yohimbine, an antagonist of α adrenergic receptor (αAR), we investigated the roles of IR and αAR in agmatine's antidepressant-like effect in acute and sub-acute depression models in mice. We found that in the tail-suspension test (TST) and the forced swimming test (FST), acute administration of agmatine (20 and 40 mg/kg, p.

PD-L1 confers glioblastoma multiforme malignancy via Ras binding and Ras/Erk/EMT activation.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor due to the lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Cancer therapy targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is of revolutionary. However, the role of intrinsic PD-L1, which determines immune-therapy outcomes, remains largely unclear.

DKK3 overexpression attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in an angiotensin-perfused animal model by regulating the ADAM17/ACE2 and GSK-3β/β-catenin pathways.

Aims: Cardiac pressure and humoral factors induce cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, which are characterized by increased stiffness, reduced contractility and altered perfusion. Angiotensin II (AngII) is well known to promote this pathology. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2, which cleaves AngII and forms Ang-(1-7), exerts protective anti-hypertrophy and anti-fibrosis effects.

Evaluation of a Flow-Cytometric Osmotic Fragility Test for Hereditary Spherocytosis in Chinese Patients.

Background: Osmotic fragility testing based on flow cytometry was recently introduced for the screening of hereditary spherocytosis (HS). This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of a flow-cytometric osmotic fragility test for HS.

Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 237 subjects at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, including 56 HS patients, 86 thalassemia patients and 95 healthy controls.

Comparison and evaluation of three screening tests of hereditary spherocytosis in Chinese patients.

The objective of this study is to compare and evaluate the diagnostic value of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) by three screening tests, comparing mean spherical corpuscular volume (MSCV) to mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and flow cytometric osmotic fragility test. Peripheral blood was collected from 237 participators diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, including 56 hereditary spherocytosis patients, 86 thalassemia patients, and 95 healthy people. The samples were examined by three tests, and the three screening tests were evaluated by the sensitivity and specificity of tests.

An AAA-DDD triply hydrogen-bonded complex easily accessible for supramolecular polymers.

For a complementary hydrogen-bonded complex, when every hydrogen-bond acceptor is on one side and every hydrogen-bond donor is on the other, all secondary interactions are attractive and the complex is highly stable. AAA-DDD (A=acceptor, D=donor) is considered to be the most stable among triply hydrogen-bonded sequences. The easily synthesized and further derivatized AAA-DDD system is very desirable for hydrogen-bonded functional materials.

Circulating CD36 and fractalkine levels are associated with vulnerable plaque progression in patients with unstable angina pectoris.

The chemokine, fractalkine, independently enhances the vulnerability of coronary atherosclerotic plaques. The present study investigated the combined effects of CD36 and fractalkine on coronary plaque progression in patients with unstable angina pectoris. In the present study, 120 unstable angina pectoris patients undergoing coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound were divided into two groups: an intermediate lesion group (lumen diameter stenosis 50-70%, 80 patients) and a severe lesion group (at least one lesion with lumen diameter stenosis > 70%, 40 patients).