miR-135a-5p alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis mediated through the DDX3X/NLRP3 pathway.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in signal transduction and regulation during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of the specific miRNA/DDX3X/NLRP3 pathway in early-stage CIRI and explores its potential clinical applications. Through public database analysis, miR-135a-5p targeting DDX3X after CIRI was determined.

ATP-binding cassette transporter TaABCG2 contributes to Fusarium head blight resistance by mediating salicylic acid transport in wheat.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters hydrolyse ATP to transport various substrates. Previous studies have shown that ABC transporters are responsible for transporting plant hormones and heavy metals, thus contributing to plant immunity. Herein, we identified a wheat G-type ABC transporter, TaABCG2-5B, that responds to salicylic acid (SA) treatment and is induced by Fusarium graminearum, the primary pathogen causing Fusarium head blight (FHB).

Grace periods in comparative effectiveness studies of sustained treatments.

Researchers are often interested in estimating the effect of sustained use of a treatment on a health outcome. However, adherence to strict treatment protocols can be challenging for individuals in practice and, when non-adherence is expected, estimates of the effect of sustained use may not be useful for decision making. As an alternative, more relaxed treatment protocols which allow for periods of time off treatment (i.

FgCWM1 modulates TaNDUFA9 to inhibit SA synthesis and reduce FHB resistance in wheat.

Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB) significantly impacts wheat yield and quality. Understanding the intricate interaction mechanisms between Fusarium graminearum (the main pathogen of FHB) and wheat is crucial for developing effective strategies to manage and this disease. Our previous studies had shown that the absence of the cell wall mannoprotein FgCWM1, located at the outermost layer of the cell wall, led to a decrease in the pathogenicity of F.

Chemerin 15 peptide reduces neuroinflammation via the ChemR23 receptor after ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in ischemic stroke; consequently, understanding its regulation could facilitate the development of therapies for ischemic stroke. Chemerin 15, a 15-amino acid peptide derived from chemerin, exerts powerful anti-inflammatory effects through ChemR23, modulates macrophage polarization, and diminishes inflammatory cytokine expression in peripheral inflammation models. However, its effects on microglia and stroke remain unclear.

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) can utilize and remediate soil strongly contaminated with Cu, As, Cd, and Pb by phytoattenuation.

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has great application potential in heavy metal-polluted soils owing to its safe non-food utilization. However, the fate of heavy metals in different varieties of hemp planted in strongly contaminated natural soils remains unknown.

Vascular stent with immobilized anti-inflammatory chemerin 15 peptides mitigates neointimal hyperplasia and accelerates vascular healing.

Endovascular stenting is a safer alternative to open surgery for use in treating cerebral arterial stenosis and significantly reduces the recurrence of ischemic stroke, but the widely used bare-metal stents (BMSs) often result in in-stent restenosis (ISR). Although evidence suggests that drug-eluting stents are superior to BMSs in the short term, their long-term performances remain unknown. Herein, we propose a potential vascular stent modified by immobilizing clickable chemerin 15 (C15) peptides on the stent surface to suppress coagulation and restenosis.

Evaluating Model Specification When Using the Parametric G-Formula in the Presence of Censoring.

The noniterative conditional expectation (NICE) parametric g-formula can be used to estimate the causal effect of sustained treatment strategies. In addition to identifiability conditions, the validity of the NICE parametric g-formula generally requires the correct specification of models for time-varying outcomes, treatments, and confounders at each follow-up time point. An informal approach for evaluating model specification is to compare the observed distributions of the outcome, treatments, and confounders with their parametric g-formula estimates under the "natural course.

Causal Effects of Stochastic PrEP Interventions on HIV Incidence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men.

Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but uptake has been limited and inequitable. Although interventions to increase PrEP uptake are being evaluated in clinical trials among men who have sex with men (MSM), those trials cannot evaluate effects on HIV incidence. Estimates from observational studies of the causal effects of PrEP-uptake interventions on HIV incidence can inform decisions about intervention scale-up.

Diversity of platinum-sites at platinum/fullerene interface accelerates alkaline hydrogen evolution.

Membrane-based alkaline water electrolyser is promising for cost-effective green hydrogen production. One of its key technological obstacles is the development of active catalyst-materials for alkaline hydrogen-evolution-reaction (HER). Here, we show that the activity of platinum towards alkaline HER can be significantly enhanced by anchoring platinum-clusters onto two-dimensional fullerene nanosheets.

The Teaching Strategy of Socio-Political Education by Deep Learning Under Educational Psychology.

This study aims to optimize the teaching content of ideological and political courses and guide students to establish correct values. Inspired by Artificial Intelligence, the K-means clustering algorithm was applied to the neural collaborative filtering algorithm through temporal data. Besides, a deep learning algorithm was designed for the improved matrix factorization.

Intervention treatment distributions that depend on the observed treatment process and model double robustness in causal survival analysis.

The generalized g-formula can be used to estimate the probability of survival under a sustained treatment strategy. When treatment strategies are deterministic, estimators derived from the so-called efficient influence function (EIF) for the g-formula will be doubly robust to model misspecification. In recent years, several practical applications have motivated estimation of the g-formula under non-deterministic treatment strategies where treatment assignment at each time point depends on the observed treatment process.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Dipeptide-Based Stilbene Derivatives Bearing a Biheterocyclic Moiety as Potential Fungicides.

The escalating demand for crop production, environmental protection, and food safety warrants the development of new fungicides with greater efficiency, environmental friendliness, and innocuous metabolites to fight against destructive phytopathogens. Herein, we report on the synthesis and antifungal activity of dipeptide-based stilbene derivatives bearing a thiophene-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole fragment for the first time. In vitro bioassay indicated that the target compounds had remarkable antifungal potency superior to previously reported counterparts without a dipeptidyl group, of which compound exhibited the highest activity against with EC values of 106.

Controllable AgNPs encapsulation to construct biocompatible and antibacterial titanium implant.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are progressively becoming an in-demand material for both medical and life use due to their effective antimicrobial properties. The high surface area-to-volume ratio endows AgNPs with enhanced antibacterial capacity accompanied by inevitable cytotoxicity. Surface coating technique could precisely regulate the particle shape, aggregation, and Ag release pattern of AgNPs, by which the cytotoxicity could be significantly reduced.

The Fusion Application of Deep Learning Biological Image Visualization Technology and Human-Computer Interaction Intelligent Robot in Dance Movements.

The paper aims to apply the deep learning-based image visualization technology to extract, recognize, and analyze human skeleton movements and evaluate the effect of the deep learning-based human-computer interaction (HCI) system. Dance education is researched. Firstly, the Visual Geometry Group Network (VGGNet) is optimized using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN).

Aconiti lateralis radix praeparata total alkaloids exert anti-RA effects by regulating NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways and promoting apoptosis.

Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata ("Fuzi" in Chinese) is one of the traditional herbs widely used to intervene rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while Fuzi total alkaloids (FTAs) are the main bioactive components. However, the treatment targets and specific mechanisms of FTAs against RA have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to confirm the anti-rheumatism effects of FTAs and reveal its potential molecular mechanisms.

MULTIPLY ROBUST ESTIMATORS OF CAUSAL EFFECTS FOR SURVIVAL OUTCOMES.

Multiply robust estimators of the longitudinal g-formula have recently been proposed to protect against model misspecification better than the standard augmented inverse probability weighted estimator (Rotnitzky et al., 2017; Luedtke et al., 2018).

Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Adults Worldwide: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare demyelinating disorder that is often misdiagnosed. To improve early diagnosis, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical features, outcomes for ADEM in adults.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies reporting the clinical features of adults with ADEM between January 1990 and May 2021.

Case Report: Diffuse Cerebral Microbleeds in Cerebral Autosomal Recessive Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy.

Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) is a hereditary cerebral small vascular disease caused by a homozygous mutation in the high-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 () gene. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are increasingly being recognized as neuroimaging findings occurring with cerebrovascular disease and have different etiologies. Mild to moderate CMBs are not unusual in CARASIL, and they are observed to affect cortical and subcortical structures; in contrast, diffuse CMBs, especially in the cerebellum, are rare.

Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation combined with conventional rehabilitation training in acute stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial conducted for 1 year involving 60 patients.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (ta-VNS) is a novel noninvasive treat-ment for stroke that directly stimulates the peripheral auricular branch of the vagus nerve. There have been recent reports that ta-VNS combined with conventional rehabilitation training promotes the recovery of neurological function of patients with acute stroke. However, these were small-sample-sized studies on the recovery of neurological function in patients after percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in the subacute and chronic phases after stroke.

Endothelial Dysfunction and Hyperhomocysteinemia-Linked Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Underlying Mechanisms and Treatment Timing.

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD)-a common cause of stroke and vascular dementia-is a group of clinical syndromes that affects the brain's small vessels, including arterioles, capillaries, and venules. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood, and effective treatments are limited. Increasing evidence indicates that an elevated total serum homocysteine level is directly and indirectly associated with cSVD, and endothelial dysfunction plays an active role in this association.