Controlled hypertension under hemostasis prevents post-gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection bleeding: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a prominent minimally invasive operative technique for treating early gastrointestinal tumors but can result in postoperative bleeding. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine whether increasing blood pressure under hemostasis during gastric ESD to identify potential bleeding spots reduces the risk of post-ESD bleeding.

Methods: In this randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial, 309 patients with early gastric cancer who were admitted to a hospital to undergo ESD were recruited from March 2017 to February 2018 and were randomized into intervention and control groups.

Actin related protein 3 (ARP3) promotes apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis.

Apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) promotes the development of ulcerative colitis (UC), a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Efficient clearance of apoptotic cells is essential for tissue homeostasis in metazoans. Actin related protein 3 (ARP3) promotes endothelial dysfunction.

β2-AR regulates the expression of AKR1B1 in human pancreatic cancer cells and promotes their proliferation via the ERK1/2 pathway.

Psychological stress has been recognized as a well-documented risk factor associated with β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) in the development of pancreatic cancer. Aldo-keto reductase 1 member B1 (AKR1B1) is a potential interacting partner of β2-AR, but the effect of their interaction on pancreatic cancer cells is not known at present. We found a positive correlation between AKR1B1 and β2-AR expression in pancreatic cancer tissue samples, and co-localization of these proteins in the human pancreatic cancer BXPC-3 cell line.

A Comparison of Traditional and Novel Methods for the Separation of Exosomes from Human Samples.

Exosomes are discrete populations of small (40-200 nm in diameter) membranous vesicles that are released into the extracellular space by most cell types, eventually accumulating in the circulation. As molecular messengers, exosomes exert a broad array of vital physiologic functions by transporting information between different cell types. Because of these functional properties, they may have potential as biomarker sources for prognostic and diagnostic disease.

Correlation between S100A11 and the TGF-β/SMAD4 pathway and its effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1.

S100A11 as a S100 protein family member has been documented to play dual-direction regulation over cancer cell proliferation. We explored the role of S100A11 in the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 and the potential mechanisms involving the TGF-β/SMAD4/p21 pathway. S100A11 and TGF-β protein expressions in 30 paraffin-embedded specimens were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.

Sex comb on midleg like-2 is a novel specific marker for the diagnosis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Sex comb on midleg like-2 (SCML2) is a polycomb-group protein that encodes transcriptional repressors essential for appropriate development in the fly and in mammals. On the basis of previous findings, the present study aimed to explore the possibility of developing SCML2 into a new diagnostic marker for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). A total of 64 paired GEP-NET tissues and adjacent non-tumorous tissues were obtained from patients who had undergone surgical resection between January 2009 and January 2014, and the expression of SCML2 and two neuroendocrine markers, namely synaptophysin (Syn) and chromogranin A (CgA), in the tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Transplantation of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived oligodendrocytes in the murine model of globoid cell leukodystrophy.

Introduction: Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) is a severe disorder of the central and peripheral nervous system caused by the absence of galactocerebrosidase (GALC) activity. Cell-based therapies are highly promising strategies for GLD. In this study, G-Olig2 mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were induced into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and were implanted into the brains of twitcher mice, an animal model of GLD, to explore the therapeutic potential of the cells.

High expression of peroxiredoxin 4 affects the survival time of colorectal cancer patients, but is not an independent unfavorable prognostic factor.

Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) has a number of important biological functions, such as efficient antioxidant capacity and promotion of cell proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and significance of Prx4 in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to detect Prx4 in 8 freshly frozen specimens of CRC and their adjacent normal tissues.

Serum GP73 is complementary to AFP and GGT-II for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a resident Golgi type II transmembrane protein that has been reported to markedly increase in chronic liver disease, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unclear as to whether serum GP73 represents a reliable serum marker for the diagnosis of HCC. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum GP73 in patients with HCC and to determine the diagnostic accuracy of measuring serum GP73 in combination with α-fetoprotein (AFP) and γ-glutamyl transferase isoenzyme II (GGT-II) in HCC.

Combined analysis of serum γ-glutamyl transferase isoenzyme II, α-L-fucosidase and α-fetoprotein detected using a commercial kit in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

γ-glutamyl transferase isoenzyme II (GGT-II) is a sensitive biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, numerous disadvantages of the traditional manual method affected its application. The commercial kit provided a convenient and fast method for the determination of GGT-II levels.

The expressions and clinical significances of tissue and serum galectin-3 in pancreatic carcinoma.

Purpose: Galectin-3, a member of the beta-galactoside-binding protein family, is involved in many biological processes, including cell proliferation, regulating cell cycle, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, metastasis, etc. The aim of this study is to elucidate the relationship between galectin-3 and clinicopathological variables and to evaluate the clinical significance of serum galectin-3 in the diagnosis of pancreas carcinoma.

Methods: Galectin-3 expression in 78 pairs of pancreatic carcinoma tissues and the adjacent nontumorous tissues was tested by immunohistochemistry.

High expression of S100A11 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an unfavorable prognostic marker.

S100A11 is a member of S100 protein family, and our previous study showed that S100A11 is one of the up-regulated proteins that have not been reported to be associated with pancreatic carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between S100A11 expression and the clinicopathological variables and clinical outcome in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed for S100A11 in 78 pairs of specimens of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent nontumorous tissues.