Association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and risk of depression in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: Evidence from a large national cohort study.

Insulin resistance (IR) has been proposed as a contributing factor to major depressive disorder (MDD), with previous studies reporting a positive correlation between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) a proxy indicator of IR and MDD. However, limited information is available regarding their longitudinal association. This study aimed to clarify the connection between TyG levels and depression risk, as well as explore its predictive potential.

Beyond the Surface: Tracing the Evolution of Inflammatory Mechanism in Depression through Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Depression is a common mental illness that has become a major economic burden worldwide. Recently, increasing evidence has highlighted the inflammatory mechanism of depression. In order to understand the research status of this field, this study used the bibliometric analysis method to overview the research content and progress, as well as analyze the development trend and limitations.

Contagion of depression: a double-edged sword.

Depression is a significant mental health issue with extensive economic implications, and recent studies suggest it may be transmitted between individuals. However, the mechanisms of this contagion remain unclear, and the social buffering effect has been understudied. This research employs three rodent models, including stress crossover, cohabitation-induced, and non-contact induced depression contagion models, to explore these mechanisms.

Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) alleviates depressive-like behaviors in LPS-induced mice.

The role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in regulating oxidative stress and immune responses has been increasingly recognized. However, its involvement in depression and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), an endogenous AhR ligand, on a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression model and the underlying mechanism.

Direct and indirect effects of error monitoring on social functioning in a cohort with high-risk and first-episode psychosis.

Error monitoring plays a key role in people's adjustment to social life. This study aimed to examine the direct (DE) and indirect effects (IDE) of error monitoring, as indicated by error-related negativity (ERN), on social functioning in a clinical cohort from high-risk (APS) to first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study recruited 100 outpatients and 49 healthy controls (HC).

Microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediates diabetes-induced depression-like behavior via triggering neuroinflammation.

Background: Abundant evidence suggests that the prevalence and risk of depression in people with diabetes is high. However, the pathogenesis of diabetes-related depression remains unclear. Since neuroinflammation is associated with the pathophysiology of diabetic complications and depression, this study aims to elucidate the neuroimmune mechanism of diabetes-related depression.

The involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in CUMS-induced AD-like pathological changes and related cognitive decline in mice.

Background: Numerous studies have found that inhibiting the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome can significantly improve depressive-like behaviors in mice, but the research on its effect on cognitive decline in depression and its mechanism is still lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in cognitive decline in depression and explore the common neuro-immunological mechanisms of depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 5 weeks, treatment group was administered with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 (10 mg/kg, i.

Effect of cognitive insight on clinical insight from pre-morbid to early psychosis stages.

Poor cognitive insight, including low self-reflectiveness and high self-certainty, contributes to poor clinical insight, which includes awareness of illness, relabelling of specific symptoms, and treatment compliance. However, inconsistent results regarding cognitive insight among individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR) have been reported. This study investigated the difference in cognitive insight among groups with different severity of positive symptoms and analysed the effect of cognitive insight on clinical insight in each group.

Minocycline prevents the depressive-like behavior through inhibiting the release of HMGB1 from microglia and neurons.

Background: Our previous study reports the causal role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the development of depression; and we find glycyrrhizic acid (GZA) can be a potential treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) considering its inhibition of HMGB1 activity. This study aims to further explore the exact cell types that release HMGB1 in the hippocampus.

Methods: We detected the effects of microglia conditioned medium on primary astrocytes and neurons.

Glycyrrhizic acid as an adjunctive treatment for depression through anti-inflammation: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Recently, abundant evidence indicated proinflammatory cytokines might play a crucial role in pathophysiology and treatment of depression. According to our preclinical research, we propose glycyrrhizic acid (GZA) for an adjunctive treatment owing to its safety, economical and anti-inflammatory profile.

Methods: Eligible participants were recruited and randomly allocated into independent treatment groups of SSRI+GZA (n = 30) and SSRI+PBO (placebo, n = 26).

Brief Mindfulness Meditation Improves Emotion Processing.

Mindfulness-based interventions have previously been shown to have positive effects on psychological well-being. However, the time commitment, teacher shortage, and high cost of classic mindfulness interventions may have hindered efforts to spread the associated benefits to individuals in developing countries. Brief mindfulness meditation (BMM) has recently received attention as a way to disseminate the benefits of mindfulness-based interventions.

FoxO1 is a critical regulator of hepatocyte lipid deposition in chronic stress mice.

Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) is involved in lipid metabolisms. However, its role in chronic stress-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. The scientific premise of our study was based on the finding that FoxO1 expression is increased in the liver of mice after chronic stress.

Sex differences in depressive-like behaviour may relate to imbalance of microglia activation in the hippocampus.

As is reported, the incidence and prevalence of depression are higher in women than in men, but the cause of this sex difference remains elusive. Although recent studies implicated that over-activated microglia played a crucial role in depression, whether hippocampal microglia associates with the sex difference of depressive-like behaviours is intriguing. In the present study, both male and female mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 4 weeks.

Clemastine Alleviates Depressive-Like Behavior Through Reversing the Imbalance of Microglia-Related Pro-inflammatory State in Mouse Hippocampus.

Abundant reports indicate that neuroinflammatory signaling contributes to behavioral complications associated with depression and may be related to treatment response. The glial cells, especially microglia and astrocytes in brain regions of hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), are major components of CNS innate immunity. Moreover, purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2X7R) was recently reckoned as a pivotal regulator in central immune system.

Hippocampal Mrp8/14 signaling plays a critical role in the manifestation of depressive-like behaviors in mice.

Background: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders characterized mainly by low mood and loss of interest or pleasure. About a third of patients with depression do not respond to classic antidepressant treatments. Recent evidence suggests that Mrp8/14 (myeloid-related protein 8/14) plays a crucial role in cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammatory diseases, yet its role in mood regulation remains largely uninvestigated.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common psychotherapy characterized as treating mental diseases, such as depression. Though multiple studies have reported its effect in treatment-resistant depression, no qualified meta-analysis has ever assessed this effect before. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of CBT for treatment-resistant depression patients and its continuous effect.

Corticosterone rapidly improves the endurance of high-intensity exercise (swimming) via nongenomic mechanisms in mice.

Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) take a pivotal role during the stress response. Some clinical studies suggest short-term GCs intake improves exercise endurance. However, whether the rapid nongenomic effects of GCs are involved in acute exercise is still unknown.

Glycyrrhizic acid ameliorates the kynurenine pathway in association with its antidepressant effect.

Our previous study implied the role of central high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behaviors that could partially abrogate by glycyrrhizic acid (GZA). Here, we considered the potential mechanism underlying GZA ameliorating chronic stress-induced depression both in vivo and in vitro. Depression model was established with the 4-week chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice.

HMGB1 mediates depressive behavior induced by chronic stress through activating the kynurenine pathway.

Our previous study has reported that the proactive secretion and role of central high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive behavior. Here, the potential mechanism of HMGB1 mediating chronic-stress-induced depression through the kynurenine pathway (KP) was further explored both in vivo and in vitro. Depression model was established with the 4-week chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).