Phytomonospora endophytica gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the roots of Artemisia annua L.

A novel endophytic actinomycete, strain YIM 65646(T), was isolated from the roots of Artemisia annua L. collected from Yunnan Province, south-west China. Growth was observed in the temperature range 10-40 °C (optimum 20-28 °C) and at pH 6.

Sphingomonas hunanensis sp. nov., isolated from forest soil.

A novel Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, non spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain JSM 083058(T), was isolated from non-saline forest soil in Hunan Province, China. Growth occurred with 0-8% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.5-3%) at pH 6.

Temperature and pH controls on glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipid composition in the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Acidilobus sulfurireducens.

Cyclization in glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) results in internal cyclopentane moieties which are believed to confer thermal stability to crenarchaeal membranes. While the average number of rings per GDGT lipid (ring index) is positively correlated with temperature in many temperate environments, poor correlations are often observed in geothermal environments, suggesting that additional parameters may influence GDGT core lipid composition in these systems. However, the physical and chemical parameters likely to influence GDGT cyclization which are often difficult to decouple in geothermal systems, making it challenging to assess their influence on lipid composition.

Pseudonocardia kunmingensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from surface-sterilized roots of Artemisia annua L.

A Gram-positive, aerobic, actinobacterial strain with rod-shaped spores, designated YIM 63158(T), was isolated from the surface-sterilized roots of Artemisia annua L. collected from Yunnan province, south-west China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM 63158(T) belonged to the genus Pseudonocardia.

Biodiversity, bioactive natural products and biotechnological potential of plant-associated endophytic actinobacteria.

Endophytic actinobacteria, which exist in the inner tissues of living plants, have attracted increasing attention among taxonomists, ecologists, agronomists, chemists and evolutionary biologists. Numerous studies have indicated that these prolific actinobacteria appear to have a capacity to produce an impressive array of secondary metabolites exhibiting a wide variety of biological activity, such as antibiotics, antitumor and anti-infection agents, plant growth promoters and enzymes, and may contribute to their host plants by promoting growth and enhancing their ability of withstanding the environmental stresses. These microorganisms may represent an underexplored reservoir of novel species of potential interest in the discovery of novel lead compounds and for exploitation in pharmaceutical, agriculture and industry.

Paracoccus niistensis sp. nov., isolated from forest soil, India.

A Gram-negative, non-motile, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive, aerobic bacterium designated as NII-0918(T) was isolated from soil sample in Western ghat forest, India. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NII-0918(T) belongs to the subclass α-Proteobacteria, being related to the genus Paracoccus, and sharing highest sequence similarity with Paracoccus chinensis NBRC 104937(T) (99.4%), Paracoccus marinus NBRC 100640(T) (97.

Nonomuraea rhizophila sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from rhizosphere soil.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain YIM 67092(T), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of the perennial vine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. collected from Yunnan province, South-west China.

Paenibacillus algorifonticola sp. nov., isolated from a cold spring.

A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated XJ259(T), was isolated from a cold spring sample from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. The isolate grew optimally at 20-30 °C and pH 7.3-7.

Bacillus hunanensis sp. nov., a slightly halophilic bacterium isolated from non-saline forest soil.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, slightly halophilic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, endospore-forming, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain JSM 081003(T), was isolated from non-saline forest soil in Hunan Province, China. Growth occurred with 0.5-15% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2-4%) at pH 6.

Bacillus xiaoxiensis sp. nov., a slightly halophilic bacterium isolated from non-saline forest soil.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, slightly halophilic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, endospore-forming, motile, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain JSM 081004(T), was isolated from non-saline forest soil in Xiaoxi National Natural Reserve, China. Growth occurred with 0.5-20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2-4 %), at pH 6.

Bacillus zhanjiangensis sp. nov., isolated from an oyster in South China Sea.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, endospore-forming, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain JSM 099021(T), was isolated from an oyster collected from Naozhou Island in the South China Sea. Growth occurred with 0-15% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2-4%) and at pH 6.0-10.

Jeotgalicoccus nanhaiensis sp. nov., isolated from intertidal sediment, and emended description of the genus Jeotgalicoccus.

A novel non-sporulating, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, Gram-positive-staining coccus, strain JSM 077023(T), was isolated from an intertidal sediment sample collected from Naozhou Island in the South China Sea, China. Growth occurred in the presence of 0.5-25 % (w/v) NaCl [optimum, 2-5 % (w/v) NaCl] and at pH 5.

Description of Catellibacterium caeni sp. nov., reclassification of Rhodobacter changlensis Anil Kumar et al. 2007 as Catellibacterium changlense comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Catellibacterium.

A novel non-sporulating, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated DCA-1(T), was isolated from activated sludge collected from a butachlor wastewater treatment facility. The strain was able to degrade about 85 % of 100 mg butachlor l(-1) within 5 days of incubation. Growth occurred in the presence of 0-6 % (w/v) NaCl [optimum, 1 % (w/v) NaCl] and at pH 5.

Pseudonocardia sichuanensis sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinomycete isolated from the root of Jatropha curcas L.

A novel isolate, designated strain KLBMP 1115(T) was isolated from the surface-sterilized root of oil-seed plant Jatropha curcas L. collected from Sichuan Province, south-west China. Characterization of the isolate was based on a polyphasic approach.

Nocardia endophytica sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from the oil-seed plant Jatropha curcas L.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain KLBMP 1256(T), was isolated from a surface-sterilized stem of the oil-seed plant Jatropha curcas L. collected from Sichuan Province, south-west China, and was characterized to determine its taxonomic position. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolate was closely related to members of the genus Nocardia in the family Nocardiaceae, being most closely related to Nocardia callitridis CAP 290(T) (98.

Actinopolyspora alba sp. nov. and Actinopolyspora erythraea sp. nov., isolated from a salt field, and reclassification of Actinopolyspora iraqiensis Ruan et al. 1994 as a heterotypic synonym of Saccharomonospora halophila.

Three actinomycetal strains, designated YIM 90479, YIM 90480(T) and YIM 90600(T), were isolated from a salt field in Xinjiang province, North-west China and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic study. All three strains were moderately halophilic and were able to grow on agar at NaCl concentrations of up to 20-25 % (w/v). No growth was observed in the absence of NaCl.

[Biomechanical research of antegrade intramedullary fixation for the metacarpal fractures].

Objective: To study the biomechanical characteristics of antegrade intramedullary fixation for metacarpal fractures.

Methods: From March to May 2008, both the 4th and 5th metacarpals from 25 formalin embalmed cadaver hands had three-point bending test after transverse osteotomy followed by randomly fixation with one of the following three methods: plate and screw, antegrade intramedullary K-wire, crossed K-wire. While, both the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals had torsional loading test after the same management as the 4th and 5th metacarpal had undergone.

Bacillus luteolus sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from a salt field.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, motile, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated YIM 93174(T), was isolated from a salt field in Korea. Cells of this strain were rod-shaped and formed pale tangerine colonies and grew at pH 6.0-8.

Myceligenerans halotolerans sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from a salt lake, and emended description of the genus Myceligenerans.

A halotolerant actinomycete strain, designated XJEEM 11063(T), was isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-western China. Strain XJEEM 11063(T) grew at pH 6.0-8.

Pseudonocardia artemisiae sp. nov., isolated from surface-sterilized Artemisia annua L.

A novel actinomycete strain, designated YIM 63587(T), was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of Artemisia annua L. collected from Yunnan province, south-west China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM 63587(T) was affiliated to the genus Pseudonocardia.

Bacillus nanhaiensis sp. nov., isolated from an oyster.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, slightly halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, endospore-forming, motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain JSM 082006(T), was isolated from an oyster collected from Naozhou Island in the South China Sea. The isolate grew in 0-18 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.5-4.

Jeotgalibacillus soli sp. nov., isolated from non-saline forest soil, and emended description of the genus Jeotgalibacillus.

A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain JSM 081008(T), was isolated from non-saline forest soil in China. Strain JSM 081008(T) was able to grow with 0-20% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 6.0-10.

Zhihengliuella salsuginis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic actinobacterium from a subterranean brine.

A novel moderately halophilic, alkaliphilic, non-motile, non-sporulating, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, aerobic, coccus-shaped, Gram-positive bacterium, designated strain JSM 071043(T), was isolated from a subterranean brine sample collected from a salt mine in Hunan Province, China. Growth occurred with 0.5-20% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 5-10%) at pH 6.

Yaniella soli sp. nov., a new actinobacterium isolated from non-saline forest soil in China.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, slightly halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic, non-motile, non-sporulating, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, aerobic bacterium, designated strain JSM 070026(T), was isolated from non-saline forest soil in China. Growth occurred with 0-20% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2-4%) and at pH 6.0-10.

Nonomuraea endophytica sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from Artemisia annua L.

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile actinomycete strain, designated YIM 65601(T), was studied by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain YIM 65601(T) should be assigned to the genus Nonomuraea, with highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Nonomuraea candida HMC10(T) (98.8 %), N.