A tripartite transcriptional module regulates protoderm specification during embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.

Protoderm formation is a crucial step in early embryo patterning in plants, separating the precursors of the epidermis and the inner tissues. Although key regulators such as ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA MERISTEM LAYER1 (ATML1) and PROTODERMAL FACTOR2 (PDF2) have been identified in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the genetic pathways controlling protoderm specification remain largely unexplored. Here, we combined genetic, cytological, and molecular approaches to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of protoderm specification in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Field-Induced Polarization Rotation in Order-Disorder (K,Na)NbO-Based Ferroelectrics.

Phase boundary is highly recognized for its capability in engineering various physical properties of ferroelectrics. Here, field-induced polarization rotation is reported in a high-performance (K, Na)NbO-based ferroelectric system at the rhombohedral-tetragonal phase boundary. First, the lattice structure is examined from both macroscopic and local scales, implementing Rietveld refinement and pair distribution function analysis, respectively.

An integrated "Engage & Evasion" approach for mononuclear phagocyte system escape and efficient extracellular vesicle therapy.

Ischemic diseases are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality, posing a substantial threat to human health. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in enhancing neovascularization in ischemic tissues, thereby facilitating tissue repair and regeneration. However, the utilization of EVs is hindered by their rapid uptake and clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), which markedly impedes their therapeutic efficacy and organ-specific accumulation.

Heat-stress-induced ROS in maize silks cause late pollen tube growth arrest and sterility.

The reproductive phase of plants is highly sensitive to ambient temperature stresses. To investigate sensitivity of female reproductive organs in grass crops during the pollination phase, we exposed the elongated stigma (silk) of maize to ambient environment at the silking stage. Moderate heat stress causes cell death of silk hair cells but did not affect early pollen tube growth inside the silk.

CDC48A, an interactor of WOX2, is required for embryonic patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Interactor of WOX2, CDC48A, is crucial for early embryo patterning and shoot meristem stem cell initiation, but is not required for WOX2 protein turnover or subcellular localization. During Arabidopsis embryo patterning, the WUSCHEL HOMEOBOX 2 (WOX2) transcription factor is a major regulator of protoderm and shoot stem cell initiation. Loss of WOX2 function results in aberrant protodermal cell divisions and, redundantly with its paralogs WOX1, WOX3, and WOX5, compromised shoot meristem formation.

Multiscale Structural Engineering Boosts Piezoelectricity in NaBiNbO-Based High-Temperature Piezoceramics.

High-temperature piezoelectric materials, which enable the accurate and reliable sensing of physical parameters to guarantee the functional operation of various systems under harsh conditions, are highly demanded. To this end, both large piezoelectricity and high Curie temperature are pivotal figures of merit (FOMs) for high-temperature piezoceramics. Unfortunately, despite intensive pursuits, it remains a formidable challenge to unravel the inverse correlation between these FOMs.

Enhancing ESL learner's literacy by peer-assisted learning strategy of online English news.

As a result of globalization, countries are collaborating more and sharing more information. People's perspectives now encompass both domestic and international news. In English as a Second Language (ESL) classes, the appropriate use of rich and vibrant online English news resources gives second language learners (L2 learners) direct access to first-hand, authentic English knowledge through independent reading and digestion, as well as peer-assisted classroom activities.

Hepatectomy combined with apatinib and camrelizumab for CNLC stage IIIb hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase II trial protocol.

Introduction: Current clinical guidelines recommend systematic antitumour therapy as the primary treatment option for patients with stage IIIb hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the China liver cancer (CNLC) staging criteria. Several different targeted therapeutics have been applied in combination with immunotherapeutic regimens to date in patients with advanced HCC. The present study was developed to evaluate the relative safety and efficacy of hepatectomy of HCC in combination with targeted apatinib treatment and immunotherapeutic camrelizumab treatment CNLC-IIIb stage HCC patients with the goal of providing evidence regarding the potential value of this therapeutic regimen in individuals diagnosed with advanced HCC.

Development of social anxiety cognition scale for college students: Basing on Hofmann's model of social anxiety disorder.

Introduction: To develop the Chinese version of the Social Anxiety Cognition Scale for College Students (SACS-CS) based on Hofmann's model of social anxiety disorder and examine its reliability and validity.

Methods: Based on literature analysis and structured interviews, a theoretical model was constructed and behavioral examples were collected. According to the results of participants' and experts' evaluations, the initial SACS-CS was developed.

Piezoelectric Materials and Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: Fundamental Aspects, Current Status, and Future Perspectives.

Structural health monitoring technology can assess the status and integrity of structures in real time by advanced sensors, evaluate the remaining life of structure, and make the maintenance decisions on the structures. Piezoelectric materials, which can yield electrical output in response to mechanical strain/stress, are at the heart of structural health monitoring. Here, we present an overview of the recent progress in piezoelectric materials and sensors for structural health monitoring.

The pathogenesis of superior mesenteric artery dissection: An in-depth study based on fluid-structure interaction and histology analysis.

Objective: To explore the role of hemodynamic factors in the occurrence of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) dissection (SMAD) using a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation method, and to identify histopathologic changes occurring in the wall of the SMA.

Methods: A total of 122 consecutive patients diagnosed with SMAD and 122 controls were included in this study. Hemodynamic factors were calculated using a FSI simulation method.

Prognostic significance of combined α-fetoprotein and CA19-9 for hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy.

Background: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) varies considerably among patients with the same disease stage and characteristics, and only about two thirds show high levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP), a common prognostic indicator for HCC. Here, we assessed whether the combination of presurgical serum levels of AFP and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) can predict the prognosis of HCC patients after hepatectomy.

Methods: The clinicopathological characteristics and post-hepatectomy outcomes of 711 HCC patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Sparse Bayesian Model and Artificial Intelligence in Enterprise Goodwill Evaluation and Dynamic Management.

With the rapid development of mobile Internet information technology, automated search text has occupied a leading position in many industries. This article not only makes a detailed case study on the basic working principles of text feature extraction and classification methods but also makes in-depth case analysis on the extraction algorithm and its basic concepts as well as some problems that may be encountered in text feature classification and explained their advantages and disadvantages in detail. Aiming at the shortcomings of various algorithms, a sparse Bayesian probability model is proposed, so that it can better meet the requirements of database and text classification and further improve related technologies.

The efficacy of a paeoniflorin-sodium alginate-gelatin skin scaffold for the treatment of diabetic wound: An in vivo study in a rat model.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of a paeoniflorin-sodium alginate (SA)-gelatin skin scaffold for treating diabetic wound in a rat model.

Methods: Bioinks were prepared using various percentages of paeoniflorin in the total weight of a solution containing SA and gelatin. Skin scaffolds containing 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10% paeoniflorin were printed using 3D bioprinting technology, and scaffold microstructure was observed with scanning electron microscopy.

Isolated-Oxygen-Vacancy Hardening in Lead-Free Piezoelectrics.

Defect engineering is a well-established approach to customize the functionalities of perovskite oxides. In demanding high-power applications of piezoelectric materials, acceptor doping serves as the state-of-the-art hardening approach, but inevitably deteriorates the electromechanical properties. Here, a new hardening effect associated with isolated oxygen vacancies for achieving well-balanced performances is proposed.

Guest-Induced Planar-Chiral Pillar[5]arene Surface for Selectively Adsorbing Protein Based on Host-Guest Chemistry.

In living systems, the adsorption of a protein on biointerfaces is a universal phenomenon, such as the specific binding of an antibody and antigen, which plays an important role in body growth and life maintenance. The exploration of a protein-selective adsorption on the biointerface is of great significance for understanding the life process and treatment in vitro. Herein, on the basis of biomimetic strategies, we fabricated a planar-chiral NH-pillar[5]arene modified silicon surface (R-/S-NP5 surfaces) for a highly enantioselective adsorption of protein by taking advantage of the guest-induced planar chirality of pillar[5]arenes.

Phosphate Overload Stimulates Inflammatory Reaction via PiT-1 and Induces Vascular Calcification in Uremia.

Objective: Vascular calcification (VC) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Hyperphosphatemia and microinflammation statement are known major contributors to the development of VC; however, the mechanisms are unknown. The aims of this study were to explore the risk factors of VC in MHD patients and to explore whether high phosphate could increase the secretion of inflammatory cytokines via PiT-1 in monocytes.

Characteristics of purified anti-β2GPI IgG N-glycosylation associate with thrombotic, obstetric and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome.

Objective: Anti-β-2 glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) antibodies, defined as primary pathogenic antibody in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). It has been reported that IgG Fc N-glycosylation affects IgG effector, we aim to investigate the association of Fc glycosylation profiles of purified anti-β2GP1 IgG with clinical features of APS.

Methods: We purify anti-β2GPI IgG and total IgG from 82 APS patients including nine catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) patients, as well as total IgG from 103 healthy controls to quantitatively analyse all detectable Fc N-glycanforms of all IgG subclasses with Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) method based on UPLC-ESI-QqQ mass spectrometry.

Local NF-κB Activation Promotes Parathyroid Hormone Synthesis and Secretion in Uremic Patients.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in uremic patients is characterized by parathyroid gland (PTG) hyperplasia and parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation. Previously, we demonstrated that NF-κB activation contributed to parathyroid cell proliferation in rats with chronic kidney disease. Although vitamin D inhibits inflammation and ameliorates SHPT, the contribution of vitamin D deficiency to SHPT via local NF-κB activation remains to be clarified.

Discovery of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors from Kadsura coccinea by affinity ultrafiltration mass spectrometry and the anti-inflammatory activity.

The medicinal plant Kadsura coccinea distributing in South China, was widely used for reducing inflammation and relieving pain. Previous study in our laboratory had proved the significant therapeutic effects of K. coccinea extract on adjuvant arthritis rats.

Fabrication of amine functionalized CdSe@SiO nanoparticles as fluorescence nanosensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of picric acid.

In this work, amino functionalized CdSe-silica core-shell nanoparticles (NH-CdSe@SiO NPs) were constructed as probe to detect picric acid (PA). The CdSe QDs were embedded in SiO nanoparticles and modified with amino groups on the surface. The nitro explosives are electron deficient in nature, which will have stronger affinity for amines and resulted in fluorescence quenching of quantum dots.

Deep reinforcement learning based valve scheduling for pollution isolation in water distribution network.

Public water supply facilities are vulnerable to intentional intrusion. In particular, Water Distribution Network (WDN) has become one of the most important public facilities that are prone to be attacked because of its wide coverage and constant open operation. In recent years, water contamination incidents happen frequently, causing serious losses and impacts to the society.