Phylogenetic Analysis of Small Hive Beetles From Native to Introduced Populations.

The small hive beetle (SHB), a social parasite of beehives, is native to sub-Saharan Africa and has spread to America, Europe, and Australia. Recently, these beetles invaded China, causing widespread colony collapses in the honeybee, . In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the beetle genome from its native range (Africa), a region that was invaded by SHBs nearly 30 years ago (America), and more recent invasions (Asia).

Retro-protein XXA is a remarkable solubilizing fusion tag for inclusion bodies.

Background: Producing large amounts of soluble proteins from bacteria remains a challenge, despite the help of current various solubilizing fusion tags. Thus, developing novel tags is necessary. Antifreeze protein (AFP) has excellent solubility and hydrophilicity, but there are no current reports on its use as a solubilizing fusion tag.

Haplotype Analysis of and Deformed Wing Virus Using Long Reads.

As a phoretic parasite and virus vector, the mite and the associated Deformed wing virus (DWV) form a lethal combination to the honey bee, . Routine acaricide treatment has been reported to reduce the diversity of mites and select for tolerance against these treatments. Further, different DWV strains face selective pressures when transmitted via mites.