Outbreak.info Research Library: a standardized, searchable platform to discover and explore COVID-19 resources.

Outbreak.info Research Library is a standardized, searchable interface of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) publications, clinical trials, datasets, protocols and other resources, built with a reusable framework. We developed a rigorous schema to enforce consistency across different sources and resource types and linked related resources.

Outbreak.info Research Library: A standardized, searchable platform to discover and explore COVID-19 resources.

To combat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, scientists have been conducting research at breakneck speeds, producing over 52,000 peer-reviewed articles within the first year. To address the challenge in tracking the vast amount of new research located in separate repositories, we developed outbreak.info Research Library, a standardized, searchable interface of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 resources.

Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism: low molecular weight heparin compared to the selective anticoagulants rivaroxaban, dabigatran and fondaparinux.

Newer therapeutic options available in the prevention of postoperative thromboembolism, currently focused on fondaparinux, rivaroxaban and dabigatran warrant an overall therapeutic assessment. The constitutive comparisons with enoxaparin are based on a combined outcome measure solely driven by the incidence of "asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis". Its validity as a clinically relevant endpoint is missing if antithrombotics of different classes are compared.

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of a medium-molecular-weight heparin in comparison with UFH and LMWH.

Despite the well-established medical use of heparins, the question arises whether the efficacy-safety ratio of the available heparins can still be improved. Therefore, a medium-molecular-weight heparin (MMWH), a new heparin with an average molecular weight of 10.5 kDa and a narrow molecular weight range (9.

Short-term treatment of primary fibromyalgia with the 5-HT3-receptor antagonist tropisetron. Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial in 418 patients.

We investigated the efficacy and tolerability of short-term treatment with tropisetron, a selective, competitive 5-HT3-receptor antagonist in fibromyalgia. The trial was designed as a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, dose-finding study. We randomly assigned 418 patients suffering from primary fibromyalgia to receive either placebo, 5 mg, 10 mg or 15 mg tropisetron once daily for 10 days.

Treatment of acute ischemic stroke with the low-molecular-weight heparin certoparin: results of the TOPAS trial. Therapy of Patients With Acute Stroke (TOPAS) Investigators.

Background And Purpose: To study the safety and efficacy of the low-molecular-weight heparin certoparin, we performed a randomized, double-blind, dose-finding multicenter trial in patients with acute ischemic stroke (Therapy of Patients With Acute Stroke [TOPAS]).

Methods: We randomized 404 patients to 4 treatment groups within 12 hours of stroke onset: 3000 U anti-factor Xa (aXa) certoparin once daily (treatment group 1); 3000 U aXa twice daily (group 2); 5000 U aXa twice daily (group 3); and 8000 U aXa twice daily (group 4). The primary efficacy variable was the proportion of patients reaching a favorable functional outcome (Barthel Index >/=90 points) at 3 months.

Treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome with 5-HT3 receptor antagonists--preliminary results.

Objective: The serotonin system presumably is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Results from a few studies led to the hypothesis of a "postsynaptic hyperresponsiveness" in CFS. Therefore we intended to evaluate the efficacy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in the treatment of CFS.

Effect of reserpine treatment on low-density lipoproteins in arterial wall and internal organs of rats.

The effects were determined in rats of single injections of reserpine at increasing doses (0.5, 1.58, and 5.

Effects of reserpine on expression of the LDL receptor in liver and on plasma and tissue lipids, low density lipoprotein and fibrinogen in rabbits in vivo.

The effects of administering reserpine (0.1 mg/kg) or 17alpha-ethinyloestradiol (2.5 mg/kg) to New Zealand White rabbits on low density lipoprotein receptors in liver, on plasma low density lipoprotein and fibrinogen and on plasma and tissue lipids were determined.

Conjectures and refutations on the mode of action of heparins. The limited importance of anti-factor xa activity as a pharmaceutical mechanism and a yardstick for therapy.

Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), like unfractionated heparin (UFH), exert their action primarily by accelerating the interaction between antithrombin (AT) and thrombin. At the levels of aXa activity that are attained in human pharmacology, it does not cause significant (>15%) inhibition of the clotting system. The essential differences between LMWHs and UFH are: (a) LMWHs attain higher plasma concentrations after subcutaneous injection (high bioavailability), and (b) in contrast to LMWHs, UFH contains very large heparin molecules with a putative hemorrhagic action.

The effect of fluvastatin on cardiac events in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease during one year of treatment.

The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the cholesterol-lowering effect of fluvastatin on the incidence of cardiac events in hyperlipidaemic patients with symptomatic, clinically-diagnosed (exercise-ECG) coronary heart disease (CHD) during 1 year of treatment. Exercise tolerance, incidence of angina pectoris episodes, use of anti-anginal medication and intimal-medial-thickness (IMT subgroup) of the A. carotis were secondary endpoints.

Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of a low-dose combination of isradipine and spirapril in the first-line treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.

To investigate the concept of initiating therapy with low doses of a calcium antagonist and an ACE inhibitor, a fixed combination of isradipine 2.5 mg plus the ACE inhibitor spirapril 3 mg was compared with its components, with the full-dose monotherapies (isradipine 5 mg or spirapril 6 mg), and with placebo. After a 2-week wash out phase in pretreated patients and a subsequent 2-week placebo period, 405 patients with a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 100 and 114 mmHg were randomly allocated to 12-week once-daily double-blind treatment in one of the six treatment arms.

Low-dose reserpine/thiazide combination in first-line treatment of hypertension: efficacy and safety compared to an ACE inhibitor.

The concept of initiating treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension with a low-dose combination of reserpine and the thiazide clopamide in comparison to monotherapy with an ACE inhibitor was investigated. A total of 127 adult outpatients with diastolic blood pressure between 100 and 114 mmHg were randomized into this double-blind, parallel group study. After a 2-week wash-out period and a subsequent 2-week placebo run-in period, they were allocated to once-daily treatment with 0.

Different concepts in first-line treatment of essential hypertension. Comparison of a low-dose reserpine-thiazide combination with nitrendipine monotherapy. German Reserpine in Hypertension Study Group.

Low-dose combination therapy has been proposed as a rational first-line approach to hypertension treatment. We compared the efficacy and tolerability of the fixed combination of reserpine (0.1 mg) plus the thiazide clopamid (5 mg) with its single components and the calcium-antagonist nitrendipine (20 mg) in a randomized, double-blind, parallel study of 273 hypertensive patients with diastolic blood pressure (BP) between 100 and 114 mm Hg.

Early institution of bromocriptine in Parkinson's disease inhibits the emergence of levodopa-associated motor side effects. Long-term results of the PRADO study.

Long-term levodopa treatment in Parkinson's disease is typically associated with "motor side effects" consisting in dyskinesias and/or fluctuations in motility referred to as the on-off phenomena. The main objective of this prospective, randomized, multi-centre study was to determine to what extent the development of such complications could be prevented by partial substitution of levodopa monotherapy (L-DOPA/benserazide) by bromocriptine in patients with early symptoms of the disease. The basic trial population included 674 newly diagnosed Parkinsonian patients that were randomly allocated to monotherapy with levodopa or a combination therapy based upon a nearly 40% replacement of levodopa by bromocriptine.

Long-term maintenance therapy with cyclosporine and posttreatment survey in severe psoriasis: results of a multicenter study. German Multicenter Study.

Background: Although cyclosporine has been found to be effective therapy for severe psoriasis, only limited data exist about efficacy and safety during long-term treatment with a low-dose regimen. Furthermore, little is known about the course of psoriasis after drug withdrawal.

Objective: Our purpose was to assess the results of long-term therapy with cyclosporine for severe psoriasis with particular regard to efficacy and safety, as well as the disease course after stopping treatment.

Anticoagulant and antithrombotic actions of a semisynthetic beta-1,3-glucan sulfate.

Sulfation of the natural polysaccharide curdlan results in anticoagulantly active beta-1,3-glucan sulfates whose activity depends on various structural parameters. In this study the anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects of one of these beta-1,3-glucan sulfates (GS) were compared with those of a porcine mucosal heparin. GS produced a concentration dependent anticoagulant effect in all the global coagulation assays with the exception of the anti-Xa assay.

Short-duration treatment of fingernail dermatophytosis: a randomized, double-blind study with terbinafine and griseofulvin. LAGOS III Study Group.

Background: Dermatophytic infections of the fingernail can be effectively treated with oral antifungal agents; however, a long duration of treatment, generally several months, is required for cure.

Objective: Our purpose was to compare the efficacies of short-duration treatment with terbinafine and griseofulvin in the management of fingernail dermatophytosis.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind study 180 patients with fingernail dermatophytosis were treated with daily doses of either terbinafine, 250 mg/day, or microsized griseofulvin, 500 mg/day, for 12 weeks.

[Vasoselective, substance-specific actions of isradipine on the great arteries of hypertensives in comparison to metoprolol].

The effects of isradipine (Lomir, CAS 75695-93-1) and metoprolol (CAS 37350-58-6) on geometry and arterial compliance of the arteria brachialis of 14 patients each with essential hypertension were compared acutely and after three months of therapy by means of pulsed Doppler sonography and the determination of pulse wave velocity. A calculation model was used that allowed to determine the drug-specific effects on arterial diameter and compliance under isobaric conditions. Isradipine increased measured and isobaric diameter during short-term (p < 0.

Single daily administration of spirapril in the treatment of essential hypertension. A multicentre double-blind comparison of 1, 6, 12 and 24 mg of spirapril once daily.

A total of 171 male and female patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension [diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 100-115 mmHg] entered this randomized, double-blind, multicentre study. A 3-week placebo run-in period was followed by a 5-week active-treatment period during which patients received either 1, 6, 12 or 24 mg of spirpril once daily. Predose sitting blood pressure was taken in the morning by sphygmomanometer as well as by an automatic device (Tonoprint).

Highly purified omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids for topical treatment of psoriasis. Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study.

We report the results of a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of topical therapy with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3-PUFA) in 52 patients suffering from moderate plaque-type psoriasis. In each patient, two similar stable psoriatic plaques served as indicator lesions for the study. One indicator lesion was randomly assigned to treatment with topical preparations of highly purified omega-3-PUFA in one of two concentrations (1 or 10%), and the other was treated with placebo.

Intrinsic effect of antihypertensive treatment with isradipine and metoprolol on large artery geometric and elastic properties.

The effects of isradipine and metoprolol were studied on the brachial arteries of two groups of 14 patients with hypertension, 90 minutes after the first dose and after 3 months of treatment. Diameter (pulsed Doppler) and compliance (pulse-wave velocity) were measured and calculated in isobaric conditions by way of a model that allowed discrimination of the active intrinsic drug action. Isradipine increased measured and isobaric diameter during short-term (p < 0.

[Circadian antihypertensive action and tolerability of a sustained-release form of isradipine in an intra-individual comparison with nitrendipine].

Antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of a 4-week treatment each with the modified release formulation of the calcium antagonist isradipine (5 mg; Lomir SRO, CAS 75695-93-1) were compared with those of nitrendipine (20 mg) (both with morning intake) in 51 patients with mild to moderate hypertension using a double-blind, intraindividual crossover study. Blood pressure was measured over 24 h at the end of a 2-week placebo phase and after both treatment phases by means of a continuous ambulatory recording device. Upon statistical evaluation of all patients with 3 complete 24-h profiles (n = 44) and combined analysis of data from same treatments the following 24-h mean values were obtained: blood pressure (syst.

Effect of short-term antihypertensive therapy on left ventricular wall tension. A double-blind comparison of isradipine and nifedipine.

The comparative efficacy of the calcium antagonists isradipine and nifedipine in reducing left ventricular peak systolic wall tension was assessed in 25 patients with essential hypertension (20 men, 5 women; mean age: 49 years). After 2 weeks of treatment with either isradipine (2.5 mg twice daily) or slow-release nifedipine (20 mg twice daily), blood pressure was similarly reduced in both groups of patients whereas the thickness of the interventricular septum and left ventricular free wall did not change.