Donor C1 Group KIR-ligand inferiority is linked to increased mortality in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide.

Background Aims: In HLA-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), HLA-C1 group killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) ligands have been linked to graft-versus-host disease, whereas C2 homozygosity was associated with increased relapses. The differential impact of the recipients versus the donor's HLA-C KIR ligands cannot be determined in HLA-identical HSCT but may be elucidated in the haploidentical setting, in which HLA-C (including the HLA-C KIR ligand group) mismatching is frequently present.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated the effect of recipient versus donor C1 ligand content on survival and complications in post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy)-based haploidentical HSCT (n = 170).

Impact of early cyclosporine A levels on acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using in vivo T-cell depletion.

Background Aims: Cyclosporin A (CsA) remains a major component of immunosuppressive regimens applied in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The impact of CsA trough levels during the first weeks after HSCT has not yet been investigated specifically in anti-T-lymphocyte globulin (ATLG)-based HSCT from matched related and unrelated donors.

Methods: To address this issue, we have retrospectively examined 307 consecutive matched related (n = 145) and unrelated (n = 162) HSCTs, using peripheral blood stem cells or bone marrow.

Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma: Risk Factors and Outcomes in the Era of New Therapeutic Options-A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Despite major treatment advances, multiple myeloma remains incurable. The outcome of patients who are refractory to immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies is poor, and improved treatment strategies for this difficult-to-treat patient population are an unmet medical need.

Methods: This retrospective, unicentric analysis included 38 patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma or plasma cell leukemia who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) between 2013 and 2022.

Successful SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Program in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients-A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis.

(1) Background: mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are effective but show varied efficacy in immunocompromised patients, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. (2) Methods: A retrospective study on 167 HSCT recipients assessed humoral response to two mRNA vaccine doses, using the manufacturer cut-off of ≥7.1 BAU/mL, and examined factors affecting non-response.

CAR virus receptor mediates erythroid differentiation and migration and is downregulated in MDS.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are myeloid neoplasms presenting with dysplasia in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral cytopenia. In most patients anemia develops. We screened for genes that are expressed abnormally in erythroid progenitor cells (EP) and contribute to the pathogenesis of MDS.

Impact of the Recipient's Pre-Treatment Blood Lymphocyte Count on Intended and Unintended Effects of Anti-T-Lymphocyte Globulin in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

In allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), Anti-T-Lymphocyte Globulin (ATLG) may be used for the prevention of severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). ATLG targets both the recipient's lymphocytes and those transferred with the graft. Assuming an inverse relation between the recipient's absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and exposure of remaining ATLG to the graft, we aim to evaluate the impact of the recipient's ALC before the first ATLG administration on the benefits (prevention of GVHD and GVHD-associated mortality) and potential risks (increased relapse incidence) associated with ATLG.

Adverse impact of a high CD4/CD8 ratio in the allograft may be overcome by methotrexate- but not mycophenolate- or post-transplant cyclophosphamide-based graft versus host disease prophylaxis.

Introduction: A high CD4/CD8 T cell ratio in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) allografts was observed to predict graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) but has not been comparatively examined in settings of various GVHD-prophylaxis regimens.

Methods: This retrospective monocentric study included all consecutive HSCT performed with peripheral blood stem cells between January 2000 and June 2021. The impact of the graft CD4/CD8 ratio was analyzed in three cohorts with different GVHD-prophylaxis platforms.

Efficacy and safety of voriconazole as invasive fungal infection prophylaxis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are commonly observed in patients, who are at high risk of severe infections during the neutropenic phase. The aim of this retrospective single-center study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of voriconazole as a fungal prophylaxis after induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adult patients. Six proven/probable IFIs were diagnosed in 213 patients with AML (median age 61 years, range 18-85), who received a total of 377 induction chemotherapies.

Impact of age on the cumulative risk of transformation in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia.

In older patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) and limited life expectancy due to age and or comorbidities, it is particularly important to consider the risk of transformation for individualised treatment decisions. There is limited information on potential differences between younger and older CMML patients regarding the cumulative risk of transformation as well as haematological, molecular and biologic characteristics. We analysed data from the Austrian Biodatabase for CMML (ABCMML) to compare these parameters in 518 CMML patients.

Relapse Protection Following Early Cytomegalovirus Reactivation after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Is Limited to HLA-C Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Ligand Homozygous Recipients.

Although the risk for nonrelapse mortality (NRM) associated with early cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation (CMVR) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is well established, debate is ongoing on whether CMVR may reduce the risk of primary disease relapse. The aim of this study was to evaluate relapse protection following early CMV reactivation after HSCT in the context of the recipient HLA-C killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor ligands (KIRLs). In this retrospective bicentric study, 406 matched related or unrelated donor transplantations for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were stratified by HLA-C KIRL group (homozygous versus heterozygous) and analyzed separately for the impact of early CMVR on the cumulative incidences of relapse, NRM, and acute and chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) using landmark and multistate analyses.

Recommendations for ibrutinib treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation and/or elevated cardiovascular risk.

Ibrutinib is the first clinically approved inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, an enzyme that is essential for survival and proliferation of B‑cells by activating the B‑cell receptor signalling pathway. Ibrutinib has been shown to be highly effective in B‑cell malignancies in clinical trials and is recommended in current international guidelines as a first and/or second line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The drug has a favorable tolerability and safety profile but the occurrence of specific side effects (e.

The Austrian biodatabase for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (ABCMML) : A representative and useful real-life data source for further biomedical research.

In the Austrian biodatabase for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (ABCMML) clinicolaboratory real-life data have been captured from 606 CMML patients from 14 different hospitals over the last 30 years. It is the only large biodatabase worldwide in which functional methods such as semisolid in vitro cultures complement modern molecular methods such as next generation sequencing. This provides the possibility to comprehensively study the biology of CMML.

Intensive consolidation with G-CSF support: Tolerability, safety, reduced hospitalization, and efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia patients ≥60 years.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of intensified consolidation therapy employing fludarabine and ARA-C in cycle 1 and intermediate-dose ARA-C (IDAC) in cycles 2 through 4, in elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and to analyze the effects of pegfilgrastim on the duration of neutropenia, overall toxicity, and hospitalization-time during consolidation in these patients. Thirty nine elderly patients with de novo AML (median age 69.9 years) who achieved complete remission (CR) after induction-chemotherapy were analyzed.

HLA-C KIR-Ligands Determine the Impact of Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) on Graft versus Host and Graft versus Leukemia Effects Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulins (ATGs) are widely used for the prevention of acute and chronic graft versus host disease (aGVHD, cGVHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, most prospective and retrospective studies did not reveal an overall survival (OS) benefit associated with ATG. Homozygosity for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C group 1 killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor ligands (KIR-L), i.

The long-term recurrence risk of patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism: an observational cohort study.

Unlabelled: Essentials Long-term recurrence risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is uncertain. We performed a prospective cohort study of 839 patients with first unprovoked VTE. VTE recurrence risk is high, particularly in men with proximal thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.

Karyotype plus NPM1 mutation status defines a group of elderly patients with AML (≥60 years) who benefit from intensive post-induction consolidation therapy.

Although it is generally appreciated that a subset of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) may benefit from intensive consolidation, little is known about variables predicting such benefit. We analyzed 192 consecutive patients with de novo AML aged ≥60 years who were treated with intensive chemotherapy. About 115 patients (60%) achieved complete hematologic remission (CR).

Key Data Elements in Myeloid Leukemia.

Data standards consisting of key data elements for clinical routine and trial documentation harmonize documentation within and across different health care institutions making documentation more efficient and improving scientific data analysis. This work focusses on the field of myeloid leukemia (ML), where a semantic core of common data elements (CDEs) in routine and trial documentation is established by automatic UMLS-based form analysis of existing documentation models. These CDEs (n = 227) were initially reviewed and commented by leukemia experts before they were systematically surveyed by an international voting process through seven hematologists of four countries.

Total body irradiation with volumetric modulated arc therapy: Dosimetric data and first clinical experience.

Background: To implement total body irradiation (TBI) using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). We applied the Varian RapidArc™ software to calculate and optimize the dose distribution. Emphasis was placed on applying a homogenous dose to the PTV and on reducing the dose to the lungs.

Lapatinib-plus-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer following trastuzumab: a phase II trial.

Background: Trastuzumab, one important treatment option for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is limited by its cardiotoxic potential. Lapatinib and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) represent a cardiosparing alternative that can cross the blood brain barrier. This is important, because one third of breast cancer patients develop brain metastases.

[Consensus statement: Stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in special consideration of the new direct oral anticoagulants].

The introduction of new direct oral anticoagulants has changed the treatment of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. However, these changes are not yet fully reflected in current guidelines.This consensus statement, endorsed by six Austrian medical societies, provides guidance to current prophylactic approaches of thromboembolic events in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation on the basis of current evidence and published guidelines.

A SAGE based approach to human glomerular endothelium: defining the transcriptome, finding a novel molecule and highlighting endothelial diversity.

Background: Large scale transcript analysis of human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells (HGMEC) has never been accomplished. We designed this study to define the transcriptome of HGMEC and facilitate a better characterization of these endothelial cells with unique features. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was used for its unbiased approach to quantitative acquisition of transcripts.