The Winding Road to Equal Care: Attitudes and Experiences of Prescribing ADHD Medication among Pediatric Psychiatrists: A Qualitative Study.

Evidence is lacking on how to understand the reasons for variations, both in prevalence of ADHD and ADHD medication prescribing patterns in children and adolescents, within Region Skåne. These variations are not in line with current national clinical guidelines and seem to have increased over time. This qualitative interview study illuminates pediatric psychiatrists' attitudes toward ADHD and their experiences of prescribing ADHD medication.

Lifetime risk of stroke in the general male population.

Objectives: Most previous studies of incidence rates of stroke are from register studies, while data from prospective cohort studies are limited. The aim of the present study was to describe hazard rates, prevalence and cumulative proportion free from stroke during a lifelong follow-up of a representative sample of middle-aged men sampled from the general population.

Methods: A population-based sample of 855 men, all born in 1913, was investigated at 50 years of age and followed up with repeated medical examinations at age 54, 60, 67, 75 and 80.

Hyperparathyroidism in men - morbidity and mortality during 21 years' follow-up.

Hyperparathyroidism (HPT), including normocalcaemic, vitamin D sufficient (Serum (S)-25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L) hyperparathyroidism (nHPT), has increasingly been diagnosed in the last few decades due to the more common use of the serum parathyroid hormone (S-PTH) assay. We investigated if men with HPT had higher morbidity and mortality than men without HPT during 21 years' follow-up.A random population sample of 750 men, all 50 years of age, was examined in 1993.

Determinants of Stroke in a General Male Population.

Background and Purpose- To further improve preventive strategies against stroke, there is a need for epidemiological long-term studies. The study aimed at a prospective investigation of stroke determinants in the general male population. Methods- During a period of 48 years, from 50 to 98 years of age, a population-based sample of 854 men was followed using repeated medical examinations, lifestyle questionnaires, data from hospital records and the National Cause of Death Register.

Although Coronary Mortality Has Decreased, Rates of Cardiovascular Disease Remain High: 21 Years of Follow-Up Comparing Cohorts of Men Born in 1913 With Men Born in 1943.

Background: Despite a decline in mortality rates from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the past few decades, the burden of CVD in a contemporary population remains inadequately addressed. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate secular trends in mortality from coronary artery disease and all-cause mortality over 2 decades, by comparing 2 cohorts of men born 30 years apart and evaluate the prediction of the risk of CVD and all-cause death in a contemporary random sample of Swedish men.

Methods And Results: Two cohorts of randomly selected men born in 1913 (855 men) and 1943 (798 men) were first examined at age 50 in 1963 and 1993, respectively, and followed longitudinally over 21 years.

Secular changes in cardiovascular risk factors in Swedish 50-year-old men over a 50-year period: The study of men born in 1913, 1923, 1933, 1943, 1953 and 1963.

Background During the past decades, declining trends in mean cholesterol levels and smoking have been observed in Western Europe, whereas obesity and a sedentary lifestyle have increased. Simultaneously, there has been a marked decrease in mortality from cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Methods The aim of the study was to determine whether these trends in CV risk factors continued over a period of 50 years.

Association of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity With Mortality.

Importance: The prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity is increasing.

Objective: To estimate reductions in life expectancy associated with cardiometabolic multimorbidity.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Age- and sex-adjusted mortality rates and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using individual participant data from the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (689,300 participants; 91 cohorts; years of baseline surveys: 1960-2007; latest mortality follow-up: April 2013; 128,843 deaths).

The risk of atrial fibrillation in the general male population: a lifetime follow-up of 50-year-old men.

Aim: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence rate, and lifetime risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population-based study of Swedish men.

Methods And Results: The study is a part of 'The Study of Men Born in 1913', which is a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 855 men born in 1913 and living in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. They were followed from the age of 50 years until 98 years with repeated examinations and data from the Swedish National Hospital Discharge Register.

Men born in 1913 followed to age 100 years.

Objectives: To examine causes of death for men above 80 years of age, and health status in centenarians in a cohort of men followed from age 50 years. Factors of importance for survival were studied.

Design: A representative sample of men born in 1913 was first examined in 1963 and re-examined at ages 54, 60, 67, 75, 80 and 100 years.

Atrial natriuretic peptide as a predictor of atrial fibrillation in a male population study. The Study of Men Born in 1913 and 1923.

Background: Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmias in clinical practice and it is often diagnosed after a complication occurs. The study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) for atrial fibrillation in a male population-based study.

Methods And Results: This study is a part of the "Study of Men Born in 1913 and 1923", a longitudinal prospective cohort study of men, living in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden.

Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation for bioethanol production using corncobs at lab, PDU and demo scales.

Background: While simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) is considered to be a promising process for bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials to ethanol, there are still relatively little demo-plant data and operating experiences reported in the literature. In the current work, we designed a SSCF process and scaled up from lab to demo scale reaching 4% (w/v) ethanol using xylose rich corncobs.

Results: Seven different recombinant xylose utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were evaluated for their fermentation performance in hydrolysates of steam pretreated corncobs.

Prevalence of the chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome among 40-69-year-old men residing in a temperate climate.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of the chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) among middle-aged men in a region with a temperate climate, i.e. a community in western Sweden.

Effects of self-rated health on sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions and mortality. A population-based longitudinal study of nearly 15,000 observations among Swedish women and men.

Background: Simple global self-ratings of health (SRH) have become increasingly used in national and international public health monitoring, and in recent decades recommended as a standard part of health surveys. Monitoring developments in population health requires identification and use of health measures, valid in relation to targets for population health. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between SRH and sick leave, disability pension, hospital admissions, and mortality, adjusted for effects of significant covariates, in a large population-based cohort.

Gender differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in 50-year-old Swedish men and women with hypertension born in 1953.

To investigate potential gender differences in the role of hypertension as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS) we used a random population sample of 50-year-old men (n=595) and women (n=667; all born in 1953) who were examined in 2003-2004. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure values were dichotomized at ≥ 140 mm Hg and ≥ 90 mm Hg, respectively. MetS was defined using NCEP (National Cholesterol Education Programme) and IDF (International Diabetes Federation) criteria.

Perceived health in 50-year-old women and men and the correlation with risk factors, diseases, and symptoms.

Background: Population-based study of a random sample of 50-year-old men and women in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Objective: To examine the determinants of perceived health and the differences between 50-year-old men and women.

Methods: Men and women born in 1953 were examined between 2003 and 2004.

Factors associated with reaching 90 years of age: a study of men born in 1913 in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Objectives: Increasing numbers of people reach old age. We wanted to identify variables of importance for reaching 90 years old and determine how the predictive ability of these variables might change over time.

Setting And Subjects: All men in the city of Gothenburg born in 1913 on dates divisible by 3, which is on the 3rd, 6th, 9th etc.

Obesity, smoking and secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged women: data from population studies in Göteborg from 1980 to 2003.

Background: To study the trends in cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged city-dwelling Swedish women from 1980 to 2003.

Methods: Using cross-sectional population-based surveys, five random population samples of a total of 1915 women aged between 45 and 54 years, participating in the BEDA study in 1980, WHO MONICA studies in 1985, 1990 and 1995, and a study of 50-year-old women in 2003 were measured for the following parameters: anthropometry, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, smoking habits, blood pressure, physical activity and stress.

Results: Over almost 25 years, middle-aged women gained on average 4.

Open, randomized pilot study after first stroke: a 3.5-year follow-up.

Background And Purpose: Although care in stroke units has improved outcome in stroke patients, it is less clear whether specialized outpatient care after stroke can further improve the prognosis. We therefore conducted a pilot study comparing specialized long-term care with usual care after a first stroke.

Methods: During a 2-year period, 549 patients were discharged alive from our stroke unit.

Aspirin increases mortality in diabetic patients without cardiovascular disease: a Swedish record linkage study.

Purpose: Aspirin is effective in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The results are less convincing when aspirin is used for primary prevention even in high-risk patients (i.e.

Saving lives, money and resources: drug and CABG/PCI use after myocardial infarction in a Swedish record-linkage study.

Background: Drug costs are increasing despite the introduction of cheaper generic drugs. The aim of the present study was to analyse the entire costs of hospital care, out-patient care, and the cost of drugs for 16 months following a myocardial infarction (MI) to see to what extent drug costs contribute to the overall costs of care.

Methods: Diagnoses and costs for care as well as mortality data obtained from the Västra Götaland Region, Sweden, and drug costs from the Swedish Board of Health and Welfare, were merged in a computer file.