Surveillance of Health Care-Associated Violence Using Natural Language Processing.

Background And Objectives: Patient and family violent outbursts toward staff, caregivers, or through self-harm, have increased during the ongoing behavioral health crisis. These health care-associated violence (HAV) episodes are likely under-reported. We sought to assess the feasibility of using nursing notes to identify under-reported HAV episodes.

Electronic surveillance of patient safety events using natural language processing.

Objective: We describe our approach to surveillance of reportable safety events captured in hospital data including free-text clinical notes. We hypothesize that a) some patient safety events are documented only in the clinical notes and not in any other accessible source; and b) large-scale abstraction of event data from clinical notes is feasible.

Materials And Methods: We use regular expressions to generate a training data set for a machine learning model and apply this model to the full set of clinical notes and conduct further review to identify safety events of interest.

Reduced visits to pediatric eye care among socioeconomically disadvantaged patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

We hypothesized that children with low socioeconomic status (SES) had disproportionately fewer eye care visits during the early COVID-19 pandemic and that these children would be less likely to use synchronous provider-to-patient telemedicine eye care visits. This study investigated changes in patient demographics at a large, academic pediatric eye center before and after the pandemic. A retrospective review of all visits from March 18, 2019, to May 31, 2019 (pre-COVID period) and of the same date range in 2020 (COVID period) was performed.

Expression of Drosophila Matrix Metalloproteinases in Cultured Cell Lines Alters Neural and Glial Cell Morphology.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc- and calcium- dependent endopeptidases that play pivotal roles in many biological processes. The expression of several MMPs in the central nervous system (CNS) have been shown to change in response to injury and various neurological/neurodegenerative disorders. While extracellular MMPs degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulate cell surface receptor signaling, the intracellular functions of MMPs or their roles in CNS disorders is unclear.

Timing of Ocular Hypertension After Pediatric Closed-Globe Traumatic Hyphema: Implications for Surveillance.

Purpose: To evaluate the timing of ocular hypertension (OHT) after pediatric closed-globe injury (CGI) and traumatic hyphema. We hypothesize that OHT will occur at different times based on injury characteristics.

Design: Retrospective, cohort study.

Lumbar facet joint and intervertebral disc loading during simulated pelvic obliquity.

Background Context: Intervertebral disc and facet joints are the two primary load-bearing structures of the lumbar spine, and altered loading to these structures may be associated with frontal plane spinal deviations.

Purpose: To determine the load on the lumbar facet joint and intervertebral disc under simulated frontal plane pelvic obliquity combined loading, an in vitro biomechanical study was conducted.

Study Design/setting: An in vitro biomechanical study using a repeated-measures design was used to compare L4-L5 facet joint and intervertebral disc loading across pure moment and combined loading conditions.

Development of a versatile intra-articular pressure sensing array.

A new sensor array intended to accurately and directly measure spatial and time-dependent pressures within a highly curved biological intra-articular joint was developed and tested. To evaluate performance of the new sensor array for application within intra-articular joints generally, and specifically to fit within the relatively restrictive space of the lumbar spine facet joint, geometric constraints of length, width, thickness and sensor spatial resolution were evaluated. Additionally, the effects of sensor array curvature, frequency response, linearity, drift, hysteresis, repeatability, and total system cost were assessed.

Influence of seat foam and geometrical properties on BioRID P3 kinematic response to rear impacts.

As the primary interface with the human body during rear impact, the automotive seat holds great promise for mitigation of Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD). Recent research has chronicled the potential influence of both seat geometrical and constitutive properties on occupant dynamics and injury potential. Geometrical elements such as reduced head to head restraint, rearward offset, and increased head restraint height have shown strong correlation with reductions in occupant kinematics.

Relationships between seat properties and human subject kinematics in rear impact tests.

The mitigation of whiplash associated disorders (WAD) has received increased priority in the last 10 years. Although the exact mechanism(s) for WAD causation have not been established, several have been proposed and it is likely the mechanism(s) are associated with the kinematics of the head relative to the torso. It follows that automotive seat designs that address reductions in certain head-torso kinematics may lead to a reduction in WAD potential.