Nuezhenoside G13 from Osmanthus fragrans fruit ameliorates Concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis by regulating the NF-κB/MAPK pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Osmanthus fragrans fruit (OFF) exhibits hepatoprotective function, and it is consumed as food and used in traditional medicine in China. Nuezhenoside G13 (G13) is present in the highest levels in OFF. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a manifestation of liver disease and seriously endangers health.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the molecular basis of flavonoid accumulation in fructus of Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis).

Background: The fruits of Gardenia are rich in flavonoids and geniposides, which have various pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome and metabolome of gardenia peel and kernel at different growth stages, revealed the regulatory network related to flavonoid synthesis, and identified the key regulatory genes.

Results: The results showed that in terms of flavonoid metabolic pathways, gardenia fruits mainly synthesized cinnamic acid through the phenylpropanoid pathway, and then synthesized flavonoids through the action of catalytic enzymes such as 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase and flavanol synthase, respectively.

Flash extraction of the active constituents and its antitumor activity from rehmanniae radix, achyranthes bidentatae radix, dioscoreae rhizoma and chrysanthemi flos.

In this study, we applied the Flash extraction (FE) for the first time to the extraction of active ingredients of Sidahuaiyao (including Rehmanniae Radix, Achyranthes Bidentatae Radix, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, and Chrysanthemi Flos), and the content of active ingredients (catalpinoside, ecdysterone, chlorogenic acid and diosgenin) was determined by HPLC, and compared with Soxhlet extraction (SE) and ultrasonic extraction (UE). The results show that under the same solvent ratio, FE is used to extract the largest amount of different active ingredients. Compared with SE and UE, the extraction amount increases by 20.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., from marine sponges.

Two novel strains, LHW50502 and LHW51113, were isolated from marine sponges obtained on Xisha Island, Hainan Province, PR China. Rods and cocci, typical characteristics of the genus , were observed. The strains contained -diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall hydrolysates and galactose, arabinose, ribose and glucose as the whole-cell sugars.

Anti-inflammatory activities of extracts in retinal pigment epithelial cells and zebrafish embryos.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual impairment in developed countries. Inflammation serves a critical role in the pathogenesis of AMD. is found in several regions of China and is traditionally used as an organic yellow dye but has also been widely used as a therapeutic agent in numerous diseases, including inflammation, depression, hepatic and vascular disorders, which may reflect the variability of functional compounds that are present in extracts (GJE).

Aromatic Ring Substituted Aaptamine Analogues as Potential Cytotoxic Agents against Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma.

A chemical modification study was conducted on the marine natural product aaptamine (), isolated from the marine sponge . Thirty new derivatives substituted by various aromatic rings at the 3- and 7-positions of aaptamine were prepared by bromination, followed by the Suzuki coupling reaction. Sixteen compounds displayed cytotoxicities to four cancer cell lines (IC < 10 μM).

Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Cyclohexapeptides from the Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus sp. 151304.

Three new cyclohexapeptides, petrosamides A-C (-), were isolated from the sponge-derived fungus sp. 151304. Their structures were elucidated by detailed 1D and 2D spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configurations of the amino acid residues were determined by the advanced Marfey's method.

Aaptolines A and B, Two New Quinoline Alkaloids from the Marine Sponge Aaptos aaptos.

Two new quinoline alkaloids, aaptolines A and B, were isolated from the marine sponge Aaptos aaptos. Their structures were determined by HR-ESI-MS data, NMR analysis, and X-ray crystallography. Structurally, aaptoline A is characterized as having a quinoline skeleton fused with a 1,4-dioxane motif at the C(7)-C(8) position, whereas aaptoline B possessed an intriguing 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-g]quinoline moiety.

sp. nov., isolated from the marine sponge .

A novel actinobacterium, designated LHW52908, was isolated from a marine sponge, , collected in the South China Sea. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain LHW52908 was member of the family , with highest similarities to DSM 43160 (97.7 %), CF6 (97.

(-)-Calcaridine B, a new chiral aminoimidazole-containing alkaloid from the marine sponge .

LC-DAD/MS-based dereplication of organic extract of a calcareous sponge afforded one new chiral aminoimidazole-containing alkaloid, (-)-calcaridine B (), along with one achiral imidazole analog leucettamine E () as well as one known imidazole derivative (2, 9)-pyronaamidine-9-(-methylimine) (). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic analyses, and comparing with the literature. The cytotoxic activities of all isolates were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines, and compounds and exhibited mild cytotoxicities toward the MCF-7 cell line with IC values of 25.

Two new 5,6-epoxysterols from calcareous marine sponge .

Chemical investigation on CHCl extract of the marine sponge , collected from the South China Sea, afforded two new 5,6-epoxysterols, 5α,6α-epoxycholesta-8(14),22()-diene-3,7-diol () and (24)-24-ethyl-5α,6α-epoxycholesta-8(14),22()-diene-3,7-diol () along with ten known related steroid analogs (-). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic analyses, and comparison with the literature. All isolates were tested for cytotoxicity against three tumor cell lines only known compounds and exhibited notable cytotoxic activity against A549 (IC: 3.

Marine sponge-derived smenospongine preferentially eliminates breast cancer stem-like cells via p38/AMPKα pathways.

Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been postulated as responsible for therapeutic failure of breast cancer. Novel agents effectively targeting breast CSCs are urging to be discovered to overcome cancer relapse and metastasis. We recently established a CSC-like model through ectopic expression Nanog, a core pluripotency factor, in breast cancer cells and validated induced CSC-like (MCF7-Nanog) model acquired stem-like properties.

Imidazole Alkaloids and Their Zinc Complexes from the Calcareous Marine Sponge Leucetta chagosensis.

Five new imidazole derivatives (1-5), together with eight related known alkaloids, were isolated from a calcareous marine sponge, Leucetta chagosensis, collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods. Structurally, 1 possesses an unusual skeleton featuring imidazole and oxazolone rings linked via a nitrogen atom, whereas 2 bears an intriguing guanylurea-substituted imidazole ring.

Leucanone A and naamine J, glycerol ether lipid and imidazole alkaloid from the marine sponge Leucandra sp.

Chemical investigation on CHCl extract of the marine sponge Leucandra sp. afforded two new compounds named leucanone A (1) and naamine J (2), together with eight known compounds (3-10). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic analyses, and comparing with the literature.

Gypensapogenin H, a novel dammarane-type triterpene induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on prostate cancer cells.

Gypensapogenin H (GH) is a novel dammarane-type triterpenes obtained from hydrolyzate of total saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum and its anti-tumor activity has been studied in previous work. In this study, we report the effects of this compound on human prostate cancer cells (DU145 and 22RV-1). It significantly inhibited proliferation, decreased survival, led to G1 cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in both cell lines, while having lesser effect on the growth of normal human gastric mucosa cells (GES-1), embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) and lung fibroblast cells (MRC5).

New Furan and Cyclopentenone Derivatives from the Sponge-Associated Fungus Hypocrea Koningii PF04.

Two new furan derivatives, hypofurans A and B (1 and 2), and three new cyclopentenone derivatives, hypocrenones A-C (3-5), along with seven known compounds (6-12), were isolated from a marine fungus Hypocrea koningii PF04 associated with the sponge Phakellia fusca. Among them, compounds 10 and 11 were obtained for the first time as natural products. The planar structures of compounds 1-5 were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data.

New Metabolites from the South China Sea Sponge Diacarnus megaspinorhabdosa.

Chemical investigation on CH2Cl2 extract of the marine sponge Diacarnus megaspinorhabdosa resulted in the isolation of two new farnesylacetone derivatives 1-2, a new γ-lactone 3, a known dinorditerpenone 4 and four known norsesterterpene peroxides 5-8. Their structures were elucidated by using one and two dimensional (1D and 2D)-NMR, high resolution-electrospray ionization (HR-ESI)-MS, and comparison with the literature. Compounds 1 and 2 were cis/trans-olefinic isomers and determined through nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) experiment.

Phytochemical profiles and biological activity evaluation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed against asthma in murine models.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed (ZBMS) has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as an ingredient of polyherbal formulations for the treatment of inflammation and asthma. The aim of this study was to analyze the major composition and to evaluate the anti-asthma activity of ZBMS.

Materials And Methods: Some murine models including acetylcholine/histamine-induced asthma, ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation, ear edema and toe swelling measurement, citric acid-induced cough, and anti-stress abilities were investigated to fully study the anti-asthma activity of ZBMS.

Preparative separation and purification of rosmarinic acid from perilla seed meal via combined column chromatography.

In this study, the preparative separation and purification of rosmarinic acid (RA) from perilla seed meal (PSM), which is a by-product of edible oil production, was achieved using combined column chromatography over macroporous and polyamide resins. To optimize the RA enrichment process, the performance and separation characteristics of nine selected macroporous resins with different chemical and physical properties were investigated. SP825 resin was the most effective: the content of RA increased from 0.