Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), a widely used halogenated flame retardant, is frequently detected in environmental compartments and human samples. However, unknown developmental toxicity and mechanisms limit the entire understanding of its effects. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to various concentrations of TCBPA while a combination of transcriptomics, behavioral and biochemical analyzes as well as metabolomics were applied to decipher its toxic effects and the potential mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeonicotinoids is the most widely used insecticide, its contamination has led to sustained bird population declines. However, the toxicokinetic and underlying mechanisms of neonicotinoid toxicity in birds are largely unknown. Thiamethoxam (TMX), as a representative neonicotinoid insecticide, is now widely detected in most environmental medium and animal bodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
April 2022
Reptiles are sensitive to temperature changes as ectotherm animals. The climate warming may pose more serious threat to reptiles. Although the behavior effect and reproduction biology have been well studied, little information is available about the adaptation mechanisms of reptiles to temperature stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProthioconazole (PTC) is a high effective systemic fungicide, and one of its major metabolites is prothioconazole-desthio (PTC-d). Because of its wildly use in the farmland of China, the local eco-toxicological effects of PTC as well as PTC-d are needed to be concerned. This study investigated hepatoxicity of Chinese lizards (Eremias argus), a local non-target organism, after single dose oral treated (100 mg kg BW) through pathological, enzyme activity and gene expression analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThiamethoxam (TMX), a representative neonicotinoids, is widely used for seed coating. The consumption of TMX-coated seeds posed threat to birds during crop sowing. The hepatotoxicity of TMX has been reported in mammals, however, no clear evidence showed TMX-induced toxic effects on bird liver.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNowadays, the emergence of pesticides and its application in agriculture greatly improved the crop quality and food production. However, the resulted ecological problem caused by the widespread pesticide residues attracted more and more attention since the pesticides were harmful to most living organisms. Regulatory agencies such as Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) stipulated that a comprehensive pesticides risk assessment was essential and also underscored the application of computation method in evaluating pesticides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe enantioselective accumulation, elimination and metabolism of fenbuconazole in lizards were determined following a single-dose (25 mg/kg) exposure to racemic or enantiomeric fenbuconazole. Accumulation of fenbuconazole was found in lizard fat with rac-form > enantiopure enantiomers. The enantiomer fractions (EFs) were higher than 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNowadays, the environmental risk caused by the widespread use of pesticides and their ubiquitous residuals has received more and more attention in academia and regulatory agencies. Due to the large number of pesticides used in agriculture and their adverse effects on all living organisms and the numerous end-points, it is necessary to employ the in silico tools to quickly highlight hazardous pesticides. In this study, we have evaluated the toxicity of pesticides against Sheepshead minnow with the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present work investigated the changes in DNA methylation pattern of Tenebrio molitor mitochondria genome at different development stages, which was fed with polyurethane foam as a sole diet. Polyurethane foam could influence the global methylation levels in mitochondria DNA of Tenebrio molitor. Different leves of 5-methylcytosine appeared at CpG and non-CpG sites of Tenebrio molitor mtDNA while they were fed with polyurethane foam: 10 CpG and 49 non-CpG sites at larval stage, 4 CpG and 31 non-CpG sites at pupa stage, 7 CpG and 56 non-CpG sites at adult stage in general.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProthioconazole (PTC) is a widely used triazolinthione fungicide with low toxicity and short residual period. However, its desulfurization metabolite, prothioconazole-desthio (PTC-d), is more persistent and has higher toxicity in terrestrial animals. In this study, the toxicokinetics (TK) and tissue distribution of PTC and PTC-d in Chinese lizards (Eremias argus) were measured following single oral dose (100 mg kg body weight) treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnantioselective toxicokinetics, accumulation, and toxicity of myclobutanil were investigated by oral exposure of myclobutanil enantiomers to lizards. After a single oral administration, the absorption half-lives ( [Formula: see text] ) and elimination half-lives (t) were in the range of 0.133-14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyclobutanil (MT), a chiral fungicide, can be metabolized enantioselectively in organisms. In this work, the associated absorption, distribution, metabolism and transcriptional responses of MT in rats were determined following a single-dose (10 mg·kg body weight) exposure to rac-, (+)- or (-)-MT. The enantiomer fractions (EFs) were less than 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDermal exposure is regarded as a potentially significant but understudied route for pesticides uptake in terrestrial reptiles. In this study, a native Chinese lizard was exposed to control, diflubenzuron or flufenoxuron contaminated soil (1.5 mg kg) for 35 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe disturbance of the thyroid system and elimination of chiral pyrethroid pesticides with respect to enantioselectivity in reptiles have so far received limited attention by research. In this study, bioaccumulation, thyroid gland lesions, thyroid hormone levels, and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis-related gene expression in male Eremias argus were investigated after three weeks oral administration of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) enantiomers. In the lizard liver, the concentration of LCT was negatively correlated with the metabolite-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (PBA) level during 21 days of exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
November 2017
Furalaxyl is a chiral pesticide and widely used in modern agriculture as racemate mixture. The enantiomerization and enantioselecive bioaccumulation by a single dose of furalaxyl to Tenebrio molitor larvae under laboratory conditions were studied using a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy method based on a ChiralPAK IC column. Our results showed that a significant enantiomerization (interconversion between R-enantiomer and S-enantiomer) was observed in Tenebrio molitor larvae under R- or S-furalaxyl exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem Toxicol
November 2017
Acylamino acid chiral fungicides (AACFs) are low-toxicity pesticides and considered as non-carcinogenic chemicals to laboratory animals. Though AACFs have potential toxicological effects on mammals by non-genotoxic mechanisms, the toxicoepigenomics of AACFs has not been documented. In this article, we explored toxiciepigenetics of metalaxyl, benalaxyl and furalaxyl through epigenetics research on lambda DNA under different concentration exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a widely used pyrethroid with neurotoxicity. However, little is known about the toxicokinetics of LCT in reptiles. In this study, the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of LCT in Chinese lizards (Eremias Argus) were determined following a single dose (10 mg kg) treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Nan Ke Xue
January 2013
Objective: To investigate the effect of hypoxia on the proliferation and occludin expression of primary rat Sertoli
Methods: We constructed a primary Sertoli cell system by two-step enzymatic digestion in 18 -22 days old Wistar rats and identified it by oil red O and immunofluorescence methods. We randomly divided the Sertoli cells into five groups to be cultured in oxygen at the concentrations of 20%, 15%, 10%, 5% and 1%, respectively, for 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. We detected the proliferation of the Sertoli cells by CCK-8 assay, determined the expression of occludin by Western blot, and analyzed the differences among the five groups.
Objective: To explore the action mechanisms of temperature in male infertility or subfertility by observing the effects of different temperatures on the proliferation of and occludin (OCLN) expression in rat Sertoli cells in vitro.
Methods: We isolated Sertoli cells from the testis of male Wistar rats, and performed oil red O staining and immunohistochemistry to identify their FasL. We cultured the Sertoli cells at 34 degrees C (control group) and at 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39 degrees C (experimental groups) for 4 days.