Disproportionality analysis of vibegron-associated adverse events using the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS): a real-world pharmacovigilance study.

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome has a significant impact on quality of life, and vibegron has emerged as a therapeutic option. This study aims to evaluate the safety profile of vibegron in a disproportionality analysis by analyzing adverse event (AE) reports from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the FAERS database from January 2021 to September 2023.

LIGHt-based rapid detection of starch in tobacco leaves by smartphone sensing.

A rapid and efficient detection method to detect the total starch in tobacco leaves using smartphone-based anthrone-sulfuric acid colorimetry is established under the framework of the low-cost, immediate, general-purpose, and high-throughput (LIGHt) smartphone-based colorimetry. The LIGHt smartphone colorimetry resulted average relative error of 5.74%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) ranging from 2.

The Role of Empiric Antifungal Therapy in Patients With Perforated Peptic Ulcer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Fungal growth is common in intraoperative cultures of patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) leading to the common use of empiric antifungal therapy, with current evidence not clearly supporting this practice. The goal of this updated systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the effect of empiric antifungals in patients with PPU. Eligible studies were identified through a comprehensive literature search in the MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE databases, following the PRISMA 2020 statement.

Chemometric Classification and Bioactivity Correlation of Black Instant Coffee and Coffee Bean Extract by Chlorogenic Acid Profiling.

Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) play a key role in defining the quality and functionality of coffee products. CGA fingerprints of black instant coffee (BIC) and coffee bean extract (CBE) were profiled using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and analyzed by chemometrics. A total of 25 CGAs were identified.

Ninety-Day Subchronic Toxicology of Individual and Combined Toxicants from the Thermal Processing of Lipid-Rich Foods.

Oxidative derivatives of triacylglycerols (ox-TGs), aldehydes, and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) were simultaneously evaluated in a 90-day subchronic study, focusing on biological indicators, biochemical indicators, and serum metabolomics as the first part of integrated toxicity and interactions. After 90 days of feeding Kunming mice, coexposure to combined toxicants significantly inhibited the trend of liver weight gain, reduced the levels of total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL), and decreased uric acid (UA) compared to individual toxicant exposure. A total of 21 and 31 biomarkers in female and male mice were identified, respectively.

Gut microbiota in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an individual based analysis of publicly available data.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting numerous females worldwide. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been linked to the occurrence of PCOS; however, research into the characteristics of gut microbiota in PCOS patients, especially those from different regions and with different testosterone level, remains limited. Additionally, it is still unclear whether gut microbiota helps to distinguish different PCOS subtypes.

Low-cost, immediate, general-purpose, and high-throughput (LIGHt) smartphone colorimetric screening assay for water-soluble protein.

An efficient and rapid method for the detection of total soluble protein in tobacco leaves, utilizing a smartphone-based colorimetric approach has been developed. The proposed low-cost, immediate, general-purpose, and high-throughput (LIGHt) smartphone colorimetric screening assay integrates commercially available microplates, enabling on-site, high-throughput screening of tobacco leaf quality. The study involves preparing protein standard solutions and constructing standard curves using both spectrophotometric and smartphone-based methods.

B cells present a double-sided effect in digestive system tumors: a review for tumor microenvironment.

Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in investigating tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. B lymphocytes (B cells) are extensively distributed within tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) as multifaceted subgroups and are intimately linked to the anti-tumor properties of TLS, as well as the survival and prognostication of individuals. While the investigation of T lymphocytes in the TLS has advanced to the level of clinical practice, the study of B cells remains limited.

Immune stimulus exposure as a trigger for the development of chronic pruritus and circulating blood type 2 inflammation.

Background: Chronic pruritus (CP) is a poorly characterized condition associated with intense pruritus without a primary skin eruption. This condition tends to emerge more commonly in older adults, and there is limited research on triggering factors.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of CP following exposure to an immune stimulus.

Comprehensive plasma cytokine and chemokine profiling in prurigo nodularis reveals endotypes in Type 2 inflammation.

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is associated with variability in peripheral blood eosinophil levels and response to T-helper 2 targeted therapies (Th2). Our objective was to determine whether circulating immune profiles with respect to type 2 inflammation differ by race and peripheral blood eosinophil count. Plasma from 56 PN patients and 13 matched healthy controls was assayed for 54 inflammatory biomarkers.

A Spatiotemporal Controllable Biomimetic Skin for Accelerating Wound Repair.

Skin injury repair is a dynamic process involving a series of interactions over time and space. Linking human physiological processes with materials' changes poses a significant challenge. To match the wound healing process, a spatiotemporal controllable biomimetic skin is developed, which comprises a three-dimensional (3D) printed membrane as the epidermis, a cell-containing hydrogel as the dermis, and a cytokine-laden hydrogel as the hypodermis.

Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of tumor suppressive effects of GZ17-6.02 against mycosis fungoides.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Despite having a wide variety of therapeutic agents available for the treatment of MF, patients often suffer from a significant decrease in quality of life and rarely achieve long-term remission or complete cure, highlighting a need to develop novel therapeutic agents for this disease. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a novel anti-tumor agent, GZ17-6.

Exploring the regulatory role of Linc00893 in asthenozoospermia: Insights into sperm motility and SSC viability.

The role of long intergenic noncoding RNA 00893 (Linc00893) in asthenozoospermia (AS) and its impact on sperm motility remains unclear The present study explored the effect of Linc00893 on AS, specifically its effect on sperm motility and its relationship with spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) vitality and myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) protein expression. Linc00893 expression was analyzed in semen samples using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, revealing a significant downregulation in samples from individuals with AS compared with those from healthy subjects. This downregulation was found to be negatively correlated with parameters of sperm motility.

Total -2 Palmitic Triacylglycerols and the Ratio of OPL to OPO in Human Milk Fat Substitute Modulated Bile Acid Metabolism and Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Rats.

In this study, the impact of -2 palmitic triacyclglycerols (TAGs) in combination with their ratio of two major TAGs (1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoylglycerol (OPL) to 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO)) in human milk fat substitute (HMFS) on bile acid (BA) metabolism and intestinal microbiota composition was investigated in newly-weaned Sprague-Dawley rats after four weeks of high-fat feeding. Compared to those of control group rats, HMFS-fed rats had significantly increased contents of six hepatic primary BAs (CDCA, αMCA, βMCA, TCDCA, TαMCA and TβMCA), four ileal primary BAs (UDCA, TCA, TCDCA and TUDCA) and three secondary BAs (DCA, LCA and ωMCA), especially for the HMFS with the highest -2 palmitic acid TAGs of 57.9% and OPL to OPO ratio of 1.

Gelatin-Based Metamaterial Hydrogel Films with High Conformality for Ultra-Soft Tissue Monitoring.

Implantable hydrogel-based bioelectronics (IHB) can precisely monitor human health and diagnose diseases. However, achieving biodegradability, biocompatibility, and high conformality with soft tissues poses significant challenges for IHB. Gelatin is the most suitable candidate for IHB since it is a collagen hydrolysate and a substantial part of the extracellular matrix found naturally in most tissues.

An injectable photopolymerizable chitosan hydrogel doped anti-inflammatory peptide for long-lasting periodontal pocket delivery and periodontitis therapy.

Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease caused by plaque that leads to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Inflammation control and achieving better tissue repair are the key to periodontitis treatment. In this study, human β-Defensin 1 short motif Pep-B with inflammation inhibition and differentiation regulation properties, is firstly used in the treatment of periodontitis, and an injectable photopolymerizable Pep-B/chitosan methacryloyl composite hydrogel (CMSA/Pep-B) is constructed.