Objectives: To explore the association between violent behaviors and emotions in individuals with mental disorders, to evaluate the application value of facial expression analysis technology in violence risk assessment of individuals with mental disorders in supervised settings, and to provide a reference for violence risk assessment.
Methods: Thirty-nine male individuals with mental disorders in supervised settings were selected, the participant risk of violence, cognitive function, psychiatric symptoms and severity were assessed using the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS), the Historical, Clinical, Risk Management-Chinese version(HCR-CV), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). An emotional arousal was performed on the participants and the intensity of their emotions and facial expression action units was recorded before, during and after the arousal.
Introduction: Neurocognitive disorders are commonly observed in patients suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods to assess neurocognitive disorders have thus drawn the general attention of the public, especially electrophysiology parameter such as contingent negative variation (CNV), which has been given more emphasis as a neurophysiological marker in event-related potentials (ERPs) for diagnosing a neurocognitive disorder and assessing its severity. The present study focused on the correlations between CNV parameters and levels of daily living activities and social function to explore the potential of CNV as an objective assessment tool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatric symptoms are common risk factors of violent behaviors among psychiatric patients. This study explored the interrelationship between violence and psychiatric symptoms in male psychiatric inpatients. This is a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with functional gastroenteropathy and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and the relationship between intestinal flora and psychological factors.
Materials And Methods: From March 2020 to December 2020, a total of 35 patients with functional gastroenteropathy and generalized anxiety disorder, 30 healthy controls, 16 patients with functional gastroenteropathy, and 44 patients with generalized anxiety disorder were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. Fecal samples were collected from each group, and the related psychophysiological factors scales (Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, Neurotic Personality Questionnaire, concept of illness questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Severity of Physical Symptoms Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) were improved.
Most patients with neurocognitive disorders after traumatic brain injury (TBI) show executive dysfunction, in which the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role. However, less objective evaluation technique could be used to assess the executive dysfunction in these patients. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is a non-invasive technique, has been widely used in the study of psychiatric disorders, cognitive dysfunction, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFew objective indices can be used when evaluating neurocognitive disorders after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). P300 has been widely studied in mental disorders, cognitive dysfunction, and brain injury. Daily life ability and social function are key indices in the assessment of neurocognitive disorders after a TBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a technique of detecting cerebral cortical function by using near-infrared light, which is a multifunctional neuroimaging technique and provides a convenient and efficient detection method in neuroscience. In consideration of acceptability, safety, high spatial and temporal resolutions compared with electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), fNIRS is widely used to study different psychiatric disorders, most prominently affective disorders, schizophrenic illnesses, brain organic mental disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders, etc. The article focuses on the latest research progress and practical application of fNIRS in psychiatric disorders, especially traumatic brain, including studies on the characterization of phenomenology, treatment effects and descriptions of neuroimaging data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Serious mental illnesses, such as bipolar disorders and schizophrenia, are closely associated with involuntary admission. Many studies have focused on involuntary admission in people with schizophrenia, but little is known about the factors associated with involuntary admission in Chinese patients with bipolar disorders. This study aimed to investigate socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with involuntary admission in Chinese patients with bipolar disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBACKGROUND Using regional homogeneity (ReHo) blood oxygen level-dependent functional MR (BOLD-fMRI), we investigated the structural and functional alterations of brain regions among patients with methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study included 17 MAP patients, 16 schizophrenia (SCZ) patients, and 18 healthy controls. Informed consent was obtained from all patients before the clinical assessment, the severity of clinical symptoms was evaluated prior to the fMRI scanning, and then images were acquired and preprocessed after each participant received 6-min fRMI scanning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe study aimed to investigate the correlations of CACNA1C genetic polymorphisms and protein expression with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia in a Chinese population. This research included 139 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (case group) and 141 healthy volunteers (control group). Case and control samples were genotyped using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAggressive behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are common. We conducted this study to describe the aggressive mode of preschool children with ASD and examine the associations between specific aggressive behaviors and two treatable factors: sleep problems and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. In total, 577 typically developing (TD) children and 490 children with ASD were investigated in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Many studies have indicated that immune dysfunction might be involved in the physiopathology of schizophrenia and aggression. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)-10 and clinical characteristics, especially aggression, and to explore the potential role of hsCRP and IL-10 as plasma biomarkers of schizophrenia.
Methods: Forty-one patients with schizophrenia and forty healthy individuals were enrolled.
Increasing evidence indicates that immune inflammatory processes, especially autoimmune reaction, should be considered in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and aggressive behavior. The present study aimed to explore the correlation between immune factors (C3 and Th17-related cytokines) and aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients. Forty schizophrenia patients and forty age- and gender-matched healthy controls participated in the study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To explore the main performance of personality change in people with mild psychiatric impairments which due to the brain trauma caused by traffic accidents and its value in assessment of psychiatric impairment.
Methods: The condition of personality change of patients with traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accident was evaluated by the Scale of Personality Change Post-traumatic Brain Injury (SPCPTBI). Furthermore, the correlation between the personality change and the degrees of traumatic brain injury and psychiatric impairment were explored.
Impairment of theory of mind (ToM) is a common phenomenon following traumatic brain injury (TBI) that has clear effects on patients' social functioning. A growing body of research has focused on this area, and several methods have been developed to assess ToM deficiency. Although an informant assessment scale would be useful for examining individuals with TBI, very few studies have adopted this approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFa Yi Xue Za Zhi
April 2014
Objective: To explore the relevance between writing characteristic and therapeutic effect in schizophrenia and to discuss the influence of aggressive behavior on writing characteristic.
Methods: Recoding the casual and fixed writing in admission, one week, two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks after treatment and rating Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS). Choosing two characteristics, "relationship between font and grid lines" and "having big strokes or not", and comparing before and after treatment.
Conduct disorder (CD) is one of the most common behavior disorders in adolescents, such as impulsivity, aggression, and running from school. Males are more likely to develop CD than females, and two previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have demonstrated abnormal microstructural integrity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF) in boys with CD compared to a healthy control group. However, little is known about changes in the UF in females with CD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To study the disability identification for cases with clinical diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) due to traffic accidents, and to explore the possible effects of DAI on identification results.
Methods: Five hundred and fifty-six cases of cerebral injury due to traffic accidents were collected, including 467 cases diagnosed with cerebral contusion or laceration and 89 cases diagnosed with DAI. The identification results of different groups with diagnosis of DAI diagnosis, diagnosis of DAI with cerebral contusion (laceration), and diagnosis of cerebral contusion or laceration without DAI were compared and statistically analyzed, based on the results of CT and MRI re-review.
Objective: To explore the applicability of Capacity of Sexual Self-defense Assessment Scale (CSSAS) in psychiatric patients without mental retardation.
Methods: Eighty-seven cases required for assessment of the capacity of sexual self-defense were collected and evaluated by trained professionals according to CSSAS, and the results were compared to the experts' opinions.
Results: The scores of three grades of capacity of sexual self-defense (none, limited and whole) were 5.
In China, the criminal responsibility of the mentally disordered offenders is divided into three levels, there are the whole responsibility, diminished responsibility and irresponsibility. According to the Criminal Law, "If a mental disordered patient causes harmful consequences at a time when he is unable to recognize or control his own conduct, upon verification and confirmation through legal procedure, he shall not bear criminal responsibility." That means there are two standards of assessing criminal responsibility, namely volitional and cognitive capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To understand disposal attitudes towards forensic psychiatric patients among police officers, psychiatrists and community members in China.
Method: 118 community members, 121 psychiatrists and 105 police officers completed a questionnaire regarding disposal attitudes towards forensic psychiatric patients.
Result: Surveyed respondents (87.
Objective: According with Chinese legal system, to develop a competency to stand trial rating scale in offenders with mental disorders.
Methods: Proceeding from the juristical elements, 15 items were extracted and formulated a preliminary instrument named the competency to stand trial rating scale in offenders with mental disorders. The item analysis included six aspects, which were critical ratio, item-total correlation, corrected item-total correlation, alpha value if item deleted, communalities of items, and factor loading.
Competency to stand trial relates directly to legal rights of the appraised individual as well as whether criminal procedure can be carried out smoothly. Foreign scholars have conducted a large number of theoretical researches, and developed a series of standardized evaluation tools. However, the assessment on competency to stand trial has mainly focused on medical criteria in China for a long time, and most cases were judged by forensic psychiatrists' experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
March 2012
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of mental health problems in male violent offenders of Hunan and Sichuan Provinces; and to compare the types and severity of problems between the violent and nonviolent offenders.
Methods: Ninety-one violent juvenile offenders and 64 nonviolent juvenile offenders in the juvenile detention centers of Hunan, and 81 violent juvenile offenders in the juvenile detention centers of Sichuan; 39 high school students from a middle school of Hunan Province and 49 from a middle school of Sichuan Province were investigated using the Investigation Screening Inventory for Child Mental Disorder and the Kiddy Schedule for Affective Diseases and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL), and classified according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Results: In the Hunan violent group, 86.