Land price, government debt, and land-use efficiency in the coastal cities of China under the constraint of land scarcity.

Land scarcity poses a significant challenge for coastal cities in supporting sustainable urban development. This study quantifies the Land Scarcity Index (LSI) for 51 Chinese coastal cities from 2008 to 2018, revealing a phased increase and a transition to high scarcity levels. The findings reveal significant differences in the land price dynamics and fragmentation between commercial-residential and industrial land plots.

Coupling coordination analysis of urbanization and the ecological environment based on urban functional zones.

Urbanization is an inevitable process in human social progress; additionally, the ecological environment is the carrier and foundation of human social development. Considering central Shanghai, China, as an example, this study quantitatively analyzed the coupling coordination relationship between urbanization and the ecological environment based on urban functional zones; remote sensing images, Open Street Map roads, and point of interest data were analyzed for the urban functional zones the remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI), comprehensive nighttime light index (CNLI), and coupling coordination degree (D). The results revealed that urban functional zones in central Shanghai were mainly mixed functional zones and comprehensive functional zones, which formed a spatial structure that gradually radiated outward from the urban core.