Gedunin induces apoptosis and inhibits HMBG1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in a rat model of gastric carcinogenesis induced by methylnitronitrosoguanidine.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of gedunin, a natural compound, in a rat model of gastric carcinogenesis induced by MNNG.

Methods: Fifty-four rats were randomly assigned to six groups for a 60-day study on the effects of MNNG and gedunin. Groups 1-4 received 200 mg/kg MNNG (1, 10, or 100 mg/kg), and group 5 had only 100 mg/kg gedunin.

Hepcidin contributes to largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) against bacterial infections.

The increasing emergence and dissemination of bacterial pathogens in largemouth bass culture accelerate the desire for new treatment measures. Antimicrobial peptides as the host's antimicrobial source dominate the preferred molecules for discovering antibacterial agents. Here, the potential of Hepcidin-1 from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (MsHep-1) against bacterial infection is demonstrated.

IFN-γ enhances protective efficacy against infection in largemouth bass ().

Introduction: adversely impacts a diverse range of fish species, exhibiting significant pathogenic characteristics that substantially impede the progress of aquaculture. infects in fish has a long incubation period, and clinical symptoms are not obvious in the early stages. There is presently no viable and eco-friendly approach to combat the spread of the disease.

Effect of Steam Pressure Toasting Duration on Snowbird Faba Bean Seeds and the Impact on the Intestinal and Metabolic Characteristics in Dairy Cows.

The response of feedstuffs to thermal processing depends on the type of feed and the thermal processing methods being applied. Steam pressure toasting (SPT) has been used to modify the nutrient degradability and enhance the nutritional quality of pulses, including faba bean seeds (FBS). Strategic feeding approaches are essential for balancing diets and maintaining adequate nutrition, especially in high-performing ruminants.

Induction therapy with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy enhances the efficacy of lenvatinib and pd1 inhibitors in treating hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis.

Background: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX), lenvatinib and programmed death receptor-1 signaling inhibitors (PD1s) all alone have been proven effective in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the efficacy and safety of the tri-combination therapy in treating HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) remains unknown.

Methods: In this retrospective study, HCC patients with PVTT received either induction therapy of HAIC and lenvatinib plus PD1s in the initial period of treatment and then dual maintenance therapy of lenvatinib and PD1s (HAIC-Len-PD1) or continuous lenvatinib combined with PD1s (Len-PD1).

Results: In total, 53 and 89 patients were enrolled into the Len-PD1 group and HAIC-Len-PD1 group, respectively.

Oral administration of hepcidin and chitosan benefits growth, immunity, and gut microbiota in grass carp ().

Intensive high-density culture patterns are causing an increasing number of bacterial diseases in fish. Hepcidin links iron metabolism with innate immunity in the process of resisting bacterial infection. In this study, the antibacterial effect of the combination of hepcidin (Cihep) and chitosan (CS) against was investigated.

Understanding the Impact of Neural Variations and Random Connections on Inference.

Recent research suggests that neural networks created from dissociated neurons may be used for computing and performing machine learning tasks. To develop a better artificial intelligent system, a hybrid bio-silicon computer is worth exploring, but its performance is still inferior to that of a silicon-based computer. One reason may be that a living neural network has many intrinsic properties, such as random network connectivity, high network sparsity, and large neural and synaptic variability.

High current density electron wind forces in metallic graphene nanoribbons.

In this study electric current-induced wind forces on a unit lattice of a 10-dimer zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) are calculated under different magnitudes of electric field and temperatures. Wind forces are calculated using a semi-classical method where quantum mechanics is integrated into ensemble Monte Carlo simulations by considering energy and momentum conservation in both the transverse and longitudinal directions of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) during the electron-phonon scattering process. First order perturbation theory using the deformation potential approximation was used in the calculation of the scattering rates.

Influence of defects on dissipative transport in graphene nanoribbons tunnel field-effect transistor.

The influence of point defects on the dissipative carrier transport of armchair graphene nanoribbon (GNR) tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) is studied by solving the self-consistent Born approximation problem using the extended lowest order expansion method. The simulation results show that by introducing point defects to the channel region of the armchair GNR-TFET, the OFF state phonon contribution to the carrier transport changes significantly compared with that of the pristine device. The presence of defect would introduce additional optical phonon mode of much higher energy, which facilitates the OFF state phonon-assisted band-to-band tunneling process in a broader energy range and contribute to the dissipative carrier transport.

Extracellular matrix derived by human umbilical cord-deposited mesenchymal stem cells accelerates chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation potential in vitro.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and intricate three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment with excellent biophysical, biomechanical, and biochemical properties that may directly or indirectly regulate cell behavior, including proliferation, adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Compared with tissue-derived ECM, cell-derived ECM potentially has more advantages, including less potential for pathogen transfer, fewer inflammatory or anti-host immune responses, and a closer resemblance to the native ECM microenvironment. Different types of cell-derived ECM, such as adipose stem cells, synovium-derived stem cells and bone marrow stromal cells, their effects on articular chondrocytes which have been researched.

Anisotropy of Graphene Nanoflake Diamond Interface Frictional Properties.

Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the frictional properties of the interface between graphene nanoflake and single crystalline diamond substrate have been investigated. The equilibrium distance between the graphene nanoflake and the diamond substrate has been evaluated at different temperatures. This study considered the effects of temperature and relative sliding angle between graphene and diamond.

Academic Career Progression of Chinese-Origin Pharmacy Faculty Members in Western Countries.

The field of Pharmacy education is experiencing a paucity of underrepresented minorities (URMs) faculty worldwide. The aim of this study is to investigate the current professional status of Chinese-origin pharmacy faculty members, who are considered as a good model of URMs at pharmacy academia in western countries, and identify the influencing factors to their academic career progression in academic careers. An online questionnaire was sent to Chinese-origin academic staffs at pharmacy schools in US, UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

Analysis of the Literature and Patents on Solid Dispersions from 1980 to 2015.

: Solid dispersions are an effective formulation technique to improve the solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of water-insoluble drugs for oral delivery. In the last 15 years, increased attention was focused on this technology. There were 23 marketed drugs prepared by solid dispersion techniques.

Big data analysis of global advances in pharmaceutics and drug delivery 1980-2014.

This review provides a comprehensive perspective of the global research advances and frontiers in pharmaceutics from 1980 to 2014. Furthermore, a historical view and future prospects of drug delivery are discussed.

Research Advances in Molecular Modeling in Cyclodextrins.

Background: Cyclodextrins (CDs), as one type of the novel pharmaceutical excipients, have been widely used in drug delivery and pharmaceutical industry. Over the past decades, a large amount of molecular modeling studies in CDs were reported for profound understanding of structural, dynamic and energetic features of CDs systems. Thus, this review is focused on qualitative and quantitative analysis of research outputs on molecular modeling in CDs.

Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix: Basic Characteristics and Current Applications in Orthopedic Tissue Engineering.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and intricate microenvironment with excellent biophysical, biomechanical, and biochemical properties, which can directly or indirectly regulate cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and differentiation, as well as plays key roles in homeostasis and regeneration of tissues and organs. The ECM has attracted a great deal of attention with the rapid development of tissue engineering in the field of regenerative medicine. Tissue-derived ECM scaffolds (also referred to as decellularized tissues and whole organs) are considered a promising therapy for the repair of musculoskeletal defects, including those that are widely used in orthopedics, although there are a few shortcomings.