Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase reverses bone loss in periodontitis by upregulating EMCN and inhibiting osteoclasts.

Background: Improving the microenvironment to augment endogenous regenerative potential has emerged as a fundamental concept for stimulating and expediting periodontal tissue repair and regeneration. Previous studies have demonstrated that TPPU, a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (sEHi), mediates the suppression of inflammatory bone loss in periodontitis models. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive.

Optimization of culture conditions for HBV-specific T cell expansion in vitro from chronically infected patients.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) clearance depends on an effective adaptive immune response, especially HBV-specific T cell-mediated cellular immunity; however, it is difficult to produce enough HBV-specific T cells effectively.

Results: In this work, we investigated the proportions of stimulated cells, serum, and culture media as the three primary factors to determine the most effective procedure and applied it to HLA-A2 (+) people. In parallel, we also examined the correlation between clinical parameters and HBV-specific immunity.

PD-L1 neutrophils induced NETs in malignant ascites is a potential biomarker in HCC.

Background: Since differentiating malignant ascites from benign ascites has always been a clinical difficult, recognition of novel biomarkers in malignant ascites of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients could be helpful for establishing a diagnosis for HCC patients with ascitic fluids.

Methods: Thirty-five HCC patients with malignant ascites and chronic liver diseases patients with benign ascites were enrolled. Serum and ascites specimens were collected to determine TAN subpopulations and NETs concentration.

AGXT2 Suppresses the Proliferation and Dissemination of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Modulating Intracellular Lipid Metabolism.

Purpose: Alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) family members are crucial in cancer processes, but their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metabolism is unclear. This study investigates AGXT2's function in HCC.

Patients And Methods: AGTX2 expression was studied using bioinformatics, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

KLRG1-expressing CD8+ T cells are exhausted and polyfunctional in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) has traditionally been regarded as an inhibitory receptor of T cell exhaustion in chronic infection and inflammation. However, its exact role in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains elusive. CD8+ T cells from 190 patients with chronic hepatitis B were analyzed ex vivo for checkpoint and apoptosis markers, transcription factors, cytokines and subtypes in 190 patients with chronic hepatitis B.

HOXA-AS2 Epigenetically Inhibits HBV Transcription by Recruiting the MTA1-HDAC1/2 Deacetylase Complex to cccDNA Minichromosome.

Persistent transcription of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is critical for chronic HBV infection. Silencing cccDNA transcription through epigenetic mechanisms offers an effective strategy to control HBV. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as important epigenetic regulators, have an unclear role in cccDNA transcription regulation.

A novel combined therapeutic strategy of Nano-EN-IR@Lip mediated photothermal therapy and stem cell inhibition for gastric cancer.

Recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer is a major therapeutic challenge for treatment. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is a major obstacle to the success of current cancer therapy, often leading to treatment resistance and tumor recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, it is important to develop effective strategies to eradicate CSCs.

Nanoengineering Carboxysome Shells for Protein Cages with Programmable Cargo Targeting.

Protein nanocages have emerged as promising candidates for enzyme immobilization and cargo delivery in biotechnology and nanotechnology. Carboxysomes are natural proteinaceous organelles in cyanobacteria and proteobacteria and have exhibited great potential in creating versatile nanocages for a wide range of applications given their intrinsic characteristics of self-assembly, cargo encapsulation, permeability, and modularity. However, how to program intact carboxysome shells with specific docking sites for tunable and efficient cargo loading is a key question in the rational design and engineering of carboxysome-based nanostructures.

Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase enhances the dentin-pulp complex regeneration mediated by crosstalk between vascular endothelial cells and dental pulp stem cells.

Background: Revascularization and restoration of normal pulp-dentin complex are important for tissue-engineered pulp regeneration. Recently, a unique periodontal tip-like endothelial cells subtype (POTCs) specialized to dentinogenesis was identified. We have confirmed that TPPU, a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor targeting epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) metabolism, promotes bone growth and regeneration by angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling.

Immunomultiple PCR-based electrochemical and lateral flow strategy for the simultaneous detection of liver cancer tumor markers.

The current use of the single serum biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP) in clinical practice has limitations in terms of specificity and sensitivity. We propose a strategy that combines antigen capture polymerase chain reaction (AC-PCR), lateral flow assay (LFA), and electrochemical biosensors to detect both AFP and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in liver cancer serum. First, we used the AC-PCR technique to achieve target separation, purification, signal conversion, and amplification, eliminating target heterogeneity.

Identification of cuproptosis-related gene SLC31A1 and upstream LncRNA-miRNA regulatory axis in breast cancer.

Mounting evidence indicate that cuproptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, contributes to cancer development and progression. However, a comprehensive analysis regarding the expressions, functions, and regulatory network of cuproptosis-related genes is still lacking. In the present work, cuproptosis-related genes, upstream miRNAs and lncRNAs, and clinical data of breast cancer from TCGA database were analyzed by R language including Cox regression analysis, correlation calculation, ROC curve construction, and survival evaluation, and were further verified by public-available databases.

Circulating sNinj1 as a novel predictor of prognosis and severity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: The occurrence and development of HCC are closely associated with cell death. Recently, researchers found that Ninj1 plays a pivotal role in PMR during different types of cell death. However, the importance of Ninj1 in HCC has not been extensively investigated.

Identification of a novel five ferroptosis-related gene signature as a promising prognostic model for breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BCa) is a major challenge for women's health worldwide. Ferroptosis is closely related to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in BCa remains unclear, and more accurate prognostic models are urgently needed.

Additive Conformational Engineering To Improve the PbI Framework for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

The PbI framework is critical for two-step fabricated perovskite solar cells. This study investigates the effects of introducing two functional urea-based molecules, biuret (BU) and dithiobiuret (DTBU), into the PbI precursor solution on the absorber layer and overall device performance. BU, which contains C═O, enhanced device performance and stability, whereas DTBU, which contains C═S, had negative effects.

Liver fibrosis-derived exosomal miR-106a-5p facilitates the malignancy by targeting SAMD12 and CADM2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development induced by liver fibrosis is obscure. The objective of this study is to establish miRNAs from exosomes associated with liver fibrosis, and to identify potential biomarkers for the prediction of personalized clinical management effectiveness in HCC. Our research focused on miRNAs from exosomes and mRNA from liver fibrosis, which we found in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database.

Microalgal polyunsaturated fatty acids: Hotspots and production techniques.

Algae play a crucial role in the earth's primary productivity by producing not only oxygen but also a variety of high-value nutrients. One such nutrient is polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are accumulated in many algae and can be consumed by animals through the food chain and eventually by humans. Omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs are essential nutrients for human and animal health.

Sphondin efficiently blocks HBsAg production and cccDNA transcription through promoting HBx degradation.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and seroconversion, which is considered as functional cure of chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, is rarely achieved even after long-term antiviral treatments. Therefore, new antiviral strategies interfering with other HBV replication steps are required, especially those that could efficiently inhibit HBsAg production. Here, we identified novel anti-HBV compounds that could potently block HBsAg expression from cccDNA by screening a natural compound library derived from Chinese traditional medical plants by a novel screening strategy.

TPPU inhibits inflammation-induced excessive autophagy to restore the osteogenic differentiation potential of stem cells and improves alveolar ridge preservation.

Inflammation-induced autophagy is a double-edged sword. Dysfunction of autophagy impairs the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells and enhances inflammation-induced bone loss. Tooth extraction with periodontal and/or endodontic lesions exacerbates horizontal and vertical resorption of alveolar bone during the healing period.

Classification of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein-associated molecular subtypes and identified a serological diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to sort out innovative molecular subtypes associated with mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) to predict clinical therapy response and determine the presence of circulating markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods: Using an unsupervised clustering method, we categorized the relative molecular subtypes of MRPs in HCC patients. The prognosis, biological properties, immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapy response of the patients were clarified.

Targeting soluble epoxide hydrolase promotes osteogenic-angiogenic coupling via activating SLIT3/HIF-1α signalling pathway.

Type H vessels have recently been identified to modulate osteogenesis. Epoxyeicostrioleic acids (EETs) have an essential contribution to vascular homeostasis. However, whether increased EETs with soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor TPPU enhance the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis remains largely unknown.

Association between IL-38 and inflammatory indicators in patients with bacterial pneumonia.

Background: IL-38, a recently discovered cytokine of IL-1 family, exerts immunoregulatory activities in multi-type inflammatory diseases. However, its expression level and underlying clinical importance for IL-38 in respiratory bacterial infections remain unknown.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with bacterial pneumonia and twenty age- and gender- matched healthy individuals were enrolled in the study to determine serum IL-38 concentrations by ELISA.

Elevated neutrophil extracellular traps by HBV-mediated S100A9-TLR4/RAGE-ROS cascade facilitate the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are considered significant contributors to cancer progression, especially metastasis. However, it is still unclear whether NETs are involved in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocarcinogenesis and have potential clinical significance during evaluation and management for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional mechanism of NETs in HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance.

Serum soluble E-cadherin is a new potential marker for assessing the severity of gout.

Objectives: Currently, millions of people suffer from gout-related disorders, which cause a great economic and health burden worldwide. However, so far, there is no effective serum marker to evaluate the severity of gout. Over the years, more and more experimental data have demonstrated that soluble E-cadherin (sE-cadherin) may act as a pivotal regulator involving in the initiation and development of various types of diseases.

XNA probe and CRISPR/Cas12a-powered flexible fluorescent and electrochemical dual-mode biosensor for sensitive detection of m6A site-specific RNA modification.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in RNAs is closely related to various biological progresses, but the specific regulatory mechanisms are still unclear. The existing m6A single-base resolution analysis techniques have problems of specificity and sensitivity to be improved, which can hardly meet the urgent needs of basic research and clinical applications. This work proposes a new strategy based on xeno nucleic acid (XNA) probe and CRISPR/Cas12a signal amplification for the sensitive detection of site-specific m6A modifications.

CCL25/CCR9 interaction promotes the malignant behavior of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Background: CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9), an organ-specific chemokine receptor, interacts with its exclusive ligand CCL25 to promote tumor proliferation and metastasis. However, the effect of CCR9 on salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) malignant behavior remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the specific molecular mechanism by which CCR9/CCL25 modulates malignant progression in SACC.