Changes in complement C3a in the immunotherapy of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy is an emerging treatment modality for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). As a molecule involved in the prognosis of CCRCC, the effect of complement C3a expression levels on immunotherapy is unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlation between C3a and clinicopathological features in early CCRCC, as well as the alterations in complement C3a during immunotherapy for advanced CCRCC and its influence on therapeutic outcomes.

Density Functional Theory Study on Screening and Key Metrics for Non-Metallic Oxygen Reduction Catalysts.

This study systematically investigates the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity of graphene doped with various non-metallic impurities. The non-metal elements include boron (B), silicon (Si), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I). We found that adsorbates tend to adsorb on positively charged impurity atoms.

T1 mapping-based radiomics in the identification of histological types of lung cancer: a reproducibility and feasibility study.

Background: T1 mapping can quantify the longitudinal relaxation time of tissues. This study aimed to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of T1 mapping radiomics features of lung cancer and the feasibility of T1 mapping-based radiomics model to predict its pathological types.

Methods: The chest T1 mapping images and clinical characteristics of 112 lung cancer patients (54 with adenocarcinoma and 58 with other types of lung cancer) were collected retrospectively.

A Risk Model Developed based on Homologous Recombination Deficiency Genes for Evaluating the Drug Sensitivity and Prognostic Prediction of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Aim: This study was designed to construct a risk model based on homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) to evaluate the prognosis and drug sensitivity for patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Background: LUAD is a subtype of lung cancer with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and prognosis. HRD has been widely studied in various tumors, but its role in LUAD has not been fully understood.

Ultrasound propagation characteristics within the bone tissue of miniature ultrasound probes: implications for the spinal navigation of pedicle screw placement.

Background: The accuracy of pedicle screw fixation is crucial for patient safety. Traditional navigation methods based on computed tomography (CT) imaging have several limitations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the ultrasonic propagation characteristics of bone tissue and their relationship with CT imaging results, as well as the potential application of ultrasound navigation in pedicle screw fixation.

Potential impact of climate change on the distribution of , a vulnerable mammal in China.

Climate change significantly impacted on the survival, development, distribution, and abundance of living organisms. The Chinese serow , known as the "four unlike," is a Class II nationally protected species in China. In this study, we predicted the geographical suitability of under current and future climatic conditions using MaxEnt.

Dissecting the role of soybean rhizosphere-enriched bacterial taxa in modulating nitrogen-cycling functions.

Crop roots selectively recruit certain microbial taxa that are essential for supporting their growth. Within the recruited microbes, some taxa are consistently enriched in the rhizosphere across various locations and crop genotypes, while others are unique to specific planting sites or genotypes. Whether these differentially enriched taxa are different in community composition and how they interact with nutrient cycling need further investigation.

Evaluation of Dual-Frequency Switching HIFU for Optimizing Superficial Ablation.

Objective: Dual-frequency high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thermal ablation is an exceptionally promising technique for treating tumors due to its precision and effectiveness. However, there are still a few studies on improving the accuracy and efficiency of HIFU in superficial ablation applications. This study proposes a method utilizing dual frequency switching ultrasound (DFSU) to enhance the efficiency and precision of superficial treatments.

Utilization of spent coffee grounds as charring agent to prepare flame retardant poly(lactic acid) composites with improved toughness.

The objective was to utilize spent coffee grounds (SCG) as charring agent to combine with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to prepare flame retardant poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites with improved toughness. PLA/APP-SCG and PLA/APP-SCG/KH560 composites were prepared, and silane coupling agent KH560 was applied to improve particle-matrix interfacial compatibility. The particle-matrix interface, char formation, flame retardancy, mechanical properties and fracture morphology of PLA composites were studied.

Multi-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging Fusion Method Based on Wavelet Transform for Guided Screw Insertion.

Intraosseous ultrasound imaging can serve as a guiding tool for the placement of pedicle screws during spinal fusion surgery; thus far, there has been limited scholarly exploration of methods for intraosseous multifrequency ultrasound imaging, which can achieve simultaneous high resolution and deep penetration. The proposed method introduced a dynamic fusion strategy grounded in wavelet transformation for multifrequency image decomposition. This strategy accomplished the effective amalgamation of high-frequency ultrasound images and low-frequency ultrasound images, enabling the obtaining of fused images with enhanced details and better overall image quality.

Sewage network operational risks based on InfoWorks ICM with nodal flow diurnal patterns under NPIs for COVID-19.

Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) have been widely employed globally over the past three years to control the rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These measures have imposed restrictions on urban residents' activities and significantly influenced sewage discharge characteristics within sewage network, particularly in densely populated cities in China. This study focused on the nodal flow diurnal patterns and sewage network operational risks before and after epidemic lockdown in Beijing from March to May in 2022.

Neratinib for HER2-positive breast cancer with an overlooked option.

Positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is associated with an increased risk of metastases especially those to the brain in patients with advanced breast cancer (BC). Neratinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor can prevent the transduction of HER1, HER2 and HER4 signaling pathways thus playing an anticancer effect. Moreover, neratinib has a certain efficacy to reverse drug resistance in patients with BC with previous HER2 monoclonal antibody or targeted drug resistance.

[Height to diameter ratio model of in Daxing'anling Mountains, China].

Based on data from 56 plots of natural forest in Cuigang Forest Farm of Daxing'anling Mountains, we constructed the height to diameter ratio (HDR) model of with exponential decay function as the base model. We used the tree classification as dummy variables and the method of reparameterization. The aim was to provide scientific evidence for evaluating the stability of different grades of trees and stands in Daxing'anling Mountains.

Comparison of microsatellite distribution in the genomes of Pteropus vampyrus and Miniopterus natalensis (Chiroptera).

Background: Microsatellites are a ubiquitous occurrence in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Microsatellites have become one of the most popular classes of genetic markers due to their high reproducibility, multi-allelic nature, co-dominant mode of inheritance, abundance and wide genome coverage. We characterised microsatellites in the genomes and genes of two bat species, Pteropus vampyrus and Miniopterus natalensis.

Prediction of Clinical Molecular Typing of Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Using F-FDG PET/CT Dual-Phase Imaging.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic value of Fluorine-18-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) dual-phase imaging for the different molecular subtypes of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Materials And Methods: Clinical imaging data of 164 women with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast confirmed by pathology who underwent F-FDG PET/CT dual-phase imaging were retrospectively analyzed. The maximum standard uptake values (SUVmax) of the early and delayed phases of the lesion were measured and recorded as SUVmax1 and SUVmax2, respectively, and the retention index (RI) was calculated.

Reversible Switching Cu /Cu Single Sites Catalyze High-rate and Selective CO Photoreduction.

Herein, we first design a model of reversible redox-switching metal-organic framework single-unit-cell sheets, where the abundant metal single sites benefit for highly selective CO reduction, while the reversible redox-switching metal sites can effectively activate CO molecules. Taking the synthetic Cu-MOF single-unit-cell sheets as an example, synchrotron-radiation quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectra unravel the reversible switching Cu /Cu single sites initially accept photoexcited electrons and then donate them to CO molecules, which favors the rate-liming activation into CO , verified by in situ FTIR spectra and Gibbs free energy calculations. As an outcome, Cu-MOF single-unit-cell sheets achieve near 100 % selectivity for CO photoreduction to CO with a high rate of 860 μmol g  h without any sacrifice reagent or photosensitizer, where both the activity and selectivity outperform previously reported photocatalysts evaluated under similar conditions.

Plastics-to-syngas photocatalysed by Co-GaO nanosheets.

Plastics take hundreds of years to degrade naturally, while their chemical degradation typically requires high temperature and pressure. Here, we first utilize solar energy to realize the sustainable and efficient plastic-to-syngas conversion with the aid of water at ambient conditions. As an example, the commercial plastic bags could be efficiently photoconverted into renewable syngas by Co-GaO nanosheets, with hydrogen and carbon monoxide formation rates of 647.

Evaluation of the dual-frequency transducer for controlling thermal ablation morphology using frequency shift keying signal.

Purpose: The catheter-based ultrasound (CBUS) can reach the target tissue directly and achieve rapid treatment. The frequency shift keying (FSK) signal is proposed to regulate and evaluate tumor ablation by a miniaturized dual-frequency transducer.

Methods: A dual-frequency transducer prototype (3 × 7 × 0.

In Situ Measurement of NO, NO, and HO in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy.

In this study, a strategy was developed for in situ, non-intrusive, and quantitative measurement of the oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO) to describe emission characteristics in gas turbines. The linear calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy (LCF-WMS) approach combined with the temperature profile-fitting strategy was utilized for trace NO and NO concentration detection with broad spectral interference from gaseous water (HO). Transition lines near 1308 nm, 5238 nm, and 6250 nm were selected to investigate the HO, NO, and NO generated from combustion.

The Considerable Water Evaporation Induced by Human Perspiration and Respiration in Megacities: Quantifying Method and Case Study in Beijing.

The water cycle in urban areas is called the natural-social dualistic water cycle, and it is driven not only by natural forces, but also by human activities. As the drivers of the social water cycle, human perspire continuously, and this is often overlooked as a contributing factor to the water cycle. This paper proposes a method for quantifying the water evaporation induced by human perspiration and respiration in megacities.

Volumetric analysis of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in preoperative assessment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the prediction of tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and pleural invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before surgery.

Materials And Methods: 65 patients diagnosed with NSCLC by surgery were enrolled. IVIM-DWI (10 b-values, 0-1000 s/mm) was performed before surgery.

Acidic Tumor Microenvironment Promotes Pancreatic Cancer through miR-451a/MEF2D Axis.

Pancreatic cancer (PC), as a highly malignant and aggressive solid tumor, is common in the digestive system. The acidic microenvironment is one of the critical markers of cancer. Nonetheless, there are few studies on how the acidic microenvironment affects the development of PC.