Detection of Rat Pain-Related Grooming Behaviors Using Multistream Recurrent Convolutional Networks on Day-Long Video Recordings.

In experimental pain studies involving animals, subjective pain reports are not feasible. Current methods for detecting pain-related behaviors rely on human observation, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, particularly for lengthy video recordings. Automating the quantification of these behaviors poses substantial challenges.

Day 3 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and its derived indices predict 90-day poor outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its derived indices following mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and evaluate their predictive value for prognosis.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included AIS patients who underwent MT at Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2018 to February 2024. Peripheral blood samples were collected on admission, day 1, and day 3 after MT to determine the NLR, derived NLR (dNLR), and neutrophil-monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR).

Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

Ultra-Stiff yet Super-Elastic Graphene Aerogels by Topological Cellular Hierarchy.

Lightweight cellular materials with high stiffness and excellent recoverability are critically important in structural engineering applications, but the intrinsic conflict between these two properties presents a significant challenge. Here, a topological cellular hierarchy is presented, designed to fabricate ultra-stiff (>10 MPa modulus) yet super-elastic (>90% recoverable strain) graphene aerogels. This topological cellular hierarchy, composed of massive corrugated pores and nanowalls, is designed to carry high loads through predominantly reversible buckling within the honeycomb framework.

Modular functionalization of cellular nanodiscs enables targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics into tumors.

The effective delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor sites is critical for cancer treatment and remains a significant challenge. The advent of nanomedicine has provided additional avenues for altering the in vivo distribution of drug payloads and increasing tumor localization. More recently, cell-derived nanoparticles, with their biocompatibility and unique biointerfacing properties, have demonstrated considerable utility for drug delivery applications.

The effects of different forms of exercise during the early life on the bone microstructure of ovariectomized mice.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a type of bone disease with bone loss and deterioration of skeletal function that occurs in women after menopause. Studies have found that early-life exercise can reduce the risk of fractures and decrease the occurrence of osteoporosis, making it a promising approach for preventing and reversing bone loss. In this study, to identify the optimal forms of exercise during early life to optimize bone health and provide suggestions for promoting bone health through exercise training during early life, we conducted different forms of exercise interventions including ladder climbing, treadmill running, combined training, and whole-body vibration (WBV) on adolescent mice for 8 weeks and observed the accumulation of bone mass and arrangement of bone microstructure in adult mice.

Biomimetic Cell Membrane Layers for the Detection of Insulin and Glucagon.

The growing need for reliable and rapid insulin testing to enhance glycemic management has spurred intensive exploration of new insulin-binding bioreceptors and innovative biosensing platforms for detecting this hormone, along with glucagon, in biological samples. Here, by leveraging the native protein receptors on the HepG2 cell membrane, we construct a simple and chemical-free biomimetic molecular recognition layer for the detection of insulin and glucagon. Unlike traditional affinity sensors, which require lengthy surface modifications on the electrochemical transducers and use of two different capture antibodies to recognize each analyte, this new biomimetic sensing strategy employs a simple drop-casting of a natural cell membrane recognition layer onto the electrochemical transducer.

Cellular Nanoparticles Treat Coronavirus Infection .

Cellular nanoparticles (CNPs), which refer to nanoparticles coated with natural cell membranes, are promising for neutralizing pathological agents. Here, we use CNPs as a medical countermeasure against the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants in an animal model. CNPs comprise polymeric cores coated with the plasma membranes of human macrophages.

NAT10-mediated mRNA N-acetylcytidine reprograms serine metabolism to drive leukaemogenesis and stemness in acute myeloid leukaemia.

RNA modification has emerged as an important epigenetic mechanism that controls abnormal metabolism and growth in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, the roles of RNA N-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification in AML remain elusive. Here, we report that ac4C and its catalytic enzyme NAT10 drive leukaemogenesis and sustain self-renewal of leukaemic stem cells/leukaemia-initiating cells through reprogramming serine metabolism.

Non-tuberculous enhance the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway to induce immunosuppression and facilitate pulmonary colonization.

The increasing prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections alongside tuberculosis (TB) underscores a pressing public health challenge. Yet, the mechanisms governing their infection within the lung remain poorly understood. Here, we integrate metagenomic sequencing, metabolomic sequencing, machine learning classifiers, SparCC, and MetOrigin methods to profile bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from NTM/TB patients.

Clinical features and in-hospital mortality predictors of concurrent cardio-cerebral infarction: insights from a dual-center retrospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to enhance the understanding of cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI) clinical features and identify key prognostic factors, thereby providing an empirical foundation for advancing prevention and treatment strategies and ultimately improving clinical outcomes for CCI patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 17,645 AIS and 7,584 AMI patients admitted to two hospitals from 2014 to 2023. Univariate analysis, Spearman correlation, and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify independent risk factors.

Aptamer-Encapsulated Cellular Nanoparticles for Neurotoxin Neutralization.

Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that fold into defined architectures for specific target binding. In this study, aptamers are selected that specifically bind to small-molecule neurotoxins and encapsulate them into cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (referred to as 'cellular nanoparticles' or 'CNPs') for effective neutralization of neurotoxins. Specifically, six different aptamers are selected that bind to saxitoxin (STX) or tetrodotoxin (TTX) and encapsulate them into metal-organic framework cores, which are then coated with neuronal cell membrane.

Hydrogel-Mediated Local Delivery of Induced Nephron Progenitor Cell-Sourced Molecules as a Cell-Free Approach for Acute Kidney Injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) constitutes a severe condition characterized by a sudden decrease in kidney function. Utilizing lineage-restricted stem/progenitor cells, directly reprogrammed from somatic cells, is a promising therapeutic option in personalized medicine for serious and incurable diseases such as AKI. The present study describes the therapeutic potential of induced nephron progenitor cell-sourced molecules (iNPC-SMs) as a cell-free strategy against cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity, employing hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel-mediated local delivery to minimize systemic leakage and degradation.

Clinical features and immunotherapy outcomes in antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare clinical features, laboratory findings, and immunotherapy responses between antibody-positive and antibody-negative Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 60 AE patients (33 antibody-positive, 27 antibody-negative) diagnosed at Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University between January 1, 2016, and March 1, 2024 was conducted. Disease severity and treatment response were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and the Clinical Assessment Scale for Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE).

Nanoplastics exposure-induced mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to disrupted stem cell differentiation in human cerebral organoids.

Nanoplastics are ubiquitous in our daily lives, raising concerns about their potential impact on the human brain. Many studies reported that nanoplastics permeate the blood-brain barrier and influence cellular processes in mouse models. However, the neurotoxic effects of ingesting nanoplastics on human brain remain poorly understood.

Efficacy and safety of Vonoprazan-based treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the nine most widely studied Vonoprazan (VPZ)-based treatment regimens along with traditional Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based treatment regimens in eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.

Design: Through searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, we exclusively included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate the efficacy of VPZ-based and PPI-based therapies for H.

Identification of Dementia & Mild Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Elderly Using Machine Learning.

Objective: To assess the role of Machine Learning (ML) in identification critical factors of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.

Methods: 371 elderly individuals were ultimately included in the ML analysis. Demographic information (including gender, age, parity, visual acuity, auditory function, mobility, and medication history) and 35 features from 10 assessment scales were used for modeling.