Efficient Delivery of siRNA via Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids: Inflammation Attenuation and Matrix Regeneration in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is the most common and severe subtype of temporomandibular disease characterized by inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation. Compared with traditional conservative treatment, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have emerged as a more efficient gene-targeted therapeutic tool for TMJOA treatment. Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor orchestrating the inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of TMJOA.

Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids Delivery of Pirfenidone for Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Effects to Treat Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and irreversible lung disease, and developing an effective treatment remains a challenge. The limited therapeutic options are primarily delivered by the oral route, among which pirfenidone (PFD) improves pulmonary dysfunction and patient quality of life. However, its high dose and severe side effects (dyspepsia and systemic photosensitivity) limit its clinical value.

A Novel Bioswitchable miRNA Mimic Delivery System: Therapeutic Strategies Upgraded from Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid System for Fibrotic Disease Treatment and Pyroptosis Pathway Inhibition.

There has been considerable interest in gene vectors and their role in regulating cellular activities and treating diseases since the advent of nucleic acid drugs. MicroRNA (miR) therapeutic strategies are research hotspots as they regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and treat a range of diseases. An original tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) analog, a bioswitchable miR inhibitor delivery system (BiRDS) carrying miR inhibitors, is previously established; however, it remains unknown whether BiRDS can be equipped with miR mimics.