Metabolic mechanism, responses, and functions of genes HDH1, HDH3, and GST1 of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) to the insecticide thiamethoxam.

Misuse of insecticides such as thiamethoxam (TMX) not only affects the quality of tea but also leaves residues in tea. Therefore, exploring the metabolic mechanisms of TMX in tea plants can evaluate effects of pesticides on the environment and human health. Here, effects of TMX on tea plants were studied.

Inhibition of polyphenols on Maillard reaction products and their induction of related diseases: A comprehensive review.

Background: Food products undergo a pronounced Maillard reaction (MR) during the cooking process, leading to the generation of substantial quantities of Maillard reaction products (MRPs). Within this category, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), acrylamide (AA), and heterocyclic amines (HAs) have been implicated as potential risk factors associated with the development of diseases.

Purpose: To explore the effects of polyphenols, a class of bioactive compounds found in plants, on the inhibition of MRPs and related diseases.

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Tea ( L.) from Weeds through Weed-Soil-Tea Transfer and Risk Assessment of Tea Intake.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have been detected in tea and can threaten human health. However, the specific source of PAs in tea is still unclear. Here, 88 dried tea products collected from six major tea-producing areas in Anhui Province, China, were analyzed.

Simultaneous determination of 15 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides in weeds, soil, fresh tea leaves, and tea: Exploring the pollution source of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in tea.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their N-oxides (PANOs) are novel contaminants in tea. However, the source of PA/PANO contamination in tea remains unclear. In this study, 15 PAs/PANOs were extracted from plant samples (tea, fresh tea leaves, and weeds) with 0.

Molecular Mechanism of Lotus Seedpod Oligomeric Procyanidins Inhibiting the Absorption of Oligopeptide-Advanced Glycation End Products.

Research on advanced glycation end product (AGEs) inhibition has generally focused on food processing, but many protein-AGEs will still be taken. Oligopeptide (OLP)-AGEs, as the main form after digestion, will damage human health once absorbed. Here, we investigated the ability of lotus seedpod oligomeric procyanidins (LSOPC) to inhibit the absorption of the OLP-AGEs and elucidated the underlying mechanism.

Metabolic responses of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) to the insecticide thiamethoxam.

Background: Thiamethoxam (TMX) is insecticidal, but also can trigger physiological and metabolic reactions of plant cycles. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological and metabolic effect of TMX on tea plants and its potential benefits.

Results: In this study, dose of TMX (0.

Inhibitory effect of LSOPC on AGEs formation and sensory quality in cookies.

At the conclusion of the Maillard reaction (MR), free amino groups of proteins, amino acids, or lipids with the carboxyl groups of reducing sugars to form stable molecules known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which hasten aging and may potentially be the root cause of a number of chronic degenerative diseases. According to researches, lotus seedpod oligomeric procyanidins (LSOPC), a premium natural antioxidant produced from lotus waste, can be included in cookies to improve flavor and lower the risk of illnesses linked to AGEs. In this work, we used cookies without LSOPC as a control to examine the effects of adding various concentrations of LSOPC (0, 0.

Pyrrolizidine-producing weeds in tea gardens as an indicator of alkaloids in tea.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) can be transferred between plants via soil. Indicators of PAs in tea products are useful for tea garden management. In the present work a total of 37 weed species, 37 weed rhizospheric soils and 24 fresh tea leaf samples were collected from tea gardens, in which PAs were detected in 35 weeds species, 21 soil samples and 10 fresh tea leaves samples.

Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples.

Toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are found in tea samples, which pose a threat to human health. However, the source and route of PA contamination in tea samples have remained unclear. In this work, an adsorbent method combined with UPLC-MS/MS was developed to determine 15 PAs in the weed Ageratum conyzoides L.

Monitoring and Evaluating College Students' Mental Health Based on Big Data Analysis.

Our aim was to overcome the low evaluation accuracy of traditional random sampling methods for college students' mental health, and to use the values of big data of college students' social network behaviors in the prediction and evaluation of their mental health. We monitored and evaluated college students' mental health through big data analysis. After generating the samples of college students' social network behaviors, a mental health monitoring and evaluation model was established based on a support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT).

Enantiomer metabolism of acephate and its metabolite methamidophos in in vitro tea (Camellia sinensis L.) systems: Comparison between cell suspensions and excised tissues.

Enantioselective metabolism of chiral pesticide in plants is very important. In vitro system has become an effective means to study the metabolism of pesticides in plants, but the study on the metabolism of chiral pesticides has not been reported. This work compared the enantiomer metabolic behavior of acephate and its metabolite methamidophos between tea cell suspensions and excised tea stem with leaves.

Study on the Metabolism of Six Systemic Insecticides in a Newly Established Cell Suspension Culture Derived from Tea (Camellia Sinensis L.) Leaves.

A platform for studying insecticide metabolism using in vitro tissues of tea plant was developed. Leaves from sterile tea plantlets were induced to form loose callus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media with the plant hormones 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 1.0 mg L) and kinetin (KT, 0.

Thiamethoxam Metabolism and Metabolic Effects in Cell Suspension Culture of Tea ( Camellia sinensis L.).

Thiamethoxam (TMX) has already been proven to have a physiological effect in plant tissue or cell expect for the insecticidal activity. In our previous study, TMX was verified to be metabolized by tea cells in either a suspension culture or tea plant into several metabolites. Here, tea cell suspension cultures were treated for 45 days to investigate the metabolite effects in both the tea cells and the culture supernatants by nontargeted metabolomics.

Determination of free amino acids in tea by a novel method of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography applying 6-Aminoquinolyl--Hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate reagent.

We describe a novel analytical method for quantification of free amino acids in tea using variable mobile phase pH, elution gradient and column temperature of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The study of mobile phase pH 5.7 was chosen to simultaneous quantification of 19 free amino acids in tea, while it improved maximum resolution of glutamine, histidine and theanine.

Comparison of the Metabolic Behaviors of Six Systemic Insecticides in a Newly Established Cell Suspension Culture Derived from Tea ( Camellia sinensis L.) Leaves.

The use of an in vitro cell suspension to study insecticide metabolism is a simpler strategy compared to using intact plants, especially for a difficult matrix such as tea. In this study, a sterile tea leaf callus was inoculated into B liquid media with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 1.0 mg L) and Kinetin (KT, 0.

Uptake, Translocation, Metabolism, and Distribution of Glyphosate in Nontarget Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis L.).

The uptake, translocation, metabolism, and distribution behavior of glyphosate in nontarget tea plant were investigated. The negative effects appeared to grown tea saplings when the nutrient solution contained glyphosate above 200 mg L. Glyphosate was highest in the roots of the tea plant, where it was also metabolized to aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA).

Optimized combination of dilution and refined QuEChERS to overcome matrix effects of six types of tea for determination eight neonicotinoid insecticides by ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.

Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) is a primary tool for analysis of low volatility compounds in complex matrices. However, complex matrices, such as different types of tea, complicate analysis through ionization suppression or enhancement. In this study, sample preparation by a refined QuEChERS method combined with a dilution strategy removed almost all matrix effects caused by six types of tea.

Effective extraction method for determination of neonicotinoid residues in tea.

Sample preparation using an absorbent for removal of polyphenols and a solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge for cleanup followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been investigated for the simultaneous determination of eight neonicotinoid insecticides (dinotefuran, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, clothianidin, imidaclothiz, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid). After tea samples were soaked with water and extracted with acetonitrile, sample extracts were treated with an appropriate amount of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) to effectively remove polyphenols. The treated extract was cleaned up with a Carb-PSA cartridge.