Sterically Demanding Flexible Phosphoric Acids for Constructing Efficient and Multi-Purpose Asymmetric Organocatalysts.

Herein, we present a novel approach for various asymmetric transformations of cyclic enones. The combination of readily accessible chiral diamines and sterically demanding flexible phosphoric acids resulted in a simple and highly tunable catalyst framework. The careful optimization of the catalyst components led to the identification of a particularly powerful and multi-purpose organocatalyst, which was successfully applied for asymmetric epoxidations, aziridinations, aza-Michael-initiated cyclizations, as well as for a novel Robinson-like Michael-initiated ring closure/aldol cyclization.

Sterically Demanding Flexible Phosphoric Acids for Constructing Efficient and Multi-Purpose Asymmetric Organocatalysts.

Herein, we present a novel approach for various asymmetric transformations of cyclic enones. The combination of readily accessible chiral diamines and sterically demanding flexible phosphoric acids resulted in a simple and highly tunable catalyst framework. The careful optimization of the catalyst components led to the identification of a particularly powerful and multi-purpose organocatalyst, which was successfully applied for asymmetric epoxidations, aziridinations, aza-Michael-initiated cyclizations, as well as for a novel Robinson-like Michael-initiated ring closure/aldol cyclization.

The Effect of GBA Mutations and APOE Polymorphisms on Dementia with Lewy Bodies in Ashkenazi Jews.

Background: Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene mutations and APOE polymorphisms are common in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), however their clinical impact is only partially elucidated.

Objective: To explore the clinical impact of mutations in the GBA gene and APOE polymorphisms separately and in combination, in a cohort of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) patients with DLB.

Methods: One hundred consecutively recruited AJ patients with clinically diagnosed DLB underwent genotyping for GBA mutations and APOE polymorphisms, and performed cognitive and motor clinical assessments.

[FAMINE IN JEWISH HISTORY AND THE METABOLIC CONSEQUENCES].

Famine, with its pathological consequences was, apart from climacteric events, used by various dictatorships as a weapon for genocide, This was the case of Nazi Germany using food confiscation from occupied populations, affecting, in particular, the incarcerated Jews, Although food production in the 20th century was sufficient for the global population, World War II lead to a wide range of famine in Europe. The condition resulting from starvation led, in the survivors, to a multi-system Shoah syndrome, with propensity to generational inheritance.

Identifying opportunities to improve medication management in transitions of care.

Purpose: The types and causes of medication discrepancies during the transition from inpatient to ambulatory care were investigated.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted at an academic outpatient group practice affiliated with a private nonacademic hospital to (1) describe discrepancies between inpatient discharge summaries and patient-reported medication lists, (2) identify patient and system factors related to breakdowns in medication documentation, and (3) determine reasons for medication discrepancies. During a four-month period, 17 patients at high risk for medication misadventures while transitioning from hospital care to outpatient follow-up were contacted by telephone soon after discharge and asked to provide information on all medications they were taking.

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and three-dimensional fluorometry for detection of volatile and bioactive substances in some berries.

The volatile fractions of Cape gooseberry and blueberry were determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC×GC-TOFMS). The highest amount of alcohol (51.8%), ester (32.

Health-promoting effects of ethylene-treated kiwifruit 'Hayward' from conventional and organic crops in rats fed an atherogenic diet.

Kiwifruit is a subtropical fruit that is very popular among consumers. Kiwifruit 'Hayward' ( Actinidia deliciosa C.F.

Improved access to temporary pacing in Denmark.

Introduction: The aim was to illustrate current use of temporary pacing (TP) in Denmark by replicating a questionnaire study from 1986 and to compare the results of the two studies.

Material And Methods: The questionnaire was sent to Danish hospitals treating patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To illustrate potential changes in the indications for TP, the questionnaire included two case reports also used in 1986.

Comparison of gentamicin and mupirocin in the prevention of exit-site infection and peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis.

Exit-site infection (ESI) and peritonitis are the most frequent reasons for catheter removal and patient drop-out from peritoneal dialysis (PD). After a randomized double-blind study showed gentamicin to be superior to mupirocin for exit-site prophylaxis, several dialysis centers including ours switched from topical mupirocin to gentamicin. Our study examined whether the change from mupirocin to gentamicin affected ESI and peritonitis rates.

SPIKE--a database, visualization and analysis tool of cellular signaling pathways.

Background: Biological signaling pathways that govern cellular physiology form an intricate web of tightly regulated interlocking processes. Data on these regulatory networks are accumulating at an unprecedented pace. The assimilation, visualization and interpretation of these data have become a major challenge in biological research, and once met, will greatly boost our ability to understand cell functioning on a systems level.

[Focal osteochondral necrosis of the femoral head of an adult after Legg-Calve-Perthes disease in childhood].

In the treatment of circumscribed osteochondral lesions of the knee and the ankle joint autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) has been established as one of the possible operative therapies. However, there is less experience with the use of AOT on other joints (shoulder, elbow). The care of osteochondral defects of the hip joint with autologous osteochondral transplantation can still be regarded as an absolute rarity.

Treatment of primary headache in the emergency department.

Background: Each year many patients present to an emergency department for treatment of acute primary headache. We investigated the diagnosis and clinical outcome of patients treated for primary headache in the emergency department.

Methods: Patients treated for acute primary headache in the emergency department completed a questionnaire related to their headache symptoms, response to treatment, and ability to return to normal function.

Seasonal variability of phytoplankton at Varna Bay (Black Sea).

Intrinsic fluorescence and SDS-PAGE analysis were employed to study the seasonal qualitative and quantitative changes of phytoplankton composition at Varna Bay (Black Sea). Variation in the maximum emission wavelength (lambda(max)) of the phytoplankton proteins (398 nm in the summer and 340 nm in the spring) was observed. In addition, a decrease in fluorescence intensity, and a shift in lambda(max) as a result of changes in phytoplankton protein stability, according to the season, was noted.

Structural changes in plasma circulating fibrinogen after moderate beer consumption as determined by electrophoresis and spectroscopy.

The effects of short-term moderate beer consumption (MBC) on plasma circulating fibrinogen (PCF) in patients suffering from coronary atherosclerosis were investigated by use of 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), circular dichroism (CD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Forty-eight volunteers after coronary bypass surgery were divided into experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups, each of 24. Patients of the EG group consumed 330 mL of beer/day (about 20 g of alcohol) for 30 consecutive days, and CG volunteers drank mineral water instead of beer.

Structure characterization of human serum proteins in solution and dry state.

The present report describes application of advanced analytical methods to establish correlation between changes in human serum proteins of patients with coronary atherosclerosis (protein metabolism) before and after moderate beer consumption. Intrinsic fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), differential scanning calorimetry and hydrophobicity (So) were used to study human serum proteins. Globulin and albumin from human serum (HSG and HSA, respectively) were denatured with 8 m urea as the maximal concentration.

Characterization of soluble amaranth and soybean proteins based on fluorescence, hydrophobicity, electrophoresis, amino Acid analysis, circular dichroism, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements.

Intrinsic fluorescence (IF), surface hydrophobicity (S(o)), electrophoresis, amino acid analysis, circular dichroism (CD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study folded and unfolded soluble proteins from Amaranthus hypochondriacus (A. h.) and soybean (S).

Beer consumption and changes in stability of human serum proteins.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of beer consumption (BC) on the functional and structural properties of human serum proteins (HSP). Thirty-eight volunteers (after coronary bypass) were divided into two groups: experimental (EG) and control (CG). Nineteen volunteers of the EG consumed 330 mL per day of beer (about 20 g of alcohol) for 30 consecutive days.

Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of human serum proteins and related conformational changes.

The unfolding of human serum proteins (HSP) was studied by measuring the intrinsic fluorescence intensity at a wavelength of excitation corresponding to tryptophan's or typosine's fluorescence and surface hydrophobicity. The maxima emission wavelengths (lambdamax) of human serum albumin (HSA) and human serum globulin (HSG) before beer consumption (BC) were 336.0 and 337.

Comparative contents of dietary fiber, total phenolics, and minerals in persimmons and apples.

Dietary fibers, major phenolics, main minerals, and trace elements in persimmons and apples were analyzed and compared in order to choose a preferable fruit for an antiatherosclerotic diet. Fluorometry and atomic absorption spectrometry following microwave digestion were optimized for the determination of major phenolics and minerals. Total, soluble, and insoluble dietary fibers, total phenols, epicatechin, gallic and p-coumaric acids, and concentrations of Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, and Mn in whole persimmons, their pulps, and peels were significantly higher than in whole apples, pulps, and peels (P < 0.

Monitoring of the natural environment by chemical speciation of elements in aerosol and sediment samples.

The development of a monitoring network for chemical speciation of elements of aerosol and sediment samples collected at Lake Balaton has been carried out. Sequential leaching procedures for the determination of the distribution of elements in aerosols (3 steps) and sediments (4 steps) were used. These methods were recently successfully applied to describe environmentally mobile and stable fractions of toxic metals.

The 50-millilitre syringe as an inexpensive training aid in the application of cricoid pressure.

A recent study in our department demonstrated that depressing the plunger of a 50-mL syringe was reliably and linearly related to the force applied between 20 N and 50 N. Using a 50-mL syringe we constructed a simple device to help train anaesthetic assistants to apply cricoid pressure correctly. We then tested anaesthetists, operating department practitioners (non-physicians) and nurses in our hospital to see if they could correctly apply forces of 20 and 40 N.

Entonox equipment as a potential source of cross-infection.

A survey of the hospitals with obstetric units within the Anglia and Oxford Region was performed to assess current practices regarding the cleaning of, and use of filters with, Entonox apparatus. The survey revealed that there was no consensus regarding the cleaning of the equipment and, in contrast to anaesthetic machines in which microbiological filters are recommended and in widespread use, only 10% of the hospitals surveyed were using such filters with the Entonox apparatus in their units. Cleaning procedures were changed in 75% of hospitals when dealing with known 'high-risk' patients, the remaining hospitals treating all patients as 'high-risk' or denied caring for such patients.