Clearance of ethylene glycol by kidneys and hemodialysis.

A patient with acute ethylene glycol poisoning was treated with ethanol administration and hemodialysis, and his renal function remained consistently normal. Serial measurements of serum and urine levels of urea, creatinine, ethylene glycol, and ethanol were performed to compare the relative contributions of the hemodialyzer and the patient's kidneys in clearing ethylene glycol from the blood. Simultaneous measurements of the serum-osmolal gap (corrected for ethanol) and anion gap were correlated with these data.

Song sequence discrimination in the black-capped chickadee (Parus atricapillus).

Captive black-capped chickadees (Parus atricapillus) were presented with normal and altered versions of their species-specific "fee bee" song, to determine how note type, number, and sequence affect recognition. The number of perch changes and vocalizations (analyzed separately) given in response to playback did not differ reliably as a function of song type, whereas latency to first vocalization after playback did. In an initial experiment using two-note songs, birds vocalized sooner to songs beginning with fee than with bee and to fee bee than to fee fee.

Actinomycosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex.

The first case, to our knowledge, of cervicofacial actinomycosis arising in a patient with evidence of infection by the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type III, the causal agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is reported. Clinical uncertainty often exists in cases of actinomycosis due to the relative rarity of the disease, a clinical presentation that is compatible with a host of neoplastic and other infectious disorders, and difficulty in obtaining absolute bacteriologic documentation. Computed tomography was of interest in this case, since the radiographic findings could be correlated with pathophysiologic changes characteristic of this uncommon infection.

Fluorescein elimination as a measure of island flap perfusion.

The fluorescein test has been used as a means of assessing flap viability for almost 40 years. This study was performed in an attempt to determine if recording of the elimination of dye--combined with dye uptake measurement--could provide reliable and consistent monitoring of island flap perfusion.

A dosing nomogram for continuous infusion intravenous naloxone.

Naloxone hydrochloride is extremely valuable for diagnosing and managing the opioid overdose. Due to naloxone's short half life and a long duration of action of most opioids, repeated naloxone dosing often is required to prevent the recurrence of respiratory depression. An alternative to repeated bolus administration is a continuous IV infusion.

Chemical characterization of circulating porcine ileal polypeptide in plasma from normal adult pigs.

Antisera against porcine ileal polypeptide (PIP) were raised in New Zealand rabbits and tested in a double antibody immunoassay system. All reactants were diluted in Veronal buffer, pH 8.6, and benzamidine hydrochloride (BzCl) was added to all tubes to a concentration of 1 mM.

Outpatient management of acute and chronic poisoning.

Approximately 70 per cent of all poisonings reported to poison control centers will be referred after home or hospital management to the primary care physician. When a patient presents to the physician's office following a poisoning, the care provider must know when hospitalization is needed, what equipment should be available, and where information about the toxin can be obtained.

Management of lacrimal fossa masses.

Mass lesions of the lacrimal fossa are evenly divided between epithelial and nonepithelial diseases. Nonepithelial lesions include pseudotumor, benign lymphoid hyperplasia, lymphoma, and sarcoid. Epithelial lesions are evenly divided between benign and malignant neoplasia, and are similar to those of the salivary glands.

Behavioral effects of cyclic dosing with methylmercury in pigeons.

The present experiments examined the effects of cyclic dosing with methylmercury (MeHg) on some psychological functions in pigeons. A delayed sequence discrimination task involving order competency and a feeding task involving perceptual motor skill were tested in pigeons dosed with 2.0 mg/kg, 0.

A new autologous fibrinogen-based adhesive for otologic surgery.

Many middle ear reconstructive procedures would be facilitated by use of a relatively safe surgical adhesive. A fibrinogen-based adhesive (Tisseel) has been effective in otologic surgery in Europe, but because it is derived from pooled human blood, it carries a risk of transmitting hepatitis, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and other illnesses. This report details a new procedure for creating an autologous fibrinogen-based adhesive, obviating these risks.

Clinical assessment of flap perfusion by fiberoptic fluorometry.

Perfusion fluorometry, a method which quantifies tissue fluorescence after intravenous fluorescein injection, has been highly predictive of skin flap survival in animals. It is advantageous because it is objective, simple, noninvasive, repeatable, and can be used to monitor flap perfusion constantly by following both uptake and elimination of dye. We applied this method clinically to a variety of flaps used in head and neck surgery.

A prospective study of endotracheal tube cytology in head and neck cancer patients.

A prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of endotracheal tube contamination by malignant cells in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing bronchoscopy. In 67 consecutive patients, bronchoscopy was performed with a flexible instrument, through or beside the endotracheal tube. Following the procedure, the inside and outside of the tube were washed and the specimens examined cytologically.

Serum lidocaine concentrations following subcutaneous administration.

Serum lidocaine concentrations were determined following subcutaneous administration for local anesthesia in the management of lacerations in the emergency room setting. Thirty patients received doses of lidocaine hydrochloride 1% solution ranging from 10 to 300 mg. Venous blood samples were drawn 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after lidocaine administration.

Fiberoptic fluorometer for skin flap assessment.

The fiberoptic fluorometer permits quantitative measurement of fluorescence after intravenous administration of fluorescein. Accurate assessment of tissue fluorescence can be made at any time after the injection, and both uptake and elimination of fluorescein can be followed. The instrument provides instantaneous digital readout of the fluorescence measured in dye fluorescence (DF) units and an index predictive of viability called the dye fluorescence index (DFI).

Monitoring free flap perfusion by serial fluorometry.

An efficient method to evaluate the patency of microvascular anastomoses and to predict flap viability is crucial when free flaps are used in reconstructive surgery. We report a study of 60 neurovascular island flaps in rats where the nutrient artery and/or vein were transected and anastomosed. Fluorescein dye was injected immediately after anastomosis, and the uptake and elimination of dye were quantified at 5-minute intervals with the fiberoptic perfusion fluorometer.

New York City's Poison Control Center: a systematic approach to a complex problem.

A pooling of public and private resources has created a regional poison control system which provides information and education to the medical and lay communities of metropolitan New York City. An overview of the poisoning problem on a national scale is followed by a description of the operations by the Center, and a special volunteer effort.