Depression, anxiety, and development of obesity from childhood to young adulthood in China.

Objective: To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal bidirectional associations of depression and anxiety symptoms with the development of obesity over time among children and adolescents in different age groups from childhood to young adulthood.

Methods: This is a three-wave longitudinal study that included >200,000 school-aged children between 5 and 18 years. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months.

Concurrent and longitudinal associations of dissatisfaction with height and weight, body mass index with sleep disturbance among adolescents in China.

Sleep disturbance in adolescents is a significant global public health issue that can result in various physical and mental disorders. Height and weight dissatisfaction, as subjective perceptions of body shape, are common in adolescence and may affect individuals' sleep situations. However, the association of them is unclear.

Murine models of neonatal susceptibility to a clinical strain of enterovirus A71.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is neurotropic and one of the primary enteric pathogens responsible for severe central nervous system infection in infants and young children. Neonatal mice are ideal models for studying the pathogenesis of infection caused by EV-A71. In this study, we assessed the susceptibility of neonatal BALB/c, C57BL/6, ICR, Kunming, and NIH mice to a clinically isolated EV-A71 strain.

Endogenous ethanol produced by intestinal bacteria induces mitochondrial dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aim: A causal relationship between changes of the gut microbiome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. We demonstrated that endogenous ethanol (EnEth) produced by intestinal microbiota is likely a causative agent of NAFLD.

Methods: Two mutants with different alcohol-producing abilities, namely, W14-adh and W14Δadh, were constructed using the clinical high alcohol-producing (HiAlc) Klebsiella pneumoniae strain W14 as a parent.

Fatty Liver Disease Caused by High-Alcohol-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The underlying etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is believed to be quite varied. Changes in the gut microbiota have been investigated and are believed to contribute to at least some cases of the disease, though a causal relationship remains unclear. Here, we show that high-alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn) is associated with up to 60% of individuals with NAFLD in a Chinese cohort.

Synergistic effect of magnetite and zero-valent iron on anaerobic degradation and methanogenesis of phenol.

Anaerobic digestion is widely employed for treating phenol-containing wastewater, but there are still some drawbacks such as slow phenol degradation rate and vulnerable acetoclastic methanogens. Coupling of magnetite (FeO) and zero valent iron (ZVI) was firstly used to enhance anaerobic digestion of phenol. The results indicated an obvious synergistic effect was generated with coupling of FeO and ZVI during the whole anaerobic digestion of phenol.

Effects of a Lactulose-Rich Diet on Fecal Microbiome and Metabolome in Pregnant Mice.

Lactulose, a safe and beneficial molecule, can be used in food as a prebiotic and as an osmotic laxative during pregnancy. This work evaluated the effects of dietary lactulose on the gut microenvironment of pregnant mice using the fecal microbiota and metabolomic profiling. After 2 weeks of feeding, the and abundances in the mouse feces were significantly increased in the LAC-high (the diet supplemented with 15% lactulose) group.

Characterizing the Biology of Lytic Bacteriophage vB_EaeM_φEap-3 Infecting Multidrug-Resistant .

Carbapenem-resistant strains are a major clinical problem because of the lack of effective alternative antibiotics. However, viruses that lyze bacteria, called bacteriophages, have potential therapeutic applications in the control of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In the present study, a lytic bacteriophage specific for isolates, designated vB_EaeM_φEap-3, was characterized.

Targeting the Gut Microbiota to Investigate the Mechanism of Lactulose in Negating the Effects of a High-Salt Diet on Hypertension.

Scope: High-salt diets (HSDs) are widely considered to cause health problems such as gut microecological imbalances, constipation, and hypertension. This study explores how lactulose as a safe molecule can stimulate bodily responses to alleviate salt-sensitive hypertension by regulating the gut microbiotas of HSD-fed mice.

Methods And Results: After 4 weeks, the blood pressures of mice fed a high-salt plus lactulose diet (HSLD) are significantly lower than those of the HSD-fed mice.

Identification and molecular characterization of Serratia marcescens phages vB_SmaA_2050H1 and vB_SmaM_2050HW.

Serratia marcescens is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium causing nosocomially acquired infections. Bacteriophages are natural opponents of their pathogenic bacterial hosts and could be an alternative to traditional antibiotic treatments. In this study, two S.

Characterization of Tail Sheath Protein of N4-Like Phage phiAxp-3.

phage phiAxp-3, an N4-like bacteriophage, specifically recognize lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as its receptor. PhiAxp-3 tail sheath protein (TSP, ORF69) shares 54% amino acid sequence identity with the TSP of phage N4 (gp65); the latter functions as a receptor binding protein and interacts with the outer membrane receptor NfrA of its host bacterium. Thus, we hypothesized that ORF69 is the receptor-binding protein of phiAxp-3.

Rapid visual detection of binary toxin producing by loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

The binary toxin transferase (CDT) is frequently observed in strains and is associated with an increased severity of infection. CDT-producing infections cause higher fatality rates than infections with CDT negative isolates. Thus, the rapid and accurate identification of a CDT positive infection is critical for effective treatment.

Effect of Functional Oligosaccharides and Ordinary Dietary Fiber on Intestinal Microbiota Diversity.

Functional oligosaccharides, known as prebiotics, and ordinary dietary fiber have important roles in modulating the structure of intestinal microbiota. To investigate their effects on the intestinal microecosystem, three kinds of diets containing different prebiotics were used to feed mice for 3 weeks, as follows: GI (galacto-oligosaccharides and inulin), PF (polydextrose and insoluble dietary fiber from bran), and a GI/PF mixture (GI and PF, 1:1), 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolic analysis of mice feces were then conducted. Compared to the control group, the different prebiotics diets had varying effects on the structure and diversity of intestinal microbiota.

Community-Metabolome Correlations of Gut Microbiota from Child-Turcotte-Pugh of A and B Patients.

The gut flora are widely involved in the cometabolism with the host and have evident effects on the metabolic phenotype of host. This study performed a metabolome analysis of the intestinal microbiota specific for liver cirrhosis. The study population included patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh score of A (AP, = 5) and B (BP, = 5), and control subjects (NM, = 3).

Cirrhosis related functionality characteristic of the fecal microbiota as revealed by a metaproteomic approach.

Background: Intestinal microbiota operated as a whole and was closely related with human health. Previous studies had suggested close relationship between liver cirrhosis (LC) and gut microbiota.

Methods: To determine the functional characteristic of the intestinal microbiota specific for liver cirrhosis, the fecal metaproteome of three LC patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score of A, B, and C, and their spouse were first compared using high-throughput approach based on denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in our study.

Identification and molecular characterization of bacteriophage phiAxp-2 of Achromobacter xylosoxidans.

A novel Achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteriophage, phiAxp-2, was isolated from hospital sewage in China. The phage was morphologically and microbiologically characterized, and its one-step growth curve, host range, genomic sequence, and receptor were determined. Its morphology showed that phiAxp-2 belongs to the family Siphoviridae.

Corrigendum: Survey and Visual Detection of Zaire Ebolavirus in Clinical Samples Targeting the Nucleoprotein Gene in Sierra Leone.

[This corrects the article on p. 1332 in vol. 6, PMID: 26648918.

Isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage phiEap-2 infecting multidrug resistant Enterobacter aerogenes.

Enterobacter aerogenes (Enterobacteriaceae) is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes hospital-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, and urinary tract infections. Recently, multidrug-resistant E. aerogenes have been a public health problem.

Isolation and molecular characterisation of Achromobacter phage phiAxp-3, an N4-like bacteriophage.

Achromobacter xylosoxidans, an opportunistic pathogen, is responsible for various nosocomial and community-acquired infections. We isolated phiAxp-3, an N4-like bacteriophage that infects A. xylosoxidans, from hospital waste and studied its genomic and biological properties.

Characterization of a novel Achromobacter xylosoxidans specific siphoviruse: phiAxp-1.

Bacteriophages have recently been considered as an alternative biocontrol tool because of the widespread occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Herein, we isolated a virulent bacteriophage (phiAxp-1) from a water sample of the Bohai sea of China that specifically infects A. xylosoxidans.

Proteomic Profiling of Bifidobacterium bifidum S17 Cultivated Under In Vitro Conditions.

Bifidobacteria are frequently used in probiotic food and dairy products. Bifidobacterium bifidum S17 is a promising probiotic candidate strain that displays strong adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and elicits potent anti-inflammatory capacity both in vitro and in murine models of colitis. The recently sequenced genome of B.