Anatomy and size of , the largest belemnite.

Belemnite rostra are very abundant in Mesozoic marine deposits in many regions. Despite this abundance, soft-tissue specimens of belemnites informing about anatomy and proportions of these coleoid cephalopods are extremely rare and limited to a few moderately large genera like and . For all other genera, we can make inferences on their body proportions and body as well as mantle length by extrapolating from complete material.

Formation of 5-Aminomethyl-2,3-dihydropyridine-4(1)-ones from 4-Amino-tetrahydropyridinylidene Salts.

Various 4-aminotetrahydropyridinylidene salts were treated with aldehydes in an alkaline medium. Their conversion to 5-substituted β-hydroxyketones in a one-step reaction succeeded only with an aliphatic aldehyde. Instead, aromatic aldehydes gave 5-substituted β-aminoketones or a single δ-diketone.

Structure-Activity Relationships and Antiplasmodial Potencies of Novel 3,4-Disubstituted 1,2,5-Oxadiazoles.

The 4-substituted 3-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazole from the Malaria Box Project of the Medicines for Malaria Venture foundation shows very promising selectivity and in vitro activity against . Within the first series of new compounds, various 3-acylamino analogs were prepared. This paper now focuses on the investigation of the importance of the aromatic substituent in ring position 4.

Erector Spinae Plane Block With Liposomal Bupivacaine: Analgesic Adjunct in Adult Pectus Surgery.

Introduction: Pain management may be challenging in patients undergoing pectus excavatum (PE) bar removal surgery. To enhance recovery, opioid sparing strategies with regional anesthesia including ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) have been implemented. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bilateral ESPB with a liposomal bupivacaine/traditional bupivacaine mixture as part of an enhanced patient recovery pathway.

Synthesis and Antiprotozoal Activity of Azabicyclo-Nonane Pyrimidine Hybrids.

2,4-Diaminopyrimidines and (dialkylamino)azabicyclo-nonanes possess activity against protozoan parasites. A series of fused hybrids were synthesized and tested in vitro against pathogens of malaria tropica and sleeping sickness. The activities and selectivities of compounds strongly depended on the substitution pattern of both ring systems as well as on the position of the nitrogen atom in the bicycles.

New Derivatives of the Multi-Stage Active Malaria Box Compound MMV030666 and Their Antiplasmodial Potencies.

MMV's Malaria Box compound MMV030666 shows multi-stage activity against various strains of and lacks resistance development. To evaluate the importance of its diarylether partial structure, diarylthioethers and diphenylamines with varying substitution patterns were prepared. A number of evident structure-activity relationships were revealed.

Antiprotozoal Activity of Azabicyclo-Nonanes Linked to Tetrazole or Sulfonamide Cores.

-(Aminoalkyl)azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes possess antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activity.

Electrocardiographic Changes in a Horse with Induced Myocardial Infarction.

During acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the ischemia and necrosis of the infarcted tissue result in local electrophysiological changes, which bring about deviations of the ST segment and T wave. In this case report, the aim was to investigate whether these changes could be detected with a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) during acute occlusion of the coronary artery in a 15-year-old Standardbred mare (scheduled for euthanasia due to non-cardiac health problems). The left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was occluded using an angioplasty balloon catheter guided through the carotid artery.

Electrocardiographic characteristics of trained and untrained standardbred racehorses.

Background: Long-term exercise induces cardiac remodeling that potentially influences the electrical properties of the heart.

Hypothesis/objectives: We assessed whether training alters cardiac conduction in Standardbred racehorses.

Animals: Two hundred one trained and 52 untrained Standardbred horses.

Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of New 2-Phenoxybenzamides with Antiplasmodial Activity.

The 2-phenoxybenzamide from the Medicines for Malaria Venture Malaria Box Project has shown promising multi-stage activity against different strains of . It was successfully synthesized via a retrosynthetic approach. Subsequently, twenty-one new derivatives were prepared and tested for their in vitro activity against blood stages of the NF54 strain of .

Fossilized leftover falls as sources of palaeoecological data: a 'pabulite' comprising a crustacean, a belemnite and a vertebrate from the Early Jurassic Posidonia Shale.

Especially in Lagerstätten with exceptionally preserved fossils, we can sometimes recognize fossilized remains of meals of animals. We suggest the term leftover fall for the event and the term pabulite for the fossilized meal when it never entered the digestive tract (difference to regurgitalites). Usually, pabulites are incomplete organismal remains and show traces of the predation.

8-Amino-6-Methoxyquinoline-Tetrazole Hybrids: Impact of Linkers on Antiplasmodial Activity.

A new series of compounds was prepared from 6-methoxyquinolin-8-amine or its -(2-aminoethyl) analogue via Ugi-azide reaction. Their linkers between the quinoline and the -butyltetrazole moieties differ in chain length, basicity and substitution. Compounds were tested for their antiplasmodial activity against NF54 as well as their cytotoxicity against L-6-cells.

New Acyl Derivatives of 3-Aminofurazanes and Their Antiplasmodial Activities.

An -acylated furazan-3-amine of a Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) project has shown activity against different strains of . Seventeen new derivatives were prepared and tested in vitro for their activities against blood stages of two strains of . Several structure-activity relationships were revealed.

Accommodation decision-making for postsecondary students with ADHD: Implications for neuropsychologists.

Neuropsychologists are often asked to evaluate students for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to provide documentation to support their requests for academic accommodations in college. Research points to the importance of multi-method, multi-informant data when evaluating ADHD and determining the need for accommodations. However, the Association on Higher Education and Disability (AHEAD) directs disability service providers to give primacy to students' self-reports and their own impressions of students' narratives over objective, third-party data when rendering accommodation decisions.

Refining the marine reptile turnover at the Early-Middle Jurassic transition.

Even though a handful of long-lived reptilian clades dominated Mesozoic marine ecosystems, several biotic turnovers drastically changed the taxonomic composition of these communities. A seemingly slow paced, within-geological period turnover took place across the Early-Middle Jurassic transition. This turnover saw the demise of early neoichthyosaurians, rhomaleosaurid plesiosaurians and early plesiosauroids in favour of ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurians and cryptoclidid and pliosaurid plesiosaurians, clades that will dominate the Late Jurassic and, for two of them, the entire Early Cretaceous as well.

Preparation of new 1,3-dibenzyl tetrahydropyridinylidene ammonium salts and their antimicrobial and anticellular activities.

New 1,3 dibenzyl -tetrahydropyridinylidene ammonium salts have been prepared from unsubstituted or N-benzylated tetrahydropyridinylidene ammonium salts. The antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activities as well as their cytotoxic effects were determined using microplate assays. In addition, their activities against two gram positive and two gram negative bacteria strains and a yeast strain were examined.

Visual Function and Macular Carotenoid Changes in Eyes with Retinal Drusen-An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare a Micronized Lipid-Based Carotenoid Liquid Supplementation and AREDS-2 Formula.

Purpose: To compare the changes in visual and ocular parameters in individuals with retinal drusen who were treated with two commercially available nutritional supplements.

Methods: An open-label, single-center, randomized, parallel-treatment with an observational control group design was utilized. The treatment groups included individuals with fine retinal drusen sub-clinical age-related macular degeneration (AMD), while the control group consisted of ocular normal individuals.

The role of regional anesthesia in the propagation of cancer: A comprehensive review.

New cancer incidences worldwide will eclipse 18 million in 2019, with nearly 10 million cancer-related deaths. It is estimated that in the United States, almost 40% of individuals will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime. Surgical resection of primary tumors remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment; however, the surgical process can trigger an immune-suppressing sympathetic response, which promotes tumor growth of any residual cancerous cells post surgery.

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships for new 6-fluoroquinoline derivatives with antiplasmodial activity.

The substitution of 6-fluoroquinolines was modified in ring positions 2 and 4. The new compounds were tested in vitro for their activities against a sensitive and a multidrug resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Some physicochemical parametres were calculated (log P, log D, ligand efficiency) or determined experimentally (permeability).

High-Throughput Screening and Selection of Pichia pastoris Strains.

Clone screening procedures for Pichia pastoris expression strain comparison rely on the availability of a cultivation environment that ensures equal growth and production capabilities for all assessed transformants. As clonal variation in such experiments is caused by diverging numbers and possibly also genomic locations of integrated (linearized) expression constructs, the productivity assessment of a larger number of strains is mandatory for selecting a set of strains for follow-up bioreactor cultivations in order to define the best-producing clone. Microscale cultivation provides the means to reliably compare growth and productivity of a large number of transformants and by that narrows down the amount of selected strains for scaling up.

Genotypes and phenotypes of patients with Lafora disease living in Germany.

Background: Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy (Lafora disease) is a rare, usually childhood-onset, fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by biallelic mutations in (Laforin) or (, Malin). The epidemiology of Lafora disease in Germany is largely unknown. The objective of this retrospective case series is to characterize the genotypes and phenotypes of patients with Lafora disease living in Germany.

Antiprotozoal Activities of Tetrazole-quinolines with Aminopiperidine Linker.

Background: Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT, sleeping sickness) and Malaria both are insect vectored tropical diseases. Only a couple of drugs is able to cure HAT, but all of them are toxic, prone to resistance and require parenteral administration. Malaria is responsible for high morbidity and mortality in humans.