[Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Influencing Factors in Cultivated Land in Major Grain-producing Areas： A Case Study of Hebei Province].

Assessing the spatial differentiation characteristics of soil organic carbon （SOC） in cultivated land in major grain-producing areas is important for regional cultivated land quality management and national food security. We investigated 519 soil profiles of cultivated land in Hebei Province （0-120 cm equally divided into six layers）, and obtained 2961 samples. We used geostatistical methods and spatial exploratory analysis to reveal the spatial distribution pattern of SOC in cultivated land in Hebei Province and the impacts of climate, topography, geomorphology, soil properties, and anthropogenic use on the spatial distribution of SOC in cultivated land soils.

Effects of exogenous zinc on the physiological characteristics and enzyme activities of Sims f seedlings.

Passionflower ( Sims) is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas for edible, medicinal and skin care product processing, and the market demand is large. Zinc (Zn) is a necessary trace element for plant growth and development. In many countries, the content of Zn in soil is low and/or bioavailability is low.

Multi-Response Optimization of High-Performance Low-pH Grouting Materials by Using Taguchi-Based Grey Relational Analysis.

The most accepted approach to sealing in high-level radioactive waste repositories (HLRWs) is to develop a low-pH grouting material with a pH of the pore solution of less than 11. Currently, the most widely used binary low-pH grouting material is MCSF64, which comprises 60% microfine cement (MC) and 40% silica fume (SF). In this study, a high-performance MCSF64-based grouting material was developed by incorporating naphthalene superplasticizer (NSP), aluminum sulfate (AS), and united expansion agent (UEA) to enhance the slurry's shear strength, compressive strength, and hydration process.

Unravel the regulatory mechanism of Yrr1p phosphorylation in response to vanillin stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Improving the resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to vanillin, derived from lignin, will benefit the design of robust cell factories for lignocellulosic biorefining. The transcription factor Yrr1p mediates S. cerevisiae resistance to various compounds.

Capture Hi-C reveals the influence on dynamic three-dimensional chromosome organization perturbed by genetic variation or vanillin stress in .

Studying the mechanisms of resistance to vanillin in microorganisms, which is derived from lignin and blocks a major pathway of DNA double-strand break repair in yeast, will benefit the design of robust cell factories that produce biofuels and chemicals using lignocellulosic materials. A high vanillin-tolerant strain EMV-8 carrying site mutations compared to its parent strain NAN-27 was selected for the analyses. The dynamics of the chromatin structure of eukaryotic cells play a critical role in transcription and the regulation of gene expression and thus the phenotype.

Proteomic analysis revealed the roles of YRR1 deletion in enhancing the vanillin resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Background: Vanillin is one of the important phenolic inhibitors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials and has been reported to inhibit the translation process in cells. In our previous studies, it was confirmed that the deletion of the transcription factor gene YRR1 enhanced vanillin resistance by promoting some translation-related processes at the transcription level. In this work, we investigated the effects of proteomic changes upon induction of vanillin stress and deletion of YRR1 to provide unique perspectives from a transcriptome analysis for comprehending the mechanisms of YRR1 deletion in the protective response of yeast to vanillin.

Genome-wide survey of the F-box/Kelch (FBK) members and molecular identification of a novel FBK gene TaAFR in wheat.

F-box proteins play critical roles in plant responses to biotic/abiotic stresses. In the present study, a total of 68 wheat F-box/Kelch (TaFBK) genes, unevenly distributed across 21 chromosomes and encoding 74 proteins, were identified in EnsemblPlants. Protein sequences were compared with those of Arabidopsis and three cereal species by phylogenetic and domain analyses, where the wheat sequences were resolved into 6 clades.

Identification and expression analysis of some wheat F-box subfamilies during plant development and infection by Puccinia triticina.

As one of the largest protein families in plants, F-box proteins are involved in many important cellular processes. Until now, a limited number of investigations have been conducted on wheat F-box genes due to its variable structure and large and polyploid genome. Classification, identification, structural analysis, evolutionary relationship, and chromosomal distribution of some wheat F-box genes are described in the present study.

Enniatin Production Influences Virulence on Potato Tubers, but not on Durum Wheat or Peas.

is a generalist pathogen responsible for diseases in numerous crop species. The fungus produces a series of mycotoxins including the cyclohexadepsipeptide enniatins. Mycotoxins can be pathogenicity and virulence factors in various plant-pathogen interactions, and enniatins have been shown to influence aggressiveness on potato tubers.

Simultaneous chemical fingerprint and quantitative analysis of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae by accelerated solvent extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae (RSG) is a well-known herbal medicine with the homology of medicine and food. In this study, simultaneous chemical fingerprint and quantitative analysis of the bioactive flavonoid components of RSG were developed using accelerated solvent extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. The operational parameters of accelerated solvent extraction including extraction solvent, extraction temperature, static extraction time, solid-to-liquid ratio, and extraction cycles were optimized.

Isolation and purification of diastereoisomeric flavonolignans from silymarin by binary-column recycling preparative high-performance liquid chromatography.

Silymarin extracted from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn consists of a large number of flavonolignans, of which diastereoisomeric flavonolignans including silybin A and silybin B, and isosilybin A and isosilybin B are the main bioactive components, whose preparation from the crude extracts is still a difficult task. In this work, binary-column recycling preparative high-performance liquid chromatography systems without sample loop trapping, where two columns were switched alternately via one or two six-port switching valves, were established and successfully applied to the isolation and purification of the four diastereoisomeric flavonolignans from silymarin.

An efficient strategy based on MAE, HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and 2D-prep-HPLC-DAD for the rapid extraction, separation, identification and purification of five active coumarin components from Radix Angelicae Dahuricae.

Introduction: Further studies of active coumarin components in Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (AE) are absolutely essential to provide data on pharmacology, toxicology and quality for innovative drug candidates. Thus, the preparation of active component standards and the administration of coumarin monomers should be carried out. The isolation of the low-level active components from complex Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) samples necessitates the development of rapid, simple and economical modern extraction, separation, identification and purification methods.

Isolation and purification of isoflavonoids from Rhizoma Belamcandae by two-dimensional preparative high-performance liquid chromatography with column switch technology.

A two-dimensional column-switching system without sample loop trapping, where two columns were operated via a six-port switching valve, was employed in the isolation and purification of five isoflavonoids from Rhizoma Belamcandae: tectoridin, iridin, tectorigenin, irigenin and irisflorentin. The introduction of the six-port switching value, instead of a sample loop, assured 100% recovery from the first dimension to the second, and the injection volumes of the second dimension were not restricted. Two configurations were tested in this study.

Isolation and purification of iridoid glycosides from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis by isocratic reversed-phase two-dimensional preparative high-performance liquid chromatography with column switch technology.

A two-dimensional column-switching system without sample loop trapping, where two columns were switched directly via a six-port two-position switching valve, was successfully applied for the first time to the isolation and purification of six iridoid glycosides including geniposide, gardenoside, shanzhiside, scandoside methyl ester, deacetyl-asperulosidic acid methyl ester and genipin-1-beta-D-gentiobioside from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, a plant used in the traditional Chinese medicine. The introduction of the six-port switching valve instead of sample loop assured 100% recovery from the first dimension to the second, and the injection volumes of the second dimension could reach 20 ml. In this mode of operation, the sample size of the two-dimensional approach was more than 1.

Isolation and purification of lignans from Magnolia biondii Pamp by isocratic reversed-phase two-dimensional liquid chromatography following microwave-assisted extraction.

The dried flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp are one of the most widely used medicinal plants officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. A 2-D column-switching system without sample loop trapping, where two columns were switched directly via a six-port two-position switching valve, was successfully applied for the first time to the isolation and purification of five lignans including pinoresinol dimethyl ether, magnolin, epi-magnolin A, fargesin, and demethoxyaschantin from M. biondii Pamp after microwave-assisted extraction.

Development and validation of a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous determination of D-amphetamine and diphenhydramine in beagle dog plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study.

A new drug, quick-acting anti-motion capsule (QAAMC) composed of d-amphetamine sulfate, dimenhydrinate and ginger extraction has been studied for anti-motion-sickness use. We have developed a sensitive, specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the quantitative determination of d-amphetamine and diphenhydramine, the main effective components of the QAAMC, using pseudoephedrine as the internal standard. The analytes and internal standard were isolated from 200 microL plasma samples by a simple liquid-liquid extraction (LLE).

Development of a quality evaluation method for Fructus schisandrae by pressurized capillary electrochromatography.

A pressurized CEC (pCEC) method with postcolumn detection cell had been developed for quantifying the lignans from Fructus schisandrae extracts. The effects of different experimental conditions, such as the ACN content of the mobile phase, the concentration and pH of the buffer, the applied voltage, and the supplementary pressure were studied. Five lignans (schisandrin, gomisin A, schisantherin C, deoxyschizandrin, schisandrin B) were baseline separated using a mobile phase of ACN-phosphate buffer (pH 5.

Development of a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the determination of bestatin in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study.

Bestatin is a low molecular weight aminopeptidase inhibitor originally isolated from culture filtrates of Streptomyces olivoreticuli. We have developed a sensitive, specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the quantitative determination of bestatin in rat plasma using granisetron as the internal standard. The analyte and internal standard were isolated from 50 microL plasma samples by solid phase extraction (SPE).

Rapid determination of granisetron in human plasma by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and its application to bioequivalence study.

A simple, sensitive and rapid method for analysis of granisetron in human plasma, utilizing liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), has been developed and validated to satisfy FDA guidelines for bioanalytical methods. The analyte and internal standard (IS) were isolated from 100microl plasma samples by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). A Varian 1200l tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source was operated in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with the precursor-to-product ion transitions m/z 313.