How pupils of different ages perceive menus denoting metaphorical and metonymic expressions: Insights from eye-tracking.

The "embodied" position on language comprehension proposes that metaphor or metonymy understanding can be represented in a distributed network based on previous sensorimotor experience. The current study attempted to investigate how children understood metaphor and metonymy in the context of daily diet that provided rich sensory experience for children. We implemented an eye-tracking experiment where a 2 × 2 × 2 mixed design was employed.

Analysis of composition and source of the key aroma compounds in stir-fried pepper tallow.

Stir-fried pepper tallow is widely used in cooking due to its special flavor, particularly in hot-pot dishes. However, the composition and source of the key aroma compounds in stir-fried pepper tallow are poorly understood, resulting in uneven quality. Here, the key aroma compounds were screened using flavor dilution factors (FD) and odor activity values (OAVs).

Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents.

Objective: Patients with renal failure suffer from symptoms caused by uraemic toxins, possibly of gut microbial origin, as deduced from studies in animals. The aim of the study is to characterise relationships between the intestinal microbiome composition, uraemic toxins and renal failure symptoms in human end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Design: Characterisation of gut microbiome, serum and faecal metabolome and human phenotypes in a cohort of 223 patients with ESRD and 69 healthy controls.