YBX1-driven TUBB6 upregulation facilitates ocular angiogenesis via WNT3A-FZD8 pathway.

Pathological ocular neovascularization, a characteristic feature of proliferative ocular diseases, is a primary contributor to global vision impairment. The dynamics of tubulin are crucial in maintaining ocular homeostasis, closely linked to cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms driving this process is vital for formulating effective therapeutic strategies.

Invertible Diffusion Models for Compressed Sensing.

While deep neural networks (NN) significantly advance image compressed sensing (CS) by improving reconstruction quality, the necessity of training current CS NNs from scratch constrains their effectiveness and hampers rapid deployment. Although recent methods utilize pre-trained diffusion models for image reconstruction, they struggle with slow inference and restricted adaptability to CS. To tackle these challenges, this paper proposes Invertible Diffusion Models (IDM), a novel efficient, end-to-end diffusion-based CS method.

Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Percentage Loss of Tensile Modulus of Epoxy Polymer.

Epoxy resins are critical materials in aerospace applications, yet their mechanical properties, specifically the tensile modulus, can be significantly compromised when exposed to electron irradiation in space environments. To thoroughly examine this degradation, we developed an integrated research approach combining vacuum electron irradiation experiments with multi-scale simulations. Coarse-grained (CG) and Monte Carlo (MC) methods were employed to generate the necessary models and primary knock-on atom (PKA) data, while molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to model the irradiation and tensile processes.

Cardiomyocyte PRL2 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy via Directly Dephosphorylating AMPKα2.

Background: Pathological cardiac hypertrophy can result in heart failure. Protein dephosphorylation plays a primary role in the mediation of various cellular processes in cardiomyocytes. Here, we investigated the effects of a protein tyrosine phosphatase, PRL2 (phosphatase of regenerative liver 2), on pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

First-principles calculation of the stopping power of protons in hexagonal boron nitride with different stacking sequences.

This study employs the real-time time-dependent density functional theory method to conduct an in-depth investigation of the energy dissipation mechanism of proton in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) materials. By calculating the stopping power to quantify the energy dissipation of proton, we find that the energy dissipation in h-BN is primarily dependent on electron excitation, with relatively minor nuclear energy loss. Furthermore, we analyze the micro-dynamic behavior of radiation particles in detail by tracking the forces exerted on proton and the charge transfer process.

Investigation of the mechanical characteristics of porcine brain tissue in complex environments.

: Brain tissue immersed in cerebrospinal fluid often exhibits complex mechanical behaviour, especially the nonlinear stress- strain and rate-dependent responses. Despite extensive research into its material properties, the impact of solution environments on the mechanical behaviour of brain tissue remains limited. This knowledge gap affects the biofidelity of head modelling.

Enhanced antitumor efficacy of STING agonist MSA-2 by lipid nanoparticles delivering circular IL-23 mRNA and platinum-modified MSA-2 combination.

A next-generation STING agonist MSA-2 is a promising tumor immunotherapy strategy. However, the methods for improving the anti-tumor efficacy of MSA-2 are a lot of effort. We have demonstrated antitumor effect of platinum-modified MSA-2 (MSA-2-Pt) was better than MSA-2.

Prediction of individual total amino acids and free amino acids in Chinese Holstein cows milk using mid-infrared spectroscopy and their phenotypic variability.

Establishing a high-throughput detection technology for amino acid (AA) content in milk using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy has profound implications for enhancing nutritional value of milk, identifying superior milk sources, producing specialty dairy products, and expanding Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) metrics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of MIR spectroscopy in predicting the content of 15 individual total AA (TAAs) and 16 free AA (FAAs) in bovine milk as well as to investigate the major factors affecting the phenotypic variability of AA content. From March 2023 to March 2024, 513 milk samples were collected from 10 Holstein dairy farms in China and analyzed using Bentley spectrometers for MIR measurements.

Prediction of the likelihood of conception to first or second insemination in Chinese Holstein cows using milk Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy.

Accurate identification of cows' likelihood of conception during the period from recent calving to the first artificial insemination (AI) will provide assistance in managing the fertility of dairy cows and contribute to the economic prosperity and sustainability of the farm. The purpose of this study was to use FTIR spectroscopy collected from recent calving to the first artificial insemination (AI) to predict the cow's likelihood of conception to first AI, first or second AI. This study specifically focused on the role of FTIR spectral and farm data collected at different time windows in improving the accuracy of model for predicting the cow's likelihood of conception to first AI, first or second AI.

Copper-luteolin nanocomplexes for Mediating multifaceted regulation of oxidative stress, intestinal barrier, and gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease.

Oxidative stress, dysbiosis, and immune dysregulation have been confirmed to play pivotal roles in the complex pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, we design copper ion-luteolin nanocomplexes (CuL NCs) through a metal-polyphenol coordination strategy, which plays a multifaceted role in the amelioration of IBD. The fabricated CuL NCs function as therapeutic agents with exceptional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities because of their great stability and capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Research on adverse event classification algorithm of da Vinci surgical robot based on Bert-BiLSTM model.

This study aims to enhance the classification accuracy of adverse events associated with the da Vinci surgical robot through advanced natural language processing techniques, thereby ensuring medical device safety and protecting patient health. Addressing the issues of incomplete and inconsistent adverse event records, we employed a deep learning model that combines BERT and BiLSTM to predict whether adverse event reports resulted in patient harm. We developed the Bert-BiLSTM-Att_dropout model specifically for text classification tasks with small datasets, optimizing the model's generalization ability and key information capture through the integration of dropout and attention mechanisms.

The impact of the subventricular zone invasion types and MGMT methylation status on tumor recurrence and prognosis in glioblastoma.

Purpose: The prognosis of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) with the subventricular zone (SVZ) invasion is extremely unfavorable but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to conduct a retrospective study to mainly investigate the prognostic value of SVZ invasion and MGMT status, and developed a novel clinical prediction model based on our findings.

Methods: 139 patients with IDH wild-type GBM were retrospectively studied.

Ordered rise and disordered fall: dynamic changes of membrane lipids during girdling-induced tree mortality in Populus yunnanensis.

Understanding the mechanisms behind drought-induced tree mortality is crucial for predicting the impact of global climate change on forests. We studied the mechanism at the cellular level in Populus yunnanensis by profiling membrane lipid molecules in leaves, branch phloem, top and bottom trunk phloem under trunk-girdling-induced drought conditions. We found that both lipid composition and content changed, depending on the tree's tissue positions and the progression of the girdling effect.

Defect-Mediated Exciton Localization and Relaxation in Monolayer MoS.

Defects in chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown monolayer MoS are unavoidable and provide a powerful approach to creating single-photon emitters and quantum information systems through localizing excitons. However, insight into the A trion and B/C exciton localization in monolayer MoS remains elusive. Here, we investigate defect-mediated A trion and B/C exciton localization and relaxation in CVD-grown monolayer MoS samples via transient absorption spectroscopy.

Single-Cell Simultaneous Metabolome and Transcriptome Profiling Revealing Metabolite-Gene Correlation Network.

Metabolic studies at the single cell level can directly define the cellular phenotype closest to physiological or disease states. However, the current single cell metabolome (SCM) study using mass spectroscopy has difficulty giving a complete view of the metabolic activity in the cell, and the prediction of the metabolism-phenotype relationship is limited by the potential inconsistency between transcriptomic and metabolic levels. Here, the single-cell simultaneous metabolome and transcriptome profiling method (scMeT-seq) is developed at one single cell, based on sub-picoliter sampling from the cell for the initial metabolome profiling followed by single cell transcriptome sequencing.

Ambient air pollution exposure, plasma metabolomic markers, and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Both air pollution (AP) and impaired lipid metabolism contribute to type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, little is known about the detailed associations of AP to lipidomic markers and the specific lipid metabolomic profile that mediates the impact of AP on incident T2D. We aimed to examine the associations between long-term AP exposure, plasma metabolomic markers, and incident T2D, and subsequently determine the lipid metabolomic profile that mediates the relationship between AP and T2D.

Using chondroitin sulfate lithium hydrogel for diabetic bone regeneration via regulation of macrophage polarization.

Bone regeneration in a diabetic environment remains a clinical challenge because of the proinflammatory microenvironment and malfunction of osteogenesis. Traditional therapy for bone defects doesn't work out in diabetes. Therefore, we introduced lithium (Li) into chondroitin sulfate (CS) and developed a crosslinked hydrogel composed of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and chondroitin sulfate lithium (CS-Li) which could release Li in a sustained manner.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in US adults with dermatitis: a population-based cohort study.

Background: While dermatitis management is primarily symptomatic, the role of diet in symptom exacerbation and improvement is increasingly recognized. The dietary inflammatory index (DII), a quantitative assessment tool for dietary inflammatory potential, has been associated with various chronic diseases but remains understudied in dermatitis. This cohort study investigated the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality among patients with dermatitis.

Applications of Novel Microscale and Nanoscale Materials for Theranostics: From Design to Clinical Translation.

The growing global prevalence of chronic diseases has highlighted the limitations of conventional drug delivery methods, which often suffer from non-specific distribution, systemic toxicity, and poor bioavailability. Microscale and nanoscale materials have emerged as innovative solutions, offering enhanced targeting, controlled release, and the convergence of therapeutic and diagnostic functions, referred to as theranostics. This review explores the design principles, mechanisms of action, and clinical applications of various novel micro- and nanomaterials in diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and infectious diseases.

Association between periodontitis with the all-cause and cause specific mortality among the population with hyperlipidemia.

Background: To explore the association between periodontitis and all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality rates in U.S. adults with hyperlipidemia.

Cadmium and calcium ions' effects on the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia are related to phosphatidylethanolamine content.

Heavy metal Cd can easily be accumulated by fungi, causing significant stress, with the fungal cell membrane being one of the primary targets. However, the understanding of the mechanisms behind this stress remains limited. This study investigated the changes in membrane lipid molecules of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia under Cd stress and the antagonistic effect of Ca on this stress.

An Insight into the Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional C/C Composites Considering the Effect of Pore Microstructures via Numerical Calculation.

Pores are common defects generated during fabrication, which restrict the application of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites. To quantitatively understand the effects of pores on mechanical strength, this paper proposes a representative volume element model of unidirectional (UD) C/C composites based on the finite element method. The Hashin criterion and exponential degraded rule are used as the failure initiation and evolution of pyrolytic carbon matrices, respectively.

Bisphenol A Disrupts Ribosome Function during Ovarian Development of Mice.

This study examines the impact of Bisphenol A (BPA), a prevalent environmental estrogenic toxicant, on the ovarian development of mice. Mice were exposed to varying BPA doses from in utero to postnatal stages, up to weaning (day 21, PND 21) and puberty (day 45, PND 45). The BPA content in the serum of the offspring mice on PND 45 was higher than that of the mice sacrificed at PND 21.

Association of periodontitis with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with depression: a population-based study.

To detect the association between periodontitis and all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality rates among adults diagnosed with depression. Participants diagnosed with depression were selected from NHANES across three periods (1988-1994; 1999-2004; 2009-2014). Cox proportional hazards and Weibull accelerated failure time (AFT) models were utilized to calculate hazard ratios (HRs), time ratios (TRs), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the association between moderate-to-severe periodontitis and all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality among participants with depression.