Exosomal microRNA-Based therapies for skin diseases.

Based on engineered cell/exosome technology and various skin-related animal models, exosomal microRNA (miRNA)-based therapies derived from natural exosomes have shown good therapeutic effects on nine skin diseases, including full-thickness skin defects, diabetic ulcers, skin burns, hypertrophic scars, psoriasis, systemic sclerosis, atopic dermatitis, skin aging, and hair loss. Comparative experimental research showed that the therapeutic effect of miRNA-overexpressing exosomes was better than that of their natural exosomes. Using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, the targets of all therapeutic miRNAs in skin cells have been screened and confirmed.

Mangiferin suppresses allergic asthma symptoms by decreased Th9 and Th17 responses and increased Treg response.

Mangiferin is the major bioactive ingredient in the leaves of Mangifera indica L., Aqueous extract of such leaves have been traditionally used as an indigenous remedy for respiratory diseases including cough and asthma in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Mangiferin was shown to exert its anti-asthmatic effect by modulating Th1/Th2 cytokines imbalance via STAT6 signaling pathway.

Targeting cathepsin K diminishes prostate cancer establishment and growth in murine bone.

Background: The processes of prostate cancer (PCa) invasion and metastasis are facilitated by proteolytic cascade involving multiple proteases, such as matrix metalloproteinases, serine proteases and cysteine proteases including cathepsin K (CatK). CatK is predominantly secreted by osteoclasts and specifically degrades collagen I leading to bone destruction. PCa and breast cancer preferentially metastasize to the bone.

Patients with old age or proximal tumors benefit from metabolic syndrome in early stage gastric cancer.

Background: Metabolic syndrome and/or its components have been demonstrated to be risk factors for several cancers. They are also found to influence survival in breast, colon and prostate cancer, but the prognostic value of metabolic syndrome in gastric cancer has not been investigated.

Methods: Clinical data and pre-treatment information of metabolic syndrome of 587 patients diagnosed with early stage gastric cancer were retrospectively collected.

[The clinical study of multi-slice helical CT three-dimensional reconstruction in the sphenopalatine foramen].

Objective: Used multi-slice helical CT to observe the reconstruction of the surface structure of nasal lateral wall "sphenopalatine foramen" and compared with anatomical specimens to verify the dependability of 3D data.

Method: The position, shape, size and their correlational data of sphenopalatine foramen of 5 cadaver heads (10 sides) in adults fixed with formalin were dissected and measured.

Result: Multi-slice helical CT has more rapid speed of 3D reconstruction and clearer imaging.

[The study of microdissection of endoscopic transnasal surgery in the sphenopalatine foramen].

Objective: To provide anatomy evidence for endoscopic transnasal surgery in the sphenopalatine foramen by measuring and dissecting corpses.

Method: The position, shape, size and their correlational data of sphenopalatine foramen of 40 sides skulls in adults were measured.

Result: Classification of the sphenopalatine foramen were as three types: I 35%; II 5%; III 60%.

Modeling and Analysis of Structures of Phospholipase A(2)'s from Venom of Agkistrodon haly Pallas.

We have modeled three-dimensional structures of basic-acidic hybrid phospholipase A(2)-II and neutral phospholipase A(2) from venom of snake Agkistrodon halys Pallas, based on the known structures of basic and acidic phospholipase A(2)'s from the same source. We have compared these structures of phospholipase A(2)'s, explained the results of fluorescent spectrum study on the phospholipase A(2)'s and calculated the electrostatic potential maps on the catalytic active site. We suggest that the electrostatic potential around the catalytic active site of PLA(2) containing a calcium ion favors the binding of the PLA(2) to its substrate with negative charge.