Determinants of delayed onset of lactogenesis II among women who delivered via Cesarean section at a tertiary hospital in China: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Cesarean birth is associated with a higher prevalence of delayed onset of lactogenesis II (DOLII) than vaginal birth. DOLII refers to the delayed initiation of copious milk production beyond 72 h after birth. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, DOLII among women who delivered via Cesarean section in China.

Gut microbial alterations in neonatal jaundice pre- and post-treatment.

Neonatal jaundice is a common disease that affects up to 60% of newborns. Herein, we performed a comparative analysis of the gut microbiome in neonatal jaundice and non-neonatal jaundice infants (NJIs) and identified gut microbial alterations in neonatal jaundice pre- and post-treatment. We prospectively collected 232 fecal samples from 51 infants at five time points (0, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months).