Inpatient preferences among patients with multiple chronic conditions in China: A discrete choice experiment.

Background: Multiple chronic conditions (MCC) have become a leading cause of low vitality and high mortality among the Chinese population. Although a series of policies has been implemented to promote patients' rational access to health care, patients still prefer a higher level of inpatient service, hampering the efficient utilization of resources in county hospitals, which are the first point of contact for inpatient care. Thus, this study aimed to identify the factors that affect MCC patients' inpatient preferences and the extent to which these factors influence their decisions, thereby guiding inpatient service utilization among MCC patients.

Ten years preceding a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease in Europe and Australia: medication use, health conditions, and biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: Many studies have investigated early predictors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, evidence is sparse regarding specific and common predictors for these diseases. We aimed to identify medication use, health conditions, and blood biomarkers that might be associated with the risk of AD, PD, and ALS ten years later.

Associations of cachexia and frailty with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

In the present study, we investigated the associations of cachexia (loss of muscle, weight and fat) and frailty (loss of weight and muscle) status with the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, because these specific terms are rarely used in this research area. In this prospective study, we extracted cachexia and frailty status from the UK Biobank cohort to study the associations of these conditions (as determined via international classification of disease-10 codes) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. There was a greater risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis among individuals with cachexia and frailty status after adjusting for age, sex, income (pounds), body mass index, UK Biobank centers and smoking status.

Single-cell profiling reveals a reduced epithelial defense system, decreased immune responses and the immune regulatory roles of different fibroblast subpopulations in chronic atrophic gastritis.

Purpose: To identify key cellular changes and molecular events in atrophic mucosa, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving the occurrence of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).

Methods: We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize changes in the epithelial state and tissue microenvironment associated with CAG. The molecular changes were identified by comparing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two mucosa states.

The salivary microbiome and oral health status in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B.

Background/purpose: Dysbiosis of oral microbiota has been reported in late stage of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection with cirrhosis. CHB is characterized by the constant virus-induced liver injury which may lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, some patients show normal liver function without antiviral treatment, associating with favourable prognosis.

Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis Is Associated With Precancerous Lesions and Disorders of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract: A Population-Based Study.

Introduction: Oral microbiota may contribute to the development of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) disorders. In this study, we evaluated the association between microbiota of saliva, subgingival, and buccal mucosa and UGI disorders, particularly precancerous lesions. We also aimed to identify which oral site have the greatest potential as biomarkers for the development of UGI cancers.

Identification of serum N-glycans signatures in three major gastrointestinal cancers by high-throughput N-glycome profiling.

Background: Alternative N-glycosylation of serum proteins has been observed in colorectal cancer (CRC), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cancer (GC), while comparative study among those three cancers has not been reported before. We aimed to identify serum N-glycans signatures and introduce a discriminative model across the gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods: The study population was initially screened according to the exclusion criteria process.

The use of machine and deep learning to model the relationship between discomfort temperature and labor productivity loss among petrochemical workers.

Background: Workplace may not only increase the risk of heat-related illnesses and injuries but also compromise work efficiency, particularly in a warming climate. This study aimed to utilize machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms to quantify the impact of temperature discomfort on productivity loss among petrochemical workers and to identify key influencing factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among petrochemical workers between May and September 2023 in Fujian Province, China.

A New Cyst Nematode n. sp. (Nematoda: Heteroderinae) from Rice in China.

A unique cyst nematode population ( spp.) was collected from rice roots in Luoding County, Guangdong Province, China. Morphological and molecular analyses revealed that it is significantly different from all previously described cyst nematode species.

Body mass index and risk of over 100 cancer forms and subtypes in 4.1 million individuals in Sweden: the Obesity and Disease Development Sweden (ODDS) pooled cohort study.

Background: Obesity, assessed by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for 13 cancers. We aimed to identify further potential obesity-related cancers and to quantify their association with BMI relative to that of established obesity-related cancers.

Methods: Using Cox regression models on 4,142,349 individuals in Sweden (mean age 27.

On-site monitoring and numerical simulation on groundwater flow and pollution plume evolution in a hexavalent-chromium contaminated site.

Accurately ascertaining spatiotemporal distribution of pollution plume is critical for evaluating the effectiveness of remediation technologies and environmental risks associated with contaminated sites. This study concentrated on a typical Cr(VI) contaminated smelter being currently remediated using pump-and-treat (PAT) technology. Long-term on-site monitoring data revealed that two highly polluted regions with Cr(VI) concentrations of 162.

Discrepancies between general and central obesity in arterial stiffness: observational studies and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obesity has been linked to arterial stiffness, while no consensus was reached on the association. We aimed to clarify the association of general and central obesity with arterial stiffness by combining observational studies and Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: Two cross-sectional studies were performed in UK Biobank and Fuqing Cohort, respectively.

Quantifying the relative importance of genetics and environment on the comorbidity between mental and cardiometabolic disorders using 17 million Scandinavians.

Mental disorders are leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide, partly due to high comorbidity with cardiometabolic disorders. Reasons for this comorbidity are still poorly understood. We leverage nation-wide health records and near-complete genealogies of Denmark and Sweden (n = 17 million) to reveal the genetic and environmental contributions underlying the observed comorbidity between six mental disorders and 15 cardiometabolic disorders.

Mechanical properties of municipal solid waste under different stress paths: Effects of plastic content and particle gradation.

Plastics within municipal solid waste (MSW) are non-degradable. As MSW continues to degrade, the relative content of plastics rises, and particle gradation may also change. Moreover, throughout the landfilling process, MSW is subjected to various stress conditions, potentially influencing its mechanical properties.

The role of peripheral white blood cell counts in the association between central adiposity and glycemic status.

Aims: Although central adiposity is a well-known risk factor for diabetes, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the potential mediation role of circulating WBC counts in the association between central adiposity and the risk of diabetes.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Fuqing cohort study, which included 6,613 participants aged 35-75 years.

Occurrence and Distribution of spp. in Fields Rotated with Sweetpotato and Host Range of a North Carolina Population of .

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs, spp.) are some of the most economically important and common plant parasitic nematodes in North Carolina (NC) cropping systems. Soil samples collected from fields planted with crops rotated with sweetpotato ( [L.

Differential age-specific associations of LDL cholesterol and body mass index with coronary heart disease.

Background And Aims: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and body mass index (BMI) are not always correlated and their relationship is probably dependent on age, indicating differential age-specific associations of these factors with health outcomes. We aim to discriminate the roles of LDLc and BMI in coronary heart disease (CHD) across different age groups.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 368,274 participants aged 38-73 years and free of CHD at baseline.

The ratio of systolic and diastolic pressure is associated with carotid and femoral atherosclerosis.

Background: Although the impact of hypertension on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaques has been well established, its association with femoral IMT and plaques has not been extensively examined. In addition, the role of the ratio of systolic and diastolic pressure (SDR) in the subclinical atherosclerosis (AS) risk remains unknown. We assessed the relationship between SDR and carotid and femoral AS in a general population.

Quantifying the Relative Importance of Genetics and Environment on the Comorbidity between Mental- and Cardiometabolic Disorders: A Comprehensive Analysis of National Register Data from 17 million Scandinavians.

Mental disorders (MDs) are leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide, partly due to high comorbidity with cardiometabolic disorders (CMDs). Reasons for this comorbidity are still poorly understood. We leverage nation-wide health records and complete genealogies of Denmark and Sweden (n=17 million) to reveal the genetic and environmental contributions underlying the observed comorbidity between six MDs and 14 CMDs.