Exploration of anatomical distribution of brain metastasis from breast cancer at first diagnosis assisted by artificial intelligence.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the spatial distribution of brain metastases (BMs) from breast cancer (BC) and to identify the high-risk sub-structures in BMs that are involved at first diagnosis.

Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were retrospectively reviewed at our centre. The brain was divided into eight regions according to its anatomy and function, and the volume of each region was calculated.

Diffusion-Weighted MRI-Based Virtual Elastography and Shear-Wave Elastography for the Assessment of Breast Lesions.

Background: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-based virtual MR elastography (DWI-vMRE) in the assessment of breast lesions is still in the research stage.

Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of elasticity values on DWI-vMRE in the evaluation of breast lesions, and the correlation with the values calculated from shear-wave elastography (SWE).

Study Type: Prospective.

Anti-HER2 therapy response assessment for guiding treatment (de-)escalation in early HER2-positive breast cancer using a novel deep learning radiomics model.

Objectives: Anti-HER2 targeted therapy significantly reduces risk of relapse in HER2 + breast cancer. New measures are needed for a precise risk stratification to guide (de-)escalation of anti-HER2 strategy.

Methods: A total of 726 HER2 + cases who received no/single/dual anti-HER2 targeted therapies were split into three respective cohorts.

Whole-tumor histogram analysis of multiparametric breast magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate pure mucinous breast carcinomas from fibroadenomas with high-signal intensity on T2WI.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of whole-tumor histogram analysis based on multiparametric MRI in distinguishing pure mucinous breast carcinomas (PMBCs) from fibroadenomas (FAs) with strong high-signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging (T2-SHi).

Material And Methods: The study included 20 patients (mean age, 55.80 ± 15.

Pancreatic index: A prognostic factor of upfront surgery for body or tail pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with vascular involvement-A retrospective study.

Background: The pancreatic index (PI) is a useful preoperative imaging predictor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this retrospective study, we determined the predictive effect of PI to distinguish patients of pancreatic body/tail cancer (PBTC) with vascular involvement who can benefit from upfront surgery.

Method: All patients who received distal pancreatectomy for PDAC from 2016 to 2020 at the Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were considered for the study.

A deep-learning radiomics-based lymph node metastasis predictive model for pancreatic cancer: a diagnostic study.

Objectives: Preoperative lymph node (LN) status is essential in formulating the treatment strategy among pancreatic cancer patients. However, it is still challenging to evaluate the preoperative LN status precisely now.

Methods: A multivariate model was established based on the multiview-guided two-stream convolution network (MTCN) radiomics algorithms, which focused on primary tumor and peri-tumor features.

Multimodality MRI radiomics analysis of TP53 mutations in triple negative breast cancer.

Objectives: To explore the value of T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) radiomics features reflecting TP53 mutations in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Study Design: This retrospective study enrolled 91 patients with TNBC with TP53 testing (64 patients in the training cohort and 27 patients in the validation cohort). A total of 2832 radiomics features were extracted from the first phase of dynamic contrast-enhanced T1WI, T2WI and ADC maps.

Whole-tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) analyses of breast lesions based on simultaneous multi-slice readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of simultaneous multi-slice readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging (SMS rs-EPI DWI), compared with readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging (NOSMS rs-EPI DWI), in discriminating between benign and malignant breast lesions.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated breast lesions from 185 consecutive patients who had undergone preoperative breast MRI. The NOSMS rs-EPI DWI and the prototype SMS rs-EPI DWI sequences were performed on a 1.

A Novel Nomogram for Predicting Prognosis and Tailoring Local Therapy Decision for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ after Breast Conserving Surgery.

Purpose: We sought to explore the role of nomogram-combined biomarkers, mammographic microcalcification and inflammatory hematologic markers in guiding local therapy decisions in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) subgroups with different ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR) risk. Methods: Between January 2009 and December 2018, consecutive patients with DCIS and breast conserving surgery (BCS) were enrolled and randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 181) and internally validation cohort (n = 78). Multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of IBTR.

Image quality and whole-lesion histogram and texture analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging of breast MRI based on advanced ZOOMit and simultaneous multislice readout-segmented echo-planar imaging.

Objectives: To investigate the image quality and diagnostic capability a of whole-lesion histogram and texture analysis of advanced ZOOMit (A-ZOOMit) and simultaneous multislice readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (SMS-RS-EPI) to differentiate benign from malignant breast lesions.

Study Design: From February 2020 to October 2020, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using SMS-RS-EPI and A-ZOOMit were performed on 167 patients. Three breast radiologists independently ranked the image datasets.

Impact of the transection plan on postoperative pancreatic fistulas occurring after robot-assisted distal pancreatectomy for nonmalignant pancreatic neoplasms.

Objectives: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the main complication of distal pancreatectomy (DP) and affects the prognosis of patients. The impact of several clinical factors mentioned in recent studies on POPF remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a remnant pancreas and other perioperative factors on POPFs occurring after robot-assisted distal pancreatectomy (RDP) for nonmalignant pancreatic neoplasms.

The value of whole-tumor histogram and texture analysis based on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for the discrimination of breast fibroepithelial lesions: corresponds to clinical management decisions.

Purpose: This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative parameters extracted from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in distinguishing fibroepithelial tumors using whole-tumor histogram and texture analysis.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 66 female patients with single phyllodes tumor (PT) and 29 female patients with single fibroadenoma (FA) who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. By independently performing whole-tumor histogram and texture analysis based on ADC maps, two radiologists extracted seven histogram parameters and four texture parameters.

TP53 Mutation Estimation Based on MRI Radiomics Analysis for Breast Cancer.

Background: Noninvasive detection of TP53 mutations is useful for the molecular stratification of breast cancer.

Purpose: To explore MRI radiomics features reflecting TP53 mutations in breast cancer and propose a classifier for detecting such mutations.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Clinical significance of pancreatic calcifications: a 15-year single-center observational study.

Objectives: Pancreatic calcifications (PC) are considered specific for chronic pancreatitis (CP), but PC may also be present in non-CP diseases. The aims are to understand the pattern of calcifications in different diseases and to determine they were related to malignant diseases.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed including patients with PC or CP undergoing surgery in the Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital from January 2003 to June 2018.

Is simultaneous multi-slice readout-segmented echo-planar imaging valuable for predicting molecular subtypes of breast cancer?

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of simultaneous multi-slice readout-segmented diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (SMS rs-EPI DWI) in predicting invasive breast cancer molecular subtypes using whole-tumor histogram and texture analyses.

Methods: In our retrospective study, 125 patients (mean age, 52.81 ± 12.

Downgrade BI-RADS 4A Patients Using Nomogram Based on Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Ultrasound, and Mammography.

Objectives: To downgrade BI-RADS 4A patients by constructing a nomogram using R software.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,717 patients were retrospectively analyzed who underwent preoperative ultrasound, mammography, and magnetic resonance examinations in our hospital from August 2019 to September 2020, and a total of 458 patients of category BI-RADS 4A (mean age, 47 years; range 18-84 years; all women) were included. Multivariable logistic regression was used to screen out the independent influencing parameters that affect the benign and malignant tumors, and the nomogram was constructed by R language to downgrade BI-RADS 4A patients to eligible category.

A Combined Nomogram Model to Predict Disease-free Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

To investigate whether the radiomics signature (Rad-score) of DCE-MRI images obtained in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is associated with disease-free survival (DFS). Develop and validate an intuitive nomogram based on radiomics signatures, MRI findings, and clinicopathological variables to predict DFS. Patients ( = 150) from two hospitals who received NAC from August 2011 to May 2017 were diagnosed with TNBC by pathological biopsy, and follow-up through May 2020 was retrospectively analysed.

Radiomics-based machine learning analysis and characterization of breast lesions with multiparametric diffusion-weighted MR.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of radiomics-based machine learning analysis with multiparametric DWI and to compare the diagnostic performance of radiomics features and mean diffusion metrics in the characterization of breast lesions.

Methods: This retrospective study included 542 lesions from February 2018 to November 2018. One hundred radiomics features were computed from mono-exponential (ME), biexponential (BE), stretched exponential (SE), and diffusion-kurtosis imaging (DKI).

Role of breast MRI in predicting histologic upgrade risks in high-risk breast lesions: A review.

Purpose: This article reviews the frequency, upgrade rate and valuable imaging characteristics for predicting the histologic upgrade risks of high-risk lesions on MRI, so as to provide a reference for the management of the lesions.

Methods: A comprehensive search for relevant publications from January 2011 to January 2021 was conducted in the PubMed database. The frequency, upgrade rate and valuable imaging characteristics for predicting the upgrade risks of high-risk lesions on MRI included in the articles were reviewed, and the management of high-risk lesions was provided with a reference according to the review results.

Differentiation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Hepatic Hemangioma and Focal Nodular Hyperplasia using Computed Tomographic Spectral Imaging.

Background And Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic malignancy. This study was designed to investigate the value of computed tomography (CT) spectral imaging in differentiating HCC from hepatic hemangioma (HH) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH).

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 51 patients who underwent spectral multiple-phase CT at 40-140 keV during the arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PP).

The Necessity of Dissection of No. 14 Lymph Nodes to Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Based on the Embryonic Development of the Head of the Pancreas.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) followed by lymphadenectomy is performed for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) located in the head of the pancreas. Because the head of the pancreas could be divided into dorsal or ventral primordium in relation to embryonic development, the metastasis of lymph node (LN) may differ. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the impact of extended or standard LN dissection for PDAC located in ventral or dorsal primordia of the pancreatic head.

High-Resolution Breast MRI Reconstruction Using a Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network.

Background: A generative adversarial network could be used for high-resolution (HR) medical image synthesis with reduced scan time.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of using a deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) for generating HR and HR images based on their corresponding low-resolution (LR) images (LR and LR ).

Study Type: This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively acquired cohort.

Assessment of Malignancy Potential in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas on MDCT.

Rationale And Objective: To assess the malignancy potential of intraduct papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) on multidetector-row computerized tomography according to the 2012 International Consensus Guidelines (ICG).

Materials And Methods: This study retrospectively collected IPMNs confirmed by surgery from 2016 to 2019. The imaging findings of IPMNs were analyzed.

Whole-lesion histogram and texture analyses of breast lesions on inline quantitative DCE mapping with CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE.

Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic capability of whole-lesion (WL) histogram and texture analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI inline-generated quantitative parametric maps using CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE (CDTV) to differentiate malignant from benign breast lesions and breast cancer subtypes.

Materials And Methods: From February 2018 to November 2018, DCE MRI using CDTV was performed on 211 patients. The inline-generated parametric maps included K, k, V, and IAUGC.

Diffusion tensor imaging of microstructural alterations in the trigeminal nerve due to neurovascular contact/compression.

Background: Several recent studies have focused on microstructural changes in the trigeminal nerve in trigeminal neuralgia using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). However, alterations after microvascular decompression (MVD) have rarely been investigated. Furthermore, the trigeminal nerve of asymptomatic individuals also presenting with neurovascular contact/compression (NVC) has not yet been studied.