Dynamic profiling of metabolite changes and health-promoting functions in 'yuling paste' during nine steaming and nine sun-drying processes.

Yuling paste, a traditional Chinese health food derived from longan pulp and American ginseng, undergoes a unique processing method involving nine cycles of steaming and sun-drying. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry combined with widely targeted metabolomics has been used to examine the dynamic change in metabolite profiles through the processing. A total of 758 metabolites were identified.

Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Prognostic and Immunological Role of TOMM40 to Identify Its Function in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BRCA) is currently the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that mitophagy is important for the prevention and treatment of BRCA. However, few studies have focused on the individual mitochondrial autophagy-related genes (MARG) in human cancers.

Comprehensive analysis of mitophagy-related subtypes of breast cancer and the association with immune related characteristics.

Breast cancer (BRCA) is a common neoplasm characterized by high levels of molecular heterogeneity. Previous studies have noted the importance of mitophagy for the progression and prognosis of BRCA. However, little was found in the similarity and difference of mitophagy-related gene expression patterns of BRCA.

IDO-1 impairs antitumor immunity of natural killer cells in triple-negative breast cancer via up-regulation of HLA-G.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis. As an essential enzyme in the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) has been reported to facilitate immune escape of various tumors. However, the mechanism underlying the immunosuppressive role of IDO-1 in TNBC remains largely uncharacterized.

High Level of GMFG Correlated to Poor Clinical Outcome and Promoted Cell Migration and Invasion through EMT Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a very poor prognosis due to the disease's lack of established targeted treatment options. Glia maturation factor γ (GMFG), a novel ADF/cofilin superfamily protein, has been reported to be differentially expressed in tumors, but its expression level in TNBC remains unknown. The question of whether GMFG correlates with the TNBC prognosis is also unclear.

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor TPPU Alleviates Nab-Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathic Pain via Suppressing NF-B Signalling in the Spinal Cord of a Rat.

Objective: Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a debilitating and difficult-to-treat side effect of paclitaxel. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) can rapidly metabolize the endogenous anti-inflammatory mediators' epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids. This study aimed to assess whether the sEH inhibitor N-(1-(1-oxopropy)-4-piperidinyl]-N'-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl)-urea (TPPU) plays a critical role in PIPN of rats and provides a new target for treatment.

Inhibition of NLRP3 alleviated chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment in rats.

Chemotherapy results in long-term effects on cognitive dysfunction called chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) in cancer survivors. However, little is known about the potential molecular mechanisms of CICI. This study aimed to determine the role and potential underlying mechanisms of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in cognitive impairments induced by chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in breast cancer.

High Expression of RRM1 Mediated by ncRNAs Correlates with Poor Prognosis and Tumor Immune Infiltration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of several tumors with poor prognosis and causes a significant social burden. A growing number of studies have shown that RRM1 plays a crucial role in the development and progression of multiple human cancers. However, the specific role and mechanism of RRM1 have not been fully defined in HCC.

Interaction between HLA-G and NK cell receptor KIR2DL4 orchestrates HER2-positive breast cancer resistance to trastuzumab.

Despite the successful use of the humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) in the clinical treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer, the frequently occurring drug resistance remains to be overcome. The regulatory mechanisms of trastuzumab-elicited immune response in the tumor microenvironment remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we found that the nonclassical histocompatibility antigen HLA-G desensitizes breast cancer cells to trastuzumab by binding to the natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR2DL4.

Biomechanical strength dependence on mammalian airway length.

Background: The trachea is the uppermost respiratory airway element connecting the larynx to the bronchi Airway reconstructions in humans are often developed from animal models but there is limited knowledge comparing tracheal biomechanics between species. We aimed to assess the structure and biomechanics of porcine, canine, caprine and human airways.

Methods: Tracheas from pigs (n=15), goats (n=9) and canines (n=9) were divided into three groups (4, 6 and 8-ringswhile human left principal brochi (n=12) were divided into two groups (3and-rings).

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy might be a feasible alternative for surgically resectable pathological N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: The majority of previous studies of the clinical outcome of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) versus open lobectomy for pathological N2 non-small cell lung cancer (pN2 NSCLC) have been single-center experiences with small patient numbers. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate these procedures but in a large cohort of Chinese patients with pathological N2 NSCLC in real-world conditions.

Methods: Patients who underwent lobectomy for pN2 NSCLC by either VATS or thoracotomy were retrospectively reviewed from 10 tertiary hospitals between January 2014 and September 2017.

Inhibition of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Protects against Inflammation through a Toll-like Receptor-Related Pathway after Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats.

Objective: We have previously demonstrated that inflammation induced by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2/4 exert cerebral deleterious effects after diffuse axonal injury (DAI); however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in inflammatory responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of MIF in inflammation induced by TLRs in the cortices of DAI rats.

Highly-selective detection of EGFR mutation gene in lung cancer based on surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and asymmetric PCR.

The evaluation of EGFR mutation genes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in blood sample is key for patients with lung cancer. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has potential for trace detection of DNA or RNA. The detection rate offered by current methods can not meet clinical demand.

High expression of EphA2 led to secondary injury by destruction of BBB integrity though the ROCK pathway after diffuse axonal injury.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption exacerbates diffuse axonal injury (DAI), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Inactivation or deletion of erythropoietin-producing hepatoma (EPH) receptor A2 (EphA2) attenuated BBB damage and promoted tight junction formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of EphA2 in the protection of BBB integrity and the relevant mechanisms involved in a rat model of DAI.

Utilizing Melatonin to Alleviate Side Effects of Chemotherapy: A Potentially Good Partner for Treating Cancer with Ageing.

Persistent senescence seems to exert detrimental effects fostering ageing and age-related disorders, such as cancer. Chemotherapy is one of the most valuable treatments for cancer, but its clinical application is limited due to adverse side effects. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and antiageing molecule, is nontoxic, and enhances the efficacy and reduces the side effects of chemotherapy.

The Protective Effects of Melatonin Against LPS-Induced Septic Myocardial Injury: A Potential Role of AMPK-Mediated Autophagy.

Melatonin is an indolamine secreted by the pineal gland, as well as most of the organs and tissues. In addition to regulating circadian biology, studies have confirmed the multiple pharmacological effects of melatonin. Melatonin provides a strong defense against septic myocardial injury.

Surgical outcomes of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer: a single-center experience.

Background: Increasing evidence has shown the effectiveness of surgery for stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Present study aims to summarize the experience of our institution in dealing with advanced NSCLC in the context of multimodality therapy including lung surgery.

Methods: Patients underwent surgical resection for stage IV NSCLC diagnosed before or during surgery from January 2014 to June 2017 at Tangdu Hospital were included in this study.

Aberrantly High Expression Of NOK/STYK1 Is Tightly Associated With The Activation Of The AKT/GSK3β/N-Cadherin Pathway In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: High metastasis is a leading risk factor for the survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital step of metastasis. The expression of novel oncogene with kinase domain (NOK) has been observed in some human malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the biological function of NOK in NSCLC remains unclear. In the study, we explored the function of NOK in NSCLC, with an aim to elucidate the relevant underlying mechanisms.

STYK1/NOK correlates with ferroptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Serine Threonine Tyrosine Kinase 1 (STYK1) presents oncogenic properties in many studies, and emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis serve as a novel tumor suppressor. However, the interplay between STYK1 and ferroptosis in NSCLC remains unclear. Our aim is to illustrate the expression of ferroptotic regulator Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in NSCLC and the relationship between STYK1 and ferroptosis.

Histone deacetylase 9 downregulation decreases tumor growth and promotes apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer after melatonin treatment.

Histone deacetylase 9 functions as an oncogene in a variety of cancers, but its role on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been reported. Melatonin was proven to possess anticancer actions, whereas its effect on NSCLC and underlying mechanisms remains poorly understood. In this study, 337 patients with complete clinicopathologic characteristics who underwent NSCLC surgery were recruited for the study.

Pterostilbene: Mechanisms of its action as oncostatic agent in cell models and in vivo studies.

Pterostilbene, a natural dimethylated analog of resveratrol, exerts pleiotropic anticancer effects against a variety of cancer types. Due to the better lipophilic and oral absorption, higher cellular uptake and a longer half-life than resveratrol, pterostilbene may have a good prospect in the future clinic application. In this review, we summarize the previous in vitro and in vivo studies about the anticancer actions of pterostilbene on malignances, and we also evaluate the evidence related to the effects of pterostilbene on blocking normal cell carcinogenesis.