SP1/COL1A2/ZEB1 axis promotes TGF-β2-induced lens epithelial cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT process.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery. In this study, we used transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-β2)-induced SRA01/04 cells to mimic PCO cell model and explored the functions and underlying mechanisms of specific protein 1 (SP1) in TGF-β2-induced SRA01/04 cell development. MTT assay and EdU assay were carried out to explore the proliferation of SRA01/04 cells.

Discordance of Aqueous/Plasma HIV Replication on ART.

Background: The study was conducted to analyze HIV dynamics across blood-retinal barrier (BRB) and the relevant risk factors for HIV-associated ocular complications.

Methods: This study included a case series of 40 HIV-positive patients with ocular lesions, which were studied retrospectively. Clinical and laboratory examinations included plasma and intraocular viral load (VL).

Acute aortic dissection complicated with hemorrhagic aortopulmonary artery sheath: a review of the literature.

A hemorrhagic aortopulmonary artery sheath (HAPS) is an infrequent and critical complication of aortic dissection (AD), which is caused by a hematoma extending through the ruptured aortic wall into the aortopulmonary artery sheath. The adventitial hematoma might narrow or even occlude the lumen of the pulmonary arteries and extend into the pulmonary interstitium and alveoli. The prompt and accurate recognition of HAPS on computed tomography (CT) is crucial and might assist in the diagnosis of unidentifiable AD.

Correlation between contrast-enhanced cone-beam breast computed tomography features and prognostic staging in breast cancer.

Objective: To evaluate whether contrast-enhanced cone-beam breast CT (CE-CBBCT) features can risk-stratify prognostic stage in breast cancer.

Methods: Overall, 168 biopsy-proven breast cancer patients were analysed: 115 patients in the training set underwent scanning using v. 1.

Recurrence Beyond the Milan Criteria of HBV-Related Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma of 2-3 cm: Comparison of Resection and Ablation.

Background: Comparison of patterns of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence beyond the Milan criteria (HRBM) and identification of the independent risk factors of time to recurrence beyond the Milan criteria (TRBM) after resection or ablation can develop an optimal first-line treatment and provide more opportunities and waiting time for salvage transplantation.

Methods: The patterns of HRBM after first-line resection or ablation in 384 patients with single-nodule HBV-associated HCC of 2-3 cm were retrospectively analyzed by one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) between December 2008 and December 2017. The median TRBM between the resection group and the ablation group was estimated by Kaplan-Meier curves.

Distinguishing benign and malignant lesions on contrast-enhanced breast cone-beam CT with deep learning neural architecture search.

Purpose: To utilize a neural architecture search (NAS) approach to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) method for distinguishing benign and malignant lesions on breast cone-beam CT (BCBCT).

Method: 165 patients with 114 malignant and 86 benign lesions were collected by two institutions from May 2012 to August 2014. The NAS method autonomously generated a CNN model using one institution's dataset for training (patients/lesions: 71/91) and validation (patients/lesions: 20/23).

Single-nodule hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma smaller than 3 cm: two phenotypes defined by cluster analysis and their association with the outcome of ablation as the first-line therapy.

Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease. This study aimed to identify the heterogeneity related to the prognosis of ablation in patients with single-nodule hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC ≤3 cm.

Methods: A total of 359 patients with single-nodule HBV-associated HCC ≤3 cm treated with curative thermal ablation were retrospectively investigated.

Association between islet autoantibodies and the prevalence of autoimmune uveitis.

Aim: To evaluate the predictive value of islet autoantibodies for the diagnosis of autoimmune uveitis (AU), as well as to characterize the association bet ween islet autoantibodies and AU.

Methods: Totally 97 patients with AU and 100 healthy persons without any autoimmune diseases as the control group were recruited. Multiple serum islet autoantibodies were measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (ELISA).

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Within the Milan Criteria: A Novel Inflammation-Based Nomogram System to Assess the Outcomes of Ablation.

Objectives: Few studies based on pretreatment inflammation-based scores focused on assessing the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients within the Milan Criteria after ablation. This study aimed to construct a nomogram based on a novel inflammation-based score for those patients.

Methods: A total of 635 HCC patients within the Milan Criteria after ablation meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study.

Differentiating the lung lesions using Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging: a meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: The diagnostic performance of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary tumors remained debatable among published studies. This study aimed to pool and summary the relevant results to provide more robust evidence in this issue using a meta-analysis method.

Materials And Methods: The researches regarding the differential diagnosis of lung lesions using IVIM-DWI were systemically searched in Pubmed, Embase, Web of science and Wangfang database without time limitation.

Transcatheter arterial infusion of anti-programmed cell death 1 antibody pembrolizumab combined with temozolomide or nab-paclitaxel in patient with primary anorectal malignant melanoma: Four case reports.

Primary anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM) is an extremely rare but aggressive tumor. We assessed the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial infusion (TAI) with anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab at a dosage of 100 mg with 0.9% NaCl at a volume of 100 mL administered over a 30-min period every 3 weeks, combined with temozolomide or albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) in four patients with ARMM.

Cryoablation combined with transarterial infusion of pembrolizumab (CATAP) for liver metastases of melanoma: an ambispective, proof-of-concept cohort study.

Background: The presence of liver metastasis correlates with poor therapeutic response of PD-1 blockade therapy in melanoma. A novel treatment protocol by combining cryoablation with transarterial infusion of pembrolizumab (CATAP) was proposed, and its feasibility and safety was assessed among this group of patients.

Methods: This registered ambispective cohort study enrolled fifteen melanoma patients with multiple hepatic metastases who received planned two-stage CATAP therapy: in the combined stage, subtotal cryoablation on day 1, in which one to two intrahepatic lesions were ablated completely with other lesions left untreated, sequentially combined transarterial infusion of pembrolizumab on day 3, every three weeks, for at least one cycle; in the infusion stage, arterial infusion of pembrolizumab was recommended at three-week interval until disease progression.

Development and Validation of Nomograms Predictive of Axillary Nodal Status to Guide Surgical Decision-Making in Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

: To develop and validate nomogram models using noninvasive imaging parameters with related clinical variables to predict the extent of axillary nodal involvement and stratify treatment options based on the essential cut-offs for axillary surgery according to the ACOSOG Z0011 criteria. : From May 2007 to December 2017, 1799 patients who underwent preoperative breast and axillary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were retrospectively studied. Patients with data on axillary ultrasonography (AUS) were enrolled.

Predicting underestimation of ductal carcinoma in situ: a comparison between radiomics and conventional approaches.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the feasibility of predicting invasion carcinoma from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) lesions diagnosed by preoperative core needle biopsy using radiomics signatures, clinical imaging characteristics, and breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) descriptors on mammography.

Methods: Retrospectively, we enrolled 362 DCIS patients diagnosed by core needle biopsy, 110 (30.4%) of which had invasive carcinoma confirmed by operation and pathology.

Minimization of the perianal infection rate of hematological malignancies with agranulocytosis by quality control circle activity and patient-hospital-student win-win concept.

Objective The agranulocytosis-associated perianal infection (PI) rate ranges from 60% to 100% among patients with hematopoietic malignancies. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a quality control circle (QCC) to minimize the PI rate. Methods Among 274 patients with severe immunodeficiency (agranulocytosis of ≥2 weeks) in our bone marrow transplantation center, the PI rate was 17.

[Effect of TGF-beta1 on expression of integrin beta1 following corneal alkali burns in rabbits].

Purpose: To observe the effect of TGF-beta1 applied topically to the alkali-injured rabbit eye on corneal epithelial wound healing and expression of integrin beta1 and its therapeutic action on corneal alkali burns.

Methods: Alkali burn was produced in 60 corneas from 30 rabbits. Two groups were randomly divided.