Role of primary tumor volume and metastatic lymph node volume in response to curative effect of definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Background: Studies have shown mixed results concerning the role of primary tumor volume (TV) and metastatic lymph node (NV) volume in response to the curative effect of definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC).

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of TV and NV on the efficacy of radical radiotherapy in LAHNSCC patients, with the goal of guiding individualized therapy.

Patients And Methods: Patients with LAHNSCC who received radical radiation therapy and were reexamined within 6 months post-therapy from January 2012 to December 2021 were selected.

Efficacy of PD-1 or PD-L1 Inhibitors and Central Nervous System Metastases in Advanced Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Little is known about the efficacy of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the difference in efficacy of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with and without CNS metastases.

Methods: From inception to March 2020, PubMed and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors.

Antioxidant protective effects of lactitol against endotoxemia in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.

Although antiviral drugs are widely used in the clinic, progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma cannot yet be entirely prevented. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of lactitol in chronic viral hepatitis patients with endotoxemia. Ninety-four patients with chronic viral hepatitis were separated into two groups based on plasma endotoxin levels: one group with endotoxemia (≥ 45 ng/l, n=60) and one group without endotoxemia (<45 ng/l, n=34).