Three Birds with One Stone: Triple Defect Passivation of Tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) Phosphate Enables 25.69% Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Defect passivation is widely acknowledged as a crucial strategy for enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, it remains a formidable challenge to effectively address multiple defects simultaneously on both the top and bottom surfaces of perovskite films, as well as within the bulk, through a facile method. To tackle this dilemma, we have devised a triple passivation strategy, aiming to achieve a holistic passivation of defects at the aforementioned locations using a singular passivator.