Short- and Long-Term Swallowing Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Receiving TORS and Adjuvant Therapy.

Background: Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is a common morbidity resulting from the treatment of head-and-neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) due to surgery and chemoradiation. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique for the management of HNSCC, which ideally avoids many of the known complications of open surgery. Research describing physiologic swallowing impairment after surgery using videofluoroscopy is lacking.

Epistemic trust and associations with psychopathology: Validation of the German version of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust and Credulity-Questionnaire (ETMCQ).

Epistemic trust, defined as trust in socially transmitted knowledge, is discussed as a psychopathological factor in the context of new transdiagnostic approaches for the assessment of mental disorders. The aim of this study is to test the factorial, convergent, and discriminant validity of the German version of the new Epistemic Trust, Mistrust and Credulity-Questionnaire (ETMCQ). Data were collected cross-sectionally from the German-speaking general population (N = 584) and in a second sample of clinical (n = 30) and non-clinical (n = 30) participants.

Parasternal thoracotomy via sternocostal disarticulation: a novel surgical approach to the canine thorax.

Objective: To describe the technique and outcomes of a modified paramedian thoracic approach in dogs involving a parasternal thoracotomy via rib disarticulation at the sternocostal joint.

Animals: 93 client-owned dogs.

Methods: Medical records of dogs that underwent parasternal thoracotomy at a private practice between the years 2015 and 2021 were reviewed.

Food intake and eating behaviour during a real-life Snack Scenario in childhood obesity-An experiment using a hidden camera.

Objective: To compare food intake and eating behaviour in children and adolescents with obesity (OBE) undergoing weight loss intervention and normal weight (NW) in a real-life Snack Scenario.

Methods: Sixty OBE were examined before (T0) and after weight loss (T1) and compared to a single measurement comparison group of 27 NW. Participants watched a 20-min film and were encouraged to snack from a variety of foods ad libitum.

Stewardship Prompts to Improve Antibiotic Selection for Pneumonia: The INSPIRE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Pneumonia is the most common infection requiring hospitalization and is a major reason for overuse of extended-spectrum antibiotics. Despite low risk of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection, clinical uncertainty often drives initial antibiotic selection. Strategies to limit empiric antibiotic overuse for patients with pneumonia are needed.

Stewardship Prompts to Improve Antibiotic Selection for Urinary Tract Infection: The INSPIRE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infection leading to hospitalization and is often associated with gram-negative multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Clinicians overuse extended-spectrum antibiotics although most patients are at low risk for MDRO infection. Safe strategies to limit overuse of empiric antibiotics are needed.

Corrigendum: Ultrastructural characteristics of neuronal death and white matter injury in mouse brain tissues after intracerebral hemorrhage: coexistence of ferroptosis, autophagy, and necrosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.

Investigation of Pressure Effects in the Bimetallic Transplutonium Tetrazolate Complexes [(An(pmtz)(HO))(μ-pmtz)](pmtz)·HO (An = Cm, Bk, and Cf).

Understanding the effects of pressure on actinide compounds is an integral part of safe nuclear waste storage in deep geologic repositories and provides a means of systematically altering the structure and properties. However, detailing how the effects of pressure evolve across the actinide series in the later elements is not typically undertaken because of the challenges of conducting research on these unstable isotopes. Here, a family of bimetallic actinide complexes, [(An(pmtz)(HO))(μ-pmtz)](pmtz)·HO (An = Cm, Bk, and Cf, pmtz = 5-(pyrimidyl)tetrazolate; , , and ), are reported and represent the first structurally characterized bimetallic berkelium and californium compounds.

PREVALENCE OF SARS-CoV-2 RNA AND ANTIBODY DETECTION, AND VACCINATION STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH OCULAR VASCULAR OCCLUSION.

Purpose: To analyze the annual prevalence of ocular vascular occlusion in relation to COVID-19 infection and vaccination status in a prospective study.

Methods: All patients were examined for an active severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection by RNA detection and for a previous infection by virus-specific antibody detection, and their vaccination status was documented. Data from pandemic year 2020 and previous years, before COVID-19 (2019, 2018, 2017), were retrospectively analyzed.

Recent Advances in Imported Malaria Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.

Purpose Of Review: Malaria is an important human parasitic disease affecting the population of tropical, subtropical regions as well as travelers to these areas.The purpose of this article is to provide clinicians practicing in non-endemic areas with a comprehensive overview of the recent data on microbiologic and pathophysiologic features of five parasites, clinical presentation of uncomplicated and severe cases, modern diagnostic methods, and treatment of malaria.

Recent Findings: Employment of robust surveillance programs, rapid diagnostic tests, highly active artemisinin-based therapy, and the first malaria vaccine have led to decline in malaria incidence; however, emerging drug resistance, disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and other socio-economic factors have stalled the progress.

Education on medically unexplained symptoms: a systematic review with a focus on cultural diversity and migrants.

Background: Health care providers often struggle with the management of patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), especially in case of a different ethnicity and/or cultural background. These challenges are insufficiently addressed in their training.

Objectives: A systematic review on education in the field of MUS in a diverse context to improve MUS healthcare provider-patient interaction focused on intercultural communication.

Impact of energy density on energy intake in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: The energy density (ED) of a diet can be leveraged to prevent weight gain or treat overweight and obesity. By lowering the ED of the diet, energy intake can be reduced while maintaining portion size. However, a reliable meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is missing.

A Case of Adult Epiglottitis in a Patient With Uncontrolled Diabetes and Occupational Risks.

Epiglottitis is inflammation of the epiglottis with or without the involvement of supraglottic structures including the hypopharynx. Timely diagnosis is crucial as the treatment of epiglottitis is tailored to the degree of airway obstruction. Most patients improve with conservative measures, while some require an emergent airway intervention.

Supporting families to achieve a healthy weight development for their child with overweight/obesity using the STARKIDS intervention: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity are among the most serious health challenges today. Structured weight reduction programs can be helpful to reduce severe health consequences but evidence is partly scarce. The STARKIDS program aims to improve on some of these limitations and is designed to be a structured, stepwise, digitally supported intervention program for the whole family.

Married Mothers' Bargaining Power and Their Accrual of Pension Entitlements: Evidence From East and West Germany.

This study investigates how married mothers' relative bargaining power before the birth of their first child affects their subsequent accumulation of pension entitlements in East versus West Germany. I use a novel data linkage between the German sample of the "Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe" and administrative records from the German pension insurance (SHARE-RV) to analyze monthly life-course data on married mothers from East ( = 226) and West Germany ( = 586) who were born between 1925 and 1967. Applying random effects growth curve models and mediation analyses, I find that women's relative bargaining power before parenthood is linked to their subsequent accumulation of pension entitlements in West (but not East) Germany.

A Serious Game for the Prevention of Obesity in School Children-Impact of Parent's Involvement: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Serious games convey information and use interactive components to reinforce and train behaviours. A serious game addressing nutrition, physical activity and stress coping-the Kids Obesity Prevention Program (KOP)-was previously evaluated for efficacy in children. This study aimed at evaluating the KOP-game regarding: (i) its acceptance and efficacy with respect to parents of primary school children receiving the same game intervention as the children; and (ii) whether the children could benefit by parental involvement.

Couples' Life Courses and Women's Income in Later Life: A Multichannel Sequence Analysis of Linked Lives in Germany.

We examine how the life courses of couples in East and West Germany are linked to women's income in later life using multichannel sequence analysis. By applying a couple perspective, we overcome the individualistic approach in most previous research analysing women's old-age income. Detailed monthly information on spouses' employment and earnings trajectories from age 20 to 50 for the birth cohorts 1925-1965 ( = 2020) stems from SHARE-RV, a data linkage of the administrative records of the German public pension insurance with the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).

Medical educators' experiences on medically unexplained symptoms and intercultural communication-an expert focus group study.

Background: Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are highly prevalent and remain challenging in healthcare and medical education, along with the increase in the importance of intercultural issues regarding MUS. However, less is known about the challenges of professionally addressing patients with MUS in the interprofessional and intercultural contexts. Thus, the present study aims to provide the first exploration of the experiences of medical specialists regarding treating MUS in intercultural contexts and inputs for training development on the intercultural aspects of MUS.

Predictors of Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance in Children and Adolescents With Obesity After Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention.

Objective: Predictors of body weight loss (BWL) and body weight loss maintenance (BWLM) after behavioral weight loss intervention are well-investigated in adults. Less is known for children and adolescents and a systematic overview on the topic for this age group was aim of the review.

Methods: A systematic research according to PRISMA guidelines using several databases was performed.

An Unusual Presentation of Spontaneous Rupture of Dermoid Cyst.

Intracranial dermoid cysts are exceptionally rare tumors. Interestingly, this condition has a low mortality rate but a high morbidity rate due to its numerous complications. We report a case of a 62-year-old man who presented with a headache and was found to have a ruptured dermoid cyst, complicated with the dissemination of lipid droplets within the subarachnoid space.

Epidemiology and organisation of care in medically unexplained symptoms: A systematic review with a focus on cultural diversity and migrants.

Background: Since the pathophysiology of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) remains unclear, healthcare providers often struggle with these patients, especially with a different ethnic and/or cultural background. These challenges are insufficiently addressed in their training and in the organisation of care.

Aim: To improve healthcare provider-patient interaction focused on MUS patients in general and in ethnic minorities and refugees in particular through a systematic review of syndromal definitions and epidemiology and organisation of care of MUS patients.