Circulating β-hydroxybutyrate levels are associated with major adverse clinical events in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Background And Aims: Acute myocardial infarction is associated with high mortality, and effective biomarkers are required for the risk stratification. In cardiovascular diseases, circulating levels of ketone bodies (KB) such as β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) and acetoacetate are altered. However, the relationship between circulating KB levels and major adverse clinical events (MACE) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unknown.

Gestational diabetes and future cardiovascular diseases: associations by sex-specific genetic data.

Background And Aims: Observational studies have highlighted that gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, but the causality remains unclear. Herein, the causality between genetic predisposition to gestational diabetes mellitus and the risk of cardiovascular diseases was investigated using sex-specific Mendelian randomization analysis.

Methods: Linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis and two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis were applied to infer the genetic correlation and causality, respectively.

Neutrophil N1 polarization induced by cardiomyocyte-derived extracellular vesicle miR-9-5p aggravates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Neutrophil polarization contributes to inflammation and its resolution, but the role of neutrophil polarization in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. Cardiomyocytes (CMs) participate in cardiac inflammation by secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs). Therefore, we investigated the role of neutrophil polarization in myocardial I/R injury and the mechanism by which CM-derived EVs regulated neutrophil polarization.

Designed Polar Cosolvent-Prepared Zinc Oxide Film for Efficient and Stable Inverted Organic Solar Cells.

Here, a simple method of applying dimethylformamide (DMF) as cosolvent in the sol-gel technology is used to improve the quality of ZnO bulk films. First-principles calculations show that with the addition of polar solvent DMF, the adsorption energy (E) between the solvent and Zn(OH)₂ increases from -1.42 to -1.

Evaluation of bidirectional causal association between cardiovascular diseases and pneumonia: A Mendelian randomization study.

Aims: Observational evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and pneumonia. However, the causality between CVDs and pneumonia remains undetermined. Thus, we aimed to investigate the bidirectional causality between CVDs and pneumonia using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Enhanced Desalination Performance Using Phosphate Buffer-Mediated Redox Reactions of Manganese Oxide Electrodes in a Multichannel System.

Water desalination mediated by electrochemical reactions to directly capture and release salt at electrode materials offers a low-voltage method for producing freshwater. Developing new system designs has allowed electrode materials to maximize their capacity for salt separation, especially when a multichannel system is used to introduce a separate electrode rinse solution. Here, we show that the use of an additive can provide a new strategy for improving electrode capacity and, hence desalination performance, which so far has been limited to increasing the electrolyte concentration.

Association between admission-blood-glucose-to-albumin ratio and clinical outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Introduction: It is unclear whether admission-blood-glucose-to-albumin ratio (AAR) predicts adverse clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who are treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Here, we performed a observational study to explore the predictive value of AAR on clinical outcomes.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with STEMI who underwent PCI between January 2010 and February 2020 were enrolled in the study.

Sub-second whole brain Tmapping via multiband SENSE multiple overlapping-echo detachment imaging and deep learning.

. Most quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) methods are time-consuming. Multiple overlapping-echo detachment (MOLED) imaging can achieve quantitative parametric mapping of a single slice within around one hundred milliseconds.

Positive association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and pulmonary infection in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), a parameter of relative stress-induced hyperglycemia, is an excellent predictive factor for all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, its association with pulmonary infection in patients with STEMI during hospitalization remains unclear.

Methods: Patients with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were consecutively enrolled from 2010 to 2020.

The relationship between the CUN-BAE body fatness index and incident diabetes: a longitudinal retrospective study.

Background: The Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE) index has been recommended as an ideal indicator of body fat and exhibited significant correlation with cardiometabolic risk factors. However, whether the CUN-BAE index correlates with incident diabetes in Asian populations is unknown. Therefore, this longitudinal study was designed to evaluate the association between baseline CUN-BAE index and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Electronic structure evolution induced by the charge redistribution during the construction of two-dimensional polymer networks from monomers to crystal frameworks.

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a new type of porous crystalline material constructed by the linkage of organic building units through covalent bonds to produce predetermined structures. Here, the electronic structure evolution induced by the charge redistribution during the construction of two-dimensional polymer networks (spc-COF-2 and COF-66) from building units to crystal frameworks is examined theoretically. The calculated results demonstrate that the electronic structure of the framework is controlled by the relative energy level between the frontier orbitals of organic building core and linker units as well as the charge transfer amount between them during the construction of the framework.

Elevated Serum Uric Acid/Albumin Ratio as a Predictor of Post-Contrast Acute Kidney Injury After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Background: The serum uric acid/albumin ratio (sUAR), a novel inflammatory marker, effectively predicts acute kidney injury (AKI) and cardiovascular outcomes. However, whether the sUAR predicts post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains uncertain. In this study, we evaluated the association between the sUAR and PC-AKI in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI.

Process design and techno-economic analysis of fuel ethanol production from food waste by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.

In this study, fuel ethanol production from food waste using enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation was evaluated from techno-economic viewpoint. The plant was designed with a capacity of 10 t/d food waste and a lifetime of 15-year. The total capital cost, annual operation cost and annual net profits of the plant were US$ 367,552, US$ 155,959 and US$ 74,995.

One-Pot Synthesis of Hexamethylenetetramine Coupled with H Evolution from Methanol and Ammonia by a Pt/TiO Nanophotocatalyst.

Utilization of solar energy for photocatalytic H evolution coupled with value-added chemical synthesis is a promising avenue to address energy and environmental crises. Here, we report the hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) synthesis and H evolution from methanol and ammonia in one pot using a nanophotocatalyst of the conventional semiconductor TiO (P25) loaded with Pt (Pt/P25). The addition of ammonia inhibits byproduct ethylene glycol formation, promotes H evolution, and obtains HMT with high selectivity (>99.

Asymmetric and Symmetric Redox Flow Batteries for Energy-Efficient, High-Recovery Water Desalination.

Electrochemical separation offers an energy-efficient means to desalinate brackish water, a relatively untapped but increasingly utilized water source for freshwater supply. Several electrochemical techniques are being developed to enable low-energy desalination combined with energy storage. We report a new approach that produced a peak power density of 6.

A Mild CO Etching Method To Tailor the Pore Structure of Platinum-Free Oxygen Reduction Catalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

The structural tailoring of pores is essential to high-performance Fe/N/C electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Current strategies for pore structure engineering are usually accompanied with a drastic change of the intrinsic activity-related surface, which may mask the real effects of the porous structure on ORR activity. Herein, a mild carbon dioxide (CO) etching method was used to flexibly tailor the pore structure of Fe/N/C electrocatalysts without drastic changes in their surface structure and property.

Stable and Antisintering Tungsten Carbides with Controllable Active Phase for Selective Cleavage of Aryl Ether C-O Bonds.

Transition-metal carbides are important materials in heterogeneous catalysis. It remains challenging yet attractive in nanoscience to construct the active phase of carbide catalysts in a controllable manner and keep a sintering-resistant property in redox reactions, especially hydroprocessing. In this work, an integrated strategy was presented to synthesize stable and well-defined tungsten carbide nanoparticles (NPs) by assembling the metal precursor onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs), wrapping a thin polymeric layer, and following a controlled carburization.

Selective methylation of toluene using CO and H to -xylene.

Toluene methylation with methanol to produce xylene has been widely investigated. A simultaneous side reaction of methanol-to-olefin over zeolites is hard to avoid, resulting in an unsatisfactory methylation efficiency. Here, CO and H replace methanol in toluene methylation over a class of ZnZrO -ZSM-5 (ZZO-Z5) dual-functional catalysts.

Photodeposition of Pd onto TiO nanowires for aqueous-phase selective hydrogenation of phenolics to cyclohexanones.

The selective hydrogenation of phenolics to cyclohexanones is an important process in both industrial application and utilization of fossil and renewable feedstocks. However this process remains a challenge in achieving high conversion of phenolics and high selectivity of ketones under mild reaction conditions. In this work, TiO nanowires (TNWs) are successfully synthesized by using an integrated method and the ultra-small Pd clusters were then deposited onto the TNWs by photoreduction.

Tandem Hydrogenolysis-Hydrogenation of Lignin-Derived Oxygenates over Integrated Dual Catalysts with Optimized Interoperations.

The efficient hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived oxygenates is essential but challenging owing to the inherent complexity of feedstock and the lack of effective catalytic approaches. A catalytic strategy has been developed that separates C-O hydrogenolysis and aromatic hydrogenation on different active catalysts with interoperation that can achieve high oxygen removal in lignin-derived oxygenates. The flexible use of tungsten carbide for C-O bond cleavage and a nickel catalyst with controlled particle size for arene hydrogenation enables the tunable production of cyclohexane and cyclohexanol with almost full conversion of guaiacol.

Relationship between serum irisin levels and urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: Irisin is first discovered as a potential mediator of obesity related energy homeostasis. Recent studies indicate that irisin is associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to examine the relationship between irisin and urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes.