Comparisons of integrated slice-specific dynamic shimming EPI and single-shot EPI diffusion-weighted imaging of the liver.

Purpose: To compare the quality of DWI images, signal loss of left hepatic lobe and diagnostic performance of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between SS-EPI and iShim-EPI in liver lesions.

Methods: Totally 142 patients were involved, images using SS-EPI and the prototype iShim-EPI were acquired before injection of gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI.Image quality of demarcation of liver capsule, resolution, lesion distortion, artifacts, lesion confidence score, and signal loss in left hepatic lobe was assessed by two radiologists.

Brain Anatomy in Boys with Conduct Disorder: Differences Among Aggression Subtypes.

Aggression is a core feature of conduct disorder (CD), but the motivation, execution of aggression may vary. A deeper understanding of the neural substrates of aggressive behaviours is critical for effective clinical intervention. Seventy-six Boys with CD (50 with impulsive aggression (I-CD) and 26 with premeditated aggression (P-CD)) and 69 healthy controls (HCs) underwent a structural MRI scan and behavioural assessments.

Structural abnormalities in adolescents with conduct disorder and high versus low callous unemotional traits.

There may be distinct conduct disorder (CD) etiologies and neural morphologies in adolescents with high callous unemotional (CU) traits versus low CU traits. Here, we employed surface-based morphometry methods to investigate morphological differences in adolescents diagnosed with CD [42 with high CU traits (CD-HCU) and 40 with low CU traits (CD-LCU)] and healthy controls (HCs, N = 115) in China. Whole-brain analyses revealed significantly increased cortical surface area (SA) in the left inferior temporal cortex and the right precuneus, but decreased SA in the left superior temporal cortex in the CD-LCU group, compared with the HC group.

Health Protection of CT Radiographers During the Outbreak of COVID-19: Application of Automatic Positioning Technology for Relocatable CT in the Fang Cang Hospital.

To investigate the value of automatic positioning technology in improving the protection of radiographers in the relocatable CT room of a Fang Cang hospital during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The National Emergency Medical Team of our hospital assumed command of Wuchang Fang Cang Hospital and treated confirmed COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms. Relocatable CT was used to examine patients in this hospital.

Impaired global efficiency in boys with conduct disorder and high callous unemotional traits.

Callous unemotional (CU) traits differentiate subtypes of conduct disorder (CD). It has been suggested that CU traits may be related to topographical irregularities that hinder information integration. To date, there is limited evidence of whether CU traits may be associated with abnormal brain topology.

Application value of CAIPIRINHA-VIBE with MOCO in liver magnetic resonance examination.

Objective: To compare the image quality of VIBE sequence using controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA-VIBE) and using generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA-VIBE) in liver magnetic resonance examination, and to evaluate the effect of non-rigid 3D-registration motion correction (MOCO) combined with CAIPIRINHA-VIBE on liver spatial location registration.

Methods: A total of 85 patients underwent pre-contrast GRAPPA-VIBE and CAIPIRINHA-VIBE breath-hold scan in the mask phase, and then underwent CAIPIRINHA-VIBE breath-hold scan in arterial phase, portal vein phase and delay phase after administration. After the scanning of four phases of CAIPIRINHA-VIBE completed, 3D images without and with MOCO of each phase were automatically generated.

Networks Are Associated With Depression in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Resting-State Imaging Study.

Background: Disturbance of networks was recently proposed to be associated with the occurrence of depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the neurobiological mechanism of depression underlying PD remains unclear.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate whether intra-network and inter-network brain connectivity is differently changed in PD patients with and without depression (PDD and PDND patients, respectively).

Gray Matter Changes in the Orbitofrontal-Paralimbic Cortex in Male Youths With Non-comorbid Conduct Disorder.

Conduct disorder is one of the most common developmental psychiatric disorders which is characterized by persistent aggressive and antisocial behaviors during childhood or adolescence. Previous neuroimaging studies have investigated the neural correlates underlying CD and demonstrated several constructive findings. However, Individuals with CD are at high risk for comorbidities, which might give rise to the inconsistencies of existed findings.

Altered Functional Connectivity of Striatum Based on the Integrated Connectivity Model in First-Episode Schizophrenia.

The human striatum is a heterogeneous structure involved in diverse functional domains that related to distinct striatum subregions. Striatal dysfunction was thought to be a fundamental element in schizophrenia. However, the connectivity pattern of striatum solely based on functional or structural characteristics leads to inconsistent findings in healthy adult and also schizophrenia.

[Imaging changes in brain microstructural in long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence].

To explore the mechanism for changes in brain microstructure in long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence by using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
 Methods: A total of 26 patients with long-term abstinent methamphetamine-dependence, whose abstinence time more than 14 months, and 26 normal controls all underwent cognitive executive function tests and DTI scans. We used voxel-based analysis to compare the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) to obtain the abnormal brain regions of DTI parameters between the two groups.

Effects of BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms on brain structures and behaviors in adolescents with conduct disorder.

Accumulating evidence suggests that neural abnormalities in conduct disorder (CD) may be subject to genetic influences, but few imaging studies have taken genetic variants into consideration. The Val66Met polymorphism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a high-interest genetic variant due to its importance in cortical maturation, and several studies have implicated its involvement in neurodevelopmental disorders. Thus, it is unclear how this polymorphism may influence brain anatomy and aberrant behaviors in CD.

Disrupted Topological Patterns of Large-Scale Network in Conduct Disorder.

Regional abnormalities in brain structure and function, as well as disrupted connectivity, have been found repeatedly in adolescents with conduct disorder (CD). Yet, the large-scale brain topology associated with CD is not well characterized, and little is known about the systematic neural mechanisms of CD. We employed graphic theory to investigate systematically the structural connectivity derived from cortical thickness correlation in a group of patients with CD (N = 43) and healthy controls (HCs, N = 73).

Application of diffusion tensor imaging for detecting structural changes in the brain of schizophrenic patients.

Objective: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric illness. Although magnetic resonance imaging has been widely used for detecting brain structural and functional abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia, the findings are highly inconsistent between reports. This study investigates structural changes in the brains of schizophrenic patients.

Sex differences of uncinate fasciculus structural connectivity in individuals with conduct disorder.

Conduct disorder (CD) is one of the most common behavior disorders in adolescents, such as impulsivity, aggression, and running from school. Males are more likely to develop CD than females, and two previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have demonstrated abnormal microstructural integrity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF) in boys with CD compared to a healthy control group. However, little is known about changes in the UF in females with CD.

Increased structural connectivity in corpus callosum in adolescent males with conduct disorder.

Objective: Adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) are at high risk for developing adult antisocial personality disorder. However, the underlying neuropathophysiology of CD remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that the microstructure of white matter (WM) of males with CD may differ from that of healthy control subjects (HCs).

[Lung MRI at 3T: comparison of CT and MRI in initial evaluation of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis].

Objective: To explore whether the phospholipidoproteinaceous material deposit within the alveoli by a high-field 3T MRI has signal characters and its application for diagnosing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Methods: A total of 11 patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis previously diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscope lung biopsy underwent 64-slice helical CT scans and 3T MRI scans, and the CT scans and the MRI scans were compared.

Results: The phospholipidoproteinaceous material deposit within the alveoli presented longer or equal T1 relaxation time and longer T2 relaxation time, without characters of fatty or deposits of protein-like substance signals and enhancement.

[MR subtraction in the differentiation of benign and malignant tumors].

Objective: To evaluate dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in conjunction with MR subtraction in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors at 3 Tesla.

Methods: A total of 78 patients with breast tumors enrolled in this study, including 45 malignant lesions and 33 benign lesions verified by histopathology. Dynamic MR contrast enhanced imaging was done by T1 high resolution isotropic volume excitation sequence.

[Multislice spiral computer tomography imaging characteristics of urachus lesions].

Objective: To analyze the multislice spiral computer tomography (MSCT) manifestations and its value in the diagnosis of urachus lesions.

Methods: A total of 26 patients with urachus disease diagnosed by pathological examination in our hospital between October 2007 and May 2011 were included in this study. We retrospectively analyzed MSCT images on the size, location, and shape character of the foci, and the image features of Retzius space.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy on hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

Background And Objective: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the liver in vivo is in experimental phase. MRS observation on liver cancer after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has seldom been reported. This study was to investigate the value of MRS in assessing the metabolic changes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after TACE.

[SLOT Scan imaging in teenagers with scoliosis].

Objective: To explore the improvement effect of SLOT Scan technology (narrow seam exposure capture technology) and the radiography techniques on the quality of the scoliosis X-ray films in teenagers.

Methods: The Sonialvision Safire II equipment of Shimadzu corporation and SLOT Scan were applied to take the radiography for 60 patients taller than 1.50 metres.

[Temporal bone tomography for cochlear implantation].

Objective: To discuss a new temporal bone tomography radiographic technique for the assessment of cochlear implantation and its clinic value.

Methods: Plane radiographs of both the temporal bone tomography and cochlear position tomography were taken on 10 children after cochlear implantation. The numbers of inserted electrodes of both techniques were compared.

[Detectability of rib bone lesions using dual-energy subtraction radiography].

Objective: To assess the value of dual-energy subtraction radiography (DESR) in the detection of rib bone lesions.

Methods: The images of DESR and digital radiography (DR) in 66 patients with 118 rib bone lesions were reviewed. The detectability of DESR and DR in the rib bone lesions was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) method, and their detection rates were compared in different thoracic regions such as those overlaid with the diaphragm and the mediastinum, located in the region of midaxillary line,and the rest.

[Motor cortex by real-time imaging process functional MRI during finger movements].

Objective: To explore the techniques of RTIP-fMRI scanning and the correspondence between structure and functional changes of motor cortex during self-paced finger movements by RTIP-fMRI in normal volunteers.

Methods: The 15 healthy volunteers were studied by RTIP-fMRI, and the activation tasks consisted of self-paced finger movements performed with the right and the left hands. Image postprocessing was done on the workstation by "correlation coefficient" algorithm analysis method, IAC and SPM software.