Periplaneta americana extract improves recurrent oral ulcers through regulation of TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.

Recurrent oral ulcers (ROUs) of oral mucosa disease are difficult to cure and relapse easily, and immune imLbalance or dysfunction is considered an essential factor in their occurrence and recurrence. Periplaneta americana extract (PAD), a raw material used in Kangfuxin Liquid and Yunnan Baiyao toothpaste, contains a variety of growth factors such as polypeptides and sticky sugar amino acids that promote tissue repair; this can encourage the growth of the granulation tissue and reduce inflammation on the wound surface. This study aimed to investigate the interventional potential of PAD on recurrent oral ulcers in rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action involving the TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.

A patient with penile metastasis secondary to small cell lung cancer successfully treated with PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy: a case report and literature review.

Background: Penile metastasis is an uncommon condition, with most primary malignancies originating in the abdominal cavity and pelvis. There have been very few reported cases originating from lung cancer, most of squamous cell carcinoma without small cell lung cancer.

Methods: We presented a case of penile metastasis secondary to small cell lung cancer, along with a review of relevant literature from the CNKI database.

Synergizing adaptive immunity and regenerative signals to enhance osteochondral defects repair.

In clinical practice, repairing osteochondral defects (OCDs) is challenging because of the complex cartilage/subchondral bone structure and intricate immunological microenvironment. Here, we identify the crucial role of adaptive immunity dysfunction by revealing that an increase of T helper 17 (Th17) cells exacerbated osteochondral tissue degradation via its pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the early-stage OCDs. Next, we leveraged this adaptive immunity mechanism and combined it with regenerative signals to develop a multifunctional hydrogel system capable of simultaneously tackling immune dysfunction and regenerative deficiency.

How Acid Iron Dissolution in Aged Dust Particles Responds to the Buffering Capacity of Carbonate Minerals during Asian Dust Storms.

Aerosol deposition significantly impacts ocean ecosystems by providing bioavailable iron (Fe). Acid uptake during the transport of Fe-containing particles has been shown to cause Fe dissolution. However, carbonate in dust particles affects the Fe acidification process, influencing Fe dissolution.

Electrocortical signatures of attentional bias toward subliminal and supraliminal socially negative words in social anxiety.

Background: Previous research has demonstrated that abnormal attentional bias toward social threats at different processing stages is pivotal for the development and maintenance of social anxiety. However, the temporal property and the neural indicators of this bias are still open to clarification. The present study employed event-related potential (ERP) methodology to investigate the attentional bias toward social threats at the early preconscious and later controlled processing stages, along with associated electrocortical indicators.

Molecular and Biochemical Mechanisms of Scutellum Color Variation in Adults (Diptera: Tephritidae).

(Hendel) is an invasive fruit and vegetable pest, infesting citrus, mango, carambola, etc. We observed that the posterior thoracic scutella of some adults are yellow, some light yellow, and some white in China. Compared with the races with a yellow scutellum (YS) and white scutellum (WS), the race with a light-yellow scutellum (LYS) is dominant in citrus and carambola orchards.

GmERF13 mediates salt inhibition of nodulation through interacting with GmLBD16a in soybean.

While the genetic regulation of nodule formation has been well explored, the molecular mechanisms by which abiotic stresses, such as salt stress, impede nodule formation remain largely elusive. Here, we identify four APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factors, GmERF13s, that are induced by salt stress and play key roles in salt-repressed nodulation. Loss of GmERF13 function increases nodule density, while its overexpression suppresses nodulation.

Stable and Lead-Free Perovskite Hemispherical Photodetector for Vivid Fourier Imaging.

The filterless single-pixel imaging technology is anticipated to hold tremendous competitiveness in diverse imaging applications. Nevertheless, achieving single-pixel color imaging without a filter remains a formidable challenge. Here a lead-free perovskite hemispherical photodetector is reported for filterless single-pixel color imaging.

A Soluble ProDOT-Based Polymer and Its Electrochromic Device with Yellow-to-Green Color Switching Towards Camouflage Application.

Yellow-to-green electrochromic color switching plays a key role in the intelligent adaptive camouflage under the visible light environment in future military camouflage applications. Here, we designed and synthesized a soluble electrochromic conjugated pDPTD polymer, mainly based on perylo[1,12-bcd]thiophene and the novel ProDOT groups. The pDPTD polymer displayed a yellow-to-green electrochromism with large optical contrast and fast switching times.

A computational workflow for end-to-end simulation of percutaneous absorption.

Purpose: Presented is the development of a workflow for end-to-end (e2e) in silico modelling of percutaneous absorption under a range of test conditions, integrating multiple calculation and analysis steps for in-silico simulation of dermal absorption. The aim is to achieve a digital twin that can be used by non-modelling experts to simulate transdermal permeation.

Methods: A KNIME-based toolbox is used to create the workflow for the E2E in-silico model.

High-Responsivity Self-Powered Photoelectrochemical UV Photodetector Based on Integrated Self-Supporting SiC/ZnS Heterojunction Nanowire Arrays.

In the realm of photodetector (PD) technology, photoelectrochemical (PEC) PDs have garnered attention owing to their inherent advantages. Advances in this field depend on functional nanostructured materials, which are pivotal in improving the separation and transport of photogenerated electron-hole pairs to improve device efficiency. Herein, a highly photosensitive PEC UV PD is built using integrated self-supporting SiC/ZnS heterojunction nanowire array photoelectrodes through anodization and chemical deposition.

Exploring covalent organic frameworks as high-capacity and long-cycling anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

It is essential to advance the development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) characterized by high specific capacity and extended cycle life. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as pivotal materials in achieving this objective due to their long-range ordered porous structures and ease of modification. In this work, we designed and synthesized two types of β-ketoenamine-linked COFs, namely TP-3J-COF and TP-3Q-COF, which incorporate multiple redox sites.

Gradient Distributed and Tightly Integrated Perovskite Heterojunction Constructed by Electric Field-Driven Ion Deposition for High-Performance X-ray Detection.

Perovskite heterojunctions combine the advantages of two different components but suffer difficulties in the tightness of interconnection and limitation of material selection. Here we report an electric field-driven ion deposition (EFID) strategy that controllably deposits perovskite ions on heterogeneous single crystals to form a gradient heterojunction with tight integration. The interconnection force of the gradient heterojunction by the EFID method is much better than that of the solution-grown heterojunction, which is easily decomposed.

Spectral fingerprints of DOM-tungsten interactions: Linking molecular binding to conformational changes.

Tungsten (W), a widely used yet understudied emerging contaminant, forms oxyanions in aqueous environments, distinguishing it from conventional heavy metals. While dissolved organic matter (DOM) demonstrates considerable potential for W binding, DOM-W interactions remain largely unexplored. Of particular significance, yet frequently overlooked, are the conformational changes in DOM during W binding processes.

Prostacyclin pathway vasodilators in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH): A systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Although surgical and interventional therapy has emerged as the primary treatment for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), there remains a subset of patients who need medication therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes of prostacyclin pathway vasodilators, providing further insight for clinical decision-making. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases from inception to December 2023.

Molecular characteristics of dissolved organic matter regulate the binding and migration of tungsten in porous media.

Tungsten (W) is an emerging contaminant that poses potential risks to both the environment and human health. While dissolved organic matter (DOM) can significantly influence the W's environmental behavior in natural aquifers, the mechanisms by which DOM's molecular structure and functional group diversity impact W binding and migration remain unclear. Using molecular weight-fractionated soil and sediment DOM (<1 kDa, 1-100 kDa, and 100 kDa-0.

Comparative analyses of the transcriptome among three development stages of Zeugodacus tau larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Studying differences in transcriptomes across various development stages of insects is necessary to uncover the physiological and molecular mechanism underlying development and metamorphosis. We here present the first transcriptome data generated under Illumina Hiseq platform concerning Zeugodacus tau (Walker) larvae from Nanchang, China. In total, 11,702 genes were identified from 9 transcriptome libraries of three development stages of Z.

Brain-Inspired Fast-and Slow-Update Prompt Tuning for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning.

Few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL) aims to learn new classes incrementally with a limited number of samples per class. Foundation models combined with prompt tuning showcase robust generalization and zero-shot learning (ZSL) capabilities, endowing them with potential advantages in transfer capabilities for FSCIL. However, existing prompt tuning methods excel in optimizing for stationary datasets, diverging from the inherent sequential nature in the FSCIL paradigm.

Water-Stable and Sensitive X-ray Detectors by Supramolecular Interaction-Enhanced Polyoxometalates.

Polyoxometalates (POMs) have shown prominence in the field of semiconductive materials in recent years. However, electronic applications based on these emerging materials are still in their early stages. Here, a sensitive and water-stable F-PEA-ZnW X-ray detector has been designed and constructed for hard X-ray detection and imaging.

Phenoxyacetic acid enhances nodulation symbiosis during the rapid growth stage of soybean.

Root exudates are known signaling agents that influence legume root nodulation, but the molecular mechanisms for nonflavonoid molecules remain largely unexplored. The number of soybean root nodules during the initial growth phase shows substantial discrepancies at distinct developmental junctures. Using a combination of metabolomics analyses on root exudates and nodulation experiments, we identify a pivotal role for certain root exudates during the rapid growth phase in promoting nodulation.

Oriented Alignment of CsPbBr Single-Crystal Arrays for Flexible X-ray Imaging.

The utilization of perovskite materials in flexible optoelectronics is experiencing distinct diversification including X-ray detection applications. Here, we report the oriented alignment of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr) single-crystal arrays on flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. By precisely confining the crystallization process within spatially delimited precursor droplets, we achieve a well-oriented crystal alignment through the spontaneous rotation of the CsPbBr microcuboids.

HPTRMF: Collaborative Matrix Factorization-Based Prediction Method for LncRNA-Disease Associations Using High-Order Perturbation and Flexible Trifactor Regularization.

Existing matrix factorization methods face challenges, including the cold start problem and global nonlinear data loss during similarity learning, particularly in predicting associations between long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) and diseases. To overcome these issues, we introduce HPTRMF, a matrix factorization approach incorporating high-order perturbation and flexible trifactor regularization. HPTRMF constructs a high-order correlation matrix utilizing the known association matrix, leveraging high-order perturbation to effectively address the cold start problem caused by data sparsity.

Harnessing Biomimicry for Controlled Adhesion on Material Surfaces.

Nature serves as an abundant wellspring of inspiration for crafting innovative adhesive materials. Extensive research is conducted on various complex forms of biological attachment, such as geckos, tree frogs, octopuses, and mussels. However, significant obstacles still exist in developing adhesive materials that truly replicate the behaviors and functionalities observed in living organisms.

Precise arraying of perovskite single crystals through droplet-assisted self-alignment.

Patterned arrays of perovskite single crystals can avoid signal cross-talk in optoelectronic devices, while precise crystal distribution plays a crucial role in enhancing device performance and uniformity, optimizing photoelectric characteristics, and improving optical management. Here, we report a strategy of droplet-assisted self-alignment to precisely assemble the perovskite single-crystal arrays (PSCAs). High-quality single-crystal arrays of hybrid methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr) and methylammonium lead chloride (MAPbCl), and cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr) can be precipitated under a formic acid vapor environment.