A new species of winter noctuid moth (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Xyleninae) from Zhejiang, China, with a key to species of the genus.

Background: The tribe Xylenini is one of the main large taxonomic groups known as Winter Noctuidae.

New Information: A new species of the genus Sugi, 1980, Zhang & Wang, is described and illustrated from Zhejiang Prov., China.

The causal effects of circulating cytokines on sepsis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: In observational studies, sepsis and circulating levels of cytokines have been associated with unclear causality. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify the causal direction between circulating cytokines and sepsis in a two-sample study.

Methods: An MR analysis was performed to estimate the causal effect of 41 cytokines on sepsis risk.

Chinese expert consensus on imaging diagnosis of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the major infectious diseases in the world with a high incidence rate. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a key and difficult challenge in the prevention and treatment of TB. Early, rapid, and accurate diagnosis of DR-TB is essential for selecting appropriate and personalized treatment and is an important means of reducing disease transmission and mortality.

Differences in pulmonary nodular consolidation and pulmonary cavity among drug-sensitive, rifampicin-resistant and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients: the Guangzhou computerized tomography study.

Background: Pulmonary nodular consolidation (PN) and pulmonary cavity (PC) may represent the two most promising imaging signs in differentiating multidrug-resistant (MDR)-pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) from drug-sensitive (DS)-PTB. However, there have been concerns that literature described radiological feature differences between DS-PTB and MDR-PTB were confounded by that MDR-PTB cases tend to have a longer history. This study seeks to further clarify this point.

Synthesis of FeOcore/MIL-100(Fe) shell nanocomposites for tumor chemo-ferroptosis combination therapy and MR imaging.

The application of both chemotherapy and ferrotherapy together has shown great potential in increasing the effectiveness of cancer treatment. To achieve such a combination, we herein have synthesized FeOcore/MIL-100(Fe) shell nanocomposites (FM) that can be used for tumor chemo-ferroptosis combination therapy. In these nanocomposites, the anticancer drug 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) and iron ions could be co-delivered into tumors.

Effects of external environment on promoter methylation of PIK3R5 and related pathway regulation in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis.

Background: Steroid-induced Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head (SANFH) is a condition characterized by the necrosis of the femoral head caused by long-term or high-dose hormone usage. Studies have shown that the PI3K/AKT pathway plays a crucial regulatory role in the development of SANFH. The aim of this study is to determine how external environmental factors induce changes in endogenous hormone levels, how these changes lead to steroid-induced femoral head necrosis, and the interrelationship between the changes in PIK3R5 promoter methylation levels and the regulation of the associated signaling pathways.

NIR Light-Activated and RGD-Conjugated Ultrasmall Fe/PPy Nanopolymers for Enhanced Tumor Photothermal Ferrotherapy and MR Imaging.

Iron-based nanomaterials have shown great promise for tumor ferrotherapy in recent years. However, nanoparticle-induced ferroptosis has low therapeutic efficacy owing to unsatisfactory Fenton reaction activity in a typical tumor microenvironment. In this study, NIR light-activated Fe/PPy-RGD nanopolymers were developed to combine photothermal therapy and ferrotherapy and achieve enhanced antitumor activity.

Two birds with one stone: Ratiometric sensing platform overcoming cross-interference for multiple-scenario detection and accurate discrimination of tetracycline analogs.

Environmental pollution caused by tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) is a major concern for public health worldwide. Trace detection and reliable discrimination of tetracycline and its analogs are consequently essential to determine the distribution characteristics of various tetracycline family members. Here, a dual-response sensor was constructed by integrating the fluorescence emission of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) doped SiO and Eu.

Polymorphisms and gene expression of Notch4 in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem to human health, but the pathogenesis of TB remains elusive.

Methods: To identify novel candidate genes associated with TB susceptibility, we performed a population-based case control study to genotype 41SNPs spanning 21 genes in 435 pulmonary TB patients and 375 health donors from China.

Results: We found Notch4 gene rs206018 and rs422951 polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis.

A new choice for human rabies diagnosis: A case report of metagenomics next-generation sequencing in diagnosis of human rabies.

Purpose: We report a case of human rabies diagnosed by the metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS). A 59-year-old man developed clinical rabies 20 days after he was bitten by dogs. Treatment included induction of coma initially; rabies vaccine was not administered.

Controllable synthesis of variable-sized magnetic nanocrystals self-assembled into porous nanostructures for enhanced cancer chemo-ferroptosis therapy and MR imaging.

Magnetic-based nanomaterials are promising for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we develop a self-assembled approach for the preparation of a porous magnetic nanosystem, DOX/Mn(0.25)-FeO-III NPs, which can simultaneously achieve chemotherapy, ferroptosis therapy and MRI to improve the therapeutic efficacy.

Real-Time MRI Monitoring of GelMA-Based Hydrogel-Loaded Kartogenin for Cartilage Regeneration.

The cartilage has poor ability to mount a sufficient healing response. Herein, kartogenin (KGN), an emerging stable non-protein compound with the ability to recruit bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells (BMSCs) to promote chondrogenic differentiation, was grafted onto dopamine-Fe(III) chelating nanoparticles, followed by involving a gelatin- and dextran-based injectable hydrogel to mimic the extracellular matrix to promote cartilage repair. The results demonstrated that KGN underwent long-term sustained release behavior and availably promoted the deep migration of BMSC cells in yielding hydrogels.

One-Pot Synthesis of Ag/Quaternary Ammonium Salt Co-Decorated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Synergistic Treatment of Cancer and Bacterial Infections.

Developing drug delivery nanosystems with both anticancer and antibacterial effects is of great clinical value. Herein, we report a facile approach to synthesize Ag and quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) co-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), namely, Ag/QAS-MSNs, for synergistic treatment of cancer and bacterial infections. studies demonstrated that Ag/QAS-MSNs not only had a strong antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogens but also could efficiently induce cancer cell death through an apoptotic pathway.

Dynamic tracking of p21 mRNA in living cells by sticky-flares for the visual evaluation of the tumor treatment effect.

Monitoring the expression level of the intracellular tumor suppressor gene p21 mRNA is essential to reveal the progress and prognosis of a tumor. Methods widely reported for the detection of p21 mRNA are the real-time polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot. However, these methods only detect mRNA and cannot realize the monitoring of the p21 mRNA expression level in living cells.

Analysis of the application of "psycho-cardiology" model in nursing care of acute stroke patients with depression.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of "psycho-cardiology" model in nursing care of acute stroke patients with depression.

Methods: Seventy-eight acute stroke patients with depression were selected for this prospective study, and they were divided into two groups according to the random number table method. The control group (n=39) were given usual care, and the study group (n=39) were given nursing intervention of "psycho-cardiology" model in addition to usual care.

Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of the Acylate Reaction of β-Lactamase.

Using density functional theory and a cluster approach, we study the reaction potential surface and compute Gibbs free energies for the acylate reaction of β-lactamase with penicillin G, where the solvent effect is important and taken into consideration. Two reaction paths are investigated: one is a multi-step process with a rate-limit energy barrier of 19.1 kcal/mol, which is relatively small, and the reaction can easily occur; the other is a one-step process with a barrier of 45.

MRI Enhancement and Tumor Targeted Drug Delivery Using Zn-Doped FeO Core/Mesoporous Silica Shell Nanocomposites.

Developing of multifunctional nanoplateforms for simultaneous accurate cancer detection and target therapy is essential in cancer treatment. Herein, we present a facile synthesis of DOX/MNPs-FA nanocomposites for high-performance MRI and tumor-targeted drug delivery. In such core-shell structured DOX/MNPs-FA nanocomposite, the high magnetism of iron oxide core can be tuned and achieved by controlling the Zn dopant amount, making them suitable as excellent contrasts in -weighted MR imaging.

Identification of MMP1 and MMP2 by RNA-seq analysis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most common histologic subtype of laryngeal cancer characterized by a poor prognosis. Determining gene expression changes in LSCC should improve our understanding of putative risk factors and provide potential targets for therapy.

Objectives: To assess differential gene expression between LSCC tissue and paired normal laryngeal tissue, and to provide gene targets for future studies of this type of laryngeal cancer.

Toward an Expert Level of Lung Cancer Detection and Classification Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is essential for pulmonary nodule detection in diagnosing lung cancer. As deep learning algorithms have recently been regarded as a promising technique in medical fields, we attempt to integrate a well-trained deep learning algorithm to detect and classify pulmonary nodules derived from clinical CT images.

Materials And Methods: Open-source data sets and multicenter data sets have been used in this study.

Ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm and compartment syndrome formation after snake bite to the left forearm.

Objective: To report the outcome of a patient who developed pseudoaneurysms and compartment syndrome after a Deinagkistrodon acutus snakebite.

Case Report: A 61-year-old man, bitten by Deinagkistrodon acutus in his left forearm, came to the hospital eight hours after the bite. Despite the use of antivenom and supportive therapy, the patient developed compartment syndrome of the left forearm, the tissue pressure was elevated and fasciotomy was arranged.

Effects of altered CXCL12/CXCR4 axis on BMP2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix axis and osteogenic gene expressions during osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.

This study investigated the effects of altered CXCL12/CXCR4 axis on the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)/Smad/runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2)/Osterix (Osx) signal axis and osteogenic gene expression during osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to gain understanding of the link between migration and osteogenic differentiation signal axis and MSCs osteogenic differentiation mechanisms. The pHBAd-MCMV- CXCL12-GFP vector (Ad-CXCL12) was constructed and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)/western blotting used to determine CXCL12 expression in Ad-CXCL12-transfected MSCs. MSCs were treated with Ad-CXCL12 and AMD3100 (CXCL12 inhibitor) to detect BMP-2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix expression, bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) mRNA expression, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.

Potential mechanisms underlying the Runx2 induced osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) belong a type of pluripotent stem cells and can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts (OB). Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is an osteogenesis specific transcription factor and plays an important role in osteogenesis of BM-MSCs. It can promote the expression of osteogenesis related genes, regulate cell cycle progression, improve bone microenvironment and affect functions of chondrocytes and osteoclasts, which have involvement of a large amount of signal molecules including TGF-β, BMP, Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog, FGF and microRNA.

[The effects of different mechanical ventilation flow model on the peak airway pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation].

Objective: To observe the method of mechanical ventilation in the chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to explore the influence of the flow pattern selection of square-wave and decelerating-wave on airway pressure of patients.

Methods: A prospective self-pairing study was conducted. Forty patients undergoing CPR admitted to Department of Emergency of Lishui City Central Hospital from January 2011 to February 2013 were enrolled.

Development and characterization of amphotericin B nanosuspensions for oral administration through a simple top-down method.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is regarded as a life-saving drug in treating severe systemic fungal infections. However, the poor solubility and permeability limits its oral administration. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate AmB nanosuspensions in enhancing its solubility for the oral application.