Involvement of activated astrocyte and microglia of locus coeruleus in cardiac pain processing after acute cardiac injury.

Objective: It is still not known whether the glial cell activation of locus coeruleus (LC) is involved in the neurophysiologic mechanism of the acute phase of heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the glial cell activation of LC responds to acute cardiac injury (ACI).

Methods: In this study, ACI was established by intramyocardial injection of formalin.