Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in acute-on-chronic liver failure: prevalence, characteristics, and impact on prognosis.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGH) is a life-threatening complication in patients with cirrhosis; however, data regarding the role of UGH in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) are limited.

Methods: A prospective, observational cohort study was performed from February 2014 to Mach 2015.

Results: UGH was identified in 170 of 492 cirrhotic patients with acute decompensation (AD) at the time of admission.

Pneumonia in patients with cirrhosis: risk factors associated with mortality and predictive value of prognostic models.

Background: Cirrhosis always goes with profound immunity compromise, and makes those patients easily be the target of pneumonia. Cirrhotic patients with pneumonia have a dramatically increased mortality. To recognize the risk factors of mortality and to optimize stratification are critical for improving survival rate.

No significant risk of secondary prostatic cancer in a patient with prostatic malakoplakia after a four-year follow-up.

Malakoplakia is a rare granulomatous inflammatory condition, which is usually mistaken as malignant because prostatic malakoplakia can cause the formation of a prostatic mass and thickening of the bladder wall. The diagnosis of malakoplakia requires a histopathologic examination and is strongly supported by the presence of Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. It has been reported that malakoplakia of the prostate (prostatic malakoplakia) may be accompanied by a tumor.

Bacterial Infection and Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Disease-Associated Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure.

Objective: To date, few studies are available on autoimmune liver disease-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). The aim of this study is to investigate bacterial infection and predictors of mortality in these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively studied patients with autoimmune liver disease from August 2012 to August 2017.

Community- or Healthcare-Associated Bacterial Infections Increase Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis.

Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the specific role of different types of bacterial infections (BIs) on the prognosis of cirrhotic patients with acute decompensation (AD).

Methods: We performed a prospective, observational cohort study consisting of 492 cirrhotic patients with AD at our center from February 2014 to March 2015. Clinical, laboratory and survival data were collected.

Nocardiosis in ectopic ACTH syndrome: A case report and review of 11 cases from the literature.

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome (EAS) associated with nocardiosis is rare, and little information is available regarding its clinical characteristics. In this study, the case of a 35-year-old male patient who showed significant cushingoid features and had a cough with yellow phlegm for 1 month is described. Pulmonary computed tomography (CT) scanning and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with CT identified two different lesions in the mediastinum and pulmonary region, respectively.

Decreased IL-17 during treatment of sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis due to increased regulatory T cells and IL-10.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that IL-17 plays an important role in initial immune response and is involved in both immune-mediated protection and pathology following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). However, the alterations and regulation of plasma IL-17 level during TB treatment remain unclear.

Herpesvirus infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients seropositive for human cytomegalovirus before transplantation.

Background: Viral infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The effect of herpesvirus infections in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-seropositive (IgG-positive/IgM-negative) HSCT recipients remains poorly understood. The risk factors associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), HCMV, and human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) infections after HSCT, both alone and in combination, were investigated in this study.

Well-differentiated angiosarcoma of spleen: a teaching case mimicking hemagioma and cytogenetic analysis with array comparative genomic hybridization.

Primary splenic angiosarcoma is extremely rare but aggressive malignant vascular neoplasm. Here, we report a case of vascular tumor in spleen that was initially misinterpreted as hemangioma. Two years after splenectomy, the patient admitted again with aggravated abdomen pain and severe anemia.

Eighteen cases of liver injury following ingestion of Polygonum multiflorum.

Objectives: Polygonum multiflorum is a popular Chinese herbal medication. In this case series, we report on 18 otherwise healthy non-viral hepatitis patients who developed liver dysfunction following consumption of P. multiflorum alone.

[The study on high-resolution HLA and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) viremia in bone marrow transplantation recipients].

Objective: To study the correlation between high-resolution HLA-A * 1101, HLA-A * 0201, HLA-A * 2402, HLA-B * 4001, HLA-DRB1 * 0901 with HCMV pp65 antigenemia after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in China.

Methods: 48 recipients doing BMT during 2009. 2-2010.

Prospective study of posttransplant polyomavirus infection in renal transplant recipients.

Objectives: The BK virus is the most common pathogen in renal transplant recipients. Limited information is available regarding JC virus or Simian virus infections in renal transplant recipients. This prospective study sought to investigate the rate of BK virus, JC virus, and Simian virus 40 infections and their influence on allograft function in the early stages after surgery.

Clinical significance of C-reactive protein values in antibiotic treatment for pyogenic liver abscess.

Aim: To investigate the clinical significance of C-reactive protein (CRP) values in determining the endpoint of antibiotic treatment for liver abscess after drainage.

Methods: The endpoints of antibiotic treatment in 46 patients with pyogenic liver abscess after complete percutaneous drainage were assessed by performing a retrospective study. After complete percutaneous drainage, normal CRP values were considered as the endpoint in 18 patients (experimental group), and normal body temperature for at least 2 wk were considered as the endpoints in the other 28 patients (control group).

Impact of human leukocyte antigen matching on hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is an effective therapy for end-stage hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Recurrence of HBV is one of the frequent complications. In the present study, we investigated whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching influences the incidence of HBV recurrence, and the time point of HBV recurrence after LT.

Detection of human leukocyte antigen compatibility and antibodies in liver transplantation in China.

Background: The exact roles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility, HLA antibodies and underlying diseases in acute rejection of liver transplants are not clear. Moreover, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, one of the most common infections after transplantation, is related to HLA genotype and the incidence of acute rejection.

Methods: Since there are controversial reports, we analyzed the impact of HLA matching, HLA antibodies and underlying diseases in 38 liver transplant recipients in China, and assessed the association of CMV infection and HLA compatibility.

[Association of post transplantation diabetes mellitus to active human cytomegalovirus infection and preoperative hepatitis B virus infection: analysis of 75 cases].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of post transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) to active human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and to preoperative hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection respectively.

Methods: The clinical data of 75 patients with liver transplantation was collected to analyze the association of PTDM with active HCMV infection and preoperative HBV infection.

Results: The incidence of PTDM was 17.

Association of cytomegalovirus infection with human leukocyte antigen genotypes in recipients after allogeneic liver transplantation.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the important cause affecting the survival rate and function of the transplanted organ after transplantation. The occurrence of CMV infection after liver transplantation (LT) is associated with many factors. Lots of studies suggest that genetic mutation between hosts and CMV may play a role in the occurrence and development of CMV infection.

Cytomegalovirus infection in liver transplant recipients.

Objective: To explore cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in recipients of liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: 30 recipients of LT were screened for the appearance of CMV infection by using ELISA to test anti-CMV-Ab from serum samples and using immunohistochemistry method to test CMV antigen expression and nested-PCR to amplify CMV-DNA from blood samples.

Results: Four of 243 samples taken from 30 recipients came out positive of anti-CMV IgG and anti-CMV IgM with a positive rate of 100% and 1.

Cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B sequence variation in Chinese liver transplant recipients.

Objective: To investigate human cytomegalovirus infection and genetic variations in glycoprotein B (gB) in liver transplant recipients in south-east China.

Methods: EDTA-blood samples were obtained from 21 liver transplant recipients. The semi-nested PCR was used to amplify a region of high sequence variability in the gB gene of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) followed by direct sequence analysis.