P46Shc Inhibits Mitochondrial ACAA2 Thiolase, Exacerbating Mitochondrial Injury and Inflammation in Aging Livers.

Mitochondrial maladaptation and dysfunction contribute to the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). The authors recently implicated the induction of Shc in progressive MASH during aging and the cytoplasmic p52Shc isoform in the activation of redox enzyme NOX2. The mitochondrial Shc isoform p46Shc was shown to repress acetyl-coenzyme A acyltransferase 2 (ACAA2) in vitro.

Sex modifies association between dietary sodium intake and cardiovascular disease mortality among US adult with hypertension: a national population-based cohort.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between dietary sodium intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in hypertensive American adults.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to examine the association between dietary sodium intake, as estimated by a single 24-h dietary recall from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2012), and mortality data obtained from the National Death Index.

Results: This study included 12,236 adults with hypertension, with 837 CVD-related deaths identified over a median follow-up period of 10.

Harnessing Natural Language Processing and High-Dimensional Clinical Notes to Detect Goals-of-Care and Surrogate-Designation Conversations.

Advance care planning, involving goals-of-care and surrogate-designation conversations, is crucial for patient-centered care. However, determining the optimal timing and participants for these conversations remains challenging. This study explored the frequency, timing, and predictors of documenting two advance care planning elements, goals-of-care and surrogate-designation conversations, in clinical notes for patients with advanced illness.

Extracellular matrix protein 1 binds to connective tissue growth factor against liver fibrosis and ductular reaction.

Background: Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) can inhibit TGFβ activation, but its antifibrotic action remains largely unknown. This study aims to investigate ECM1 function and its physical interaction with the profibrotic connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in fibrosis and ductular reaction (DR).

Methods: Ecm1 knockouts or animals that ectopically expressed this gene were subjected to induction of liver fibrosis and DR by feeding 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) or α-naphthyl-isothiocyanate (ANIT).

ECM1 attenuates hepatic fibrosis by interfering with mediators of latent TGF-β1 activation.

Objective: Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) serves as a gatekeeper of hepatic fibrosis by maintaining transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in its latent form. ECM1 knockout (KO) causes latent (L) TGF-β1 activation, resulting in hepatic fibrosis with rapid mortality. In chronic liver disease (CLD), ECM1 decreases with increasing CLD severity.

Decoupling analysis of economic development and human well-being: A case study of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China.

Clarifying the relationship between economic development and human well-being is conducive to promoting high-quality economic development. This study focused on 16 prefecture-level cities in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau region. The critic weighting method assessed the 2007-2018 human well-being index (HWI).

Brain markers of subtraction and multiplication skills in childhood: task-based functional connectivity and individualized structural similarity.

Arithmetic, a high-order cognitive ability, show marked individual difference over development. Despite recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques have enabled the identification of brain markers for individual differences in high-order cognitive abilities, it remains largely unknown about the brain markers for arithmetic. This study used a data-driven connectome-based prediction model to identify brain markers of arithmetic skills from arithmetic-state functional connectivity and individualized structural similarity in 132 children aged 8 to 15 years.

Using real-world electronic health record data to predict the development of 12 cancer-related symptoms in the context of multimorbidity.

Objective: This study uses electronic health record (EHR) data to predict 12 common cancer symptoms, assessing the efficacy of machine learning (ML) models in identifying symptom influencers.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed EHR data of 8156 adults diagnosed with cancer who underwent cancer treatment from 2017 to 2020. Structured and unstructured EHR data were sourced from the Enterprise Data Warehouse for Research at the University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics.

Natural Language Processing Accurately Differentiates Cancer Symptom Information in Electronic Health Record Narratives.

Purpose: Identifying cancer symptoms in electronic health record (EHR) narratives is feasible with natural language processing (NLP). However, more efficient NLP systems are needed to detect various symptoms and distinguish observed symptoms from negated symptoms and medication-related side effects. We evaluated the accuracy of NLP in (1) detecting 14 symptom groups (ie, pain, fatigue, swelling, depressed mood, anxiety, nausea/vomiting, pruritus, headache, shortness of breath, constipation, numbness/tingling, decreased appetite, impaired memory, disturbed sleep) and (2) distinguishing observed symptoms in EHR narratives among patients with cancer.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease and diabetes: Matrix remodeling, fibrosis, and therapeutic implications.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) and steatohepatitis (MASH) are becoming the most common causes of chronic liver disease in the United States and worldwide due to the obesity and diabetes epidemics. It is estimated that by 2030 close to 100 million people might be affected and patients with type 2 diabetes are especially at high risk. Twenty to 30% of patients with MASLD can progress to MASH, which is characterized by steatosis, necroinflammation, hepatocyte ballooning, and in advanced cases, fibrosis progressing to cirrhosis.

The Association Between Late Gadolinium Enhancement by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Ventricular Arrhythmia in Patients With Mitral Valve Prolapse: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Malignant ventricular arrhythmia (VA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) have been reported in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP); however, effective risk stratification methods are still lacking. Myocardial fibrosis is thought to play an important role in the development of VA; however, observational studies have produced contradictory findings regarding the relationship between VA and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in MVP patients. The aim of this meta-analysis and systematic review of observational studies was to investigate the association between left ventricular LGE and VA in patients with MVP.

Symptom-BERT: Enhancing Cancer Symptom Detection in EHR Clinical Notes.

Context: Extracting cancer symptom documentation allows clinicians to develop highly individualized symptom prediction algorithms to deliver symptom management care. Leveraging advanced language models to detect symptom data in clinical narratives can significantly enhance this process.

Objective: This study uses a pretrained large language model to detect and extract cancer symptoms in clinical notes.

Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Symptoms in People With Cancer: Systematic Review.

Background: People with cancer frequently experience severe and distressing symptoms associated with cancer and its treatments. Predicting symptoms in patients with cancer continues to be a significant challenge for both clinicians and researchers. The rapid evolution of machine learning (ML) highlights the need for a current systematic review to improve cancer symptom prediction.

Stress hyperglycemia is associated with poor outcome in critically ill patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Background And Objective: Stress hyperglycemia is common in critically ill patients and is associated with poor prognosis. Whether this association exists in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients is unknown. The present cohort study investigated the association of stress hyperglycemia with 90-day all-cause mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with PH.

Associations of total homocysteine and kidney function with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in hypertensive patients: a mediation and joint analysis.

Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and kidney function are both associated with mortality risk, but the degree to which kidney function modifies the impact of tHcy on mortality remains unknown. This prospective cohort study included a total of 14,225 hypertensive adults. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze the separate and combined association of tHcy and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Salvianolic acid B attenuates liver fibrosis by targeting Ecm1 and inhibiting hepatocyte ferroptosis.

Hepatocyte ferroptosis promotes the pathogenesis and progression of liver fibrosis. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) exerts antifibrotic effects. However, the pharmacological mechanism and target has not yet been fully elucidated.

A comparison of the effects of NOAC and VKA therapy on the incidence of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients are more susceptible to dementia, but the results about the effect of oral anticoagulants (OACs) on the risk of dementia are not consistent. We hypothesize that OAC is associated with a reduced risk of dementia with AF and that nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) are superior to vitamin K antagonists (VKA). Four databases were systematically searched until July 1, 2022.

Glycemic variability and in-hospital death of critically ill patients and the role of ventricular arrhythmias.

Background: Abnormal glycemic variability is common in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with increased in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events, but little is known about whether adverse outcomes are partly mediated by ventricular arrhythmias (VA). We aimed to explore the association between glycemic variability and VA in the ICU and whether VA related to glycemic variability mediate the increased risk of in-hospital death.

Methods: We extracted all measurements of blood glucose during the ICU stay from The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database version 2.

Effects of walnut/ compound planting on growth, fruit yield, quality of and soil properties.

Walnut and are important arbor and shrub fruit trees cultivated in the southwest mountainous area of China. Furthermore, those two species are compound cultivated in this area. In this study, we investigated the growth, yield, fruit quality, photosynthesis, and soil fertility of in a 7-year typical 'Qianhe 7'/ 'Guinong 5' compound planting pattern in Guizhou.

Effect of Digitalis on ICD or CRT-D Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Digitalis has been widely utilized for heart failure therapy and several studies have demonstrated an association of digitalis and adverse outcome events in patients receiving implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT-Ds). Hence, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess the effect of digitalis on ICD or CRT-D recipients.

Methods: We systematically retrieved relevant studies using the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase database.

HTR2A agonists play a therapeutic role by restricting ILC2 activation in papain-induced lung inflammation.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a category of heterogeneous cells that produce the cytokines IL-5 and IL-13, which mediate the type 2 immune response. However, specific drug targets on lung ILC2s have rarely been reported. Previous studies have shown that type 2 cytokines, such as IL-5 and IL-13, are related to depression.

Mental toll on working women during the COVID-19 pandemic: An exploratory study using Reddit data.

COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented surge in unemployment associated with increased anxiety, stress, and loneliness impacting the well-being of various groups of people (based on gender and age). Given the increased unemployment rate, this study intends to understand if the different dimensions of well-being change across age and gender. By quantifying sentiment, stress, and loneliness with natural language processing tools and one-way, between-group multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) using Reddit data, we assessed the differences in well-being characteristics for age groups and gender.

The Association of Proton Pump Inhibitors and QT Interval Prolongation in Critically Ill Patients.

Introduction: Drug-induced QT interval prolongation has been reported to be related to life-threatening polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (torsade de pointes). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are prescribed widely for hospitalized patients; the QT interval prolongation and torsade de pointes caused by PPIs were reported. We conducted a study to determine the association between PPI treatment and QT interval prolongation in critically ill patients.

Shc Is Implicated in Calreticulin-Mediated Sterile Inflammation in Alcoholic Hepatitis.

Background & Aims: Src homology and collagen (Shc) proteins are major adapters to extracellular signals, however, the regulatory role of Shc isoforms in sterile inflammatory responses in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) has not been fully investigated. We hypothesized that in an isoform-specific manner Shc modulates pre-apoptotic signals, calreticulin (CRT) membrane exposure, and recruitment of inflammatory cells.

Methods: Liver biopsy samples from patients with AH vs healthy subjects were studied for Shc expression using DNA microarray data and immunohistochemistry.