Extraction Optimization, Structural Analysis, and Potential Bioactivities of a Novel Polysaccharide from .

is an important biotrophic pathogen that causes head smut disease. Polysaccharides extracted from diseased sorghum heads by exhibit significant medicinal and edible value. However, the structure and biological activities of these novel polysaccharides have not been explored.

Synthesis, magnetic properties, biotoxicity and potential mechanism of modified nano zero-valent iron for decolorization of dye wastewater.

SiO-coated nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has emerged as a fine material for the treatment of dye wastewater due to its large specific surface area, high surface activity, and strong reducibility. However, the magnetic properties based on which SiO-coated nZVI (SiO-nZVI) could effectively separate and recover from treated wastewater, and the biotoxicity analysis of degradation products of the dye wastewater treated by SiO-nZVI remain unclear. In this study, SiO-nZVI was synthesized using a modified one-step synthesis method.

Effects of Rhizophagus intraradices on soybean yield and the composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping soybean.

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important oil and economic crop in the world. However, soybean continuous cropping may lead to the decline of soybean yield and quality.

Physiological Adaptive Strategies of Oil Seed Crop Early Seedlings (Cotyledon vs. True Leaf) Under Salt and Alkali Stresses: From the Growth, Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence.

is an important energy crop and is considered as one of the most potential plants for salt-alkali soil improvement in Northeast China. Early seedling stage (such as the cotyledon expansion stage) is always a vulnerable stage but plays a vital role in plant establishment, especially under stress conditions. However, little information exists concerning the function of cotyledon and the relationship between cotyledon and true leaf in the adaptation to salt stress and alkali stress of this species.

Effects of on Root Metabolites and Rhizosphere Soil Properties to Continuously-Cropped Soybean in the Potted-Experiments.

Continuous cropping in soybean is increasingly practiced in Heilongjiang Province, leading to substantial yield reductions and quality degradation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil microorganisms that form mutualistic interactions with plant roots and can restore the plant rhizosphere microenvironment. In this study, two soybean lines (HN48 and HN66) were chosen as experimental materials, which were planted in different years of continuous cropping soybean soils and were inoculated or not with in potted-experiments.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in the rhizosphere of a continuous cropping soybean system at the seedling stage.

Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi play a crucial role in the growth of soybean; however, the planting system employed is thought to have an effect on AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere. This study was performed to explore the influence of continuous soybean cropping on the diversity of Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and to identify the dominant AM fungus during the seedling stage. Three soybean cultivars were planted under two and three years continuous cropping, respectively.

Analysis of the community compositions of rhizosphere fungi in soybeans continuous cropping fields.

We used rhizosphere soil sampled from one field during zero year and two years of continuous cropping of high-protein soybean to analyze the taxonomic community compositions of fungi during periods of high-incidence of root rot. Our objectives were to identify the dominant pathogens in order to provide a theoretical basis for the study of pathogenesis as well as control tactics for soybean root rot induced by continuous cropping. A total of 17,801 modified internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were obtained from three different soybean rhizosphere soil samples after zero year and 1 or 2 years of continuous cropping using 454 high-throughput sequencing.

Utilization of alkali-tolerant strains in fermentation of excess sludge.

This study aimed at exploring a new approach for producing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from excess sludge (ES). Two representative alkali-tolerant bacteria (HIT-01 and HIT-02) were isolated from ES, and inoculated separately or jointly into ES to investigate their effects on VFAs accumulation, soluble organic compounds concentrations, and bacterial community structure of ES under alkaline anaerobic conditions (pH 10.0).

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation and microbial community structure of excess sludge (ES) at different pHs.

This study aimed at exploring the potential of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced from excess sludge (ES) as a new cost-effective internal carbon source in wastewater treatment processes. The optimal condition for VFA accumulation and the bacterial community structure in the bio-production of VFAs from ES were investigated at different pH conditions. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was performed to characterize the bacterial community structure of ES.

Diversity of rhizosphere soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in various soybean cultivars under different continuous cropping regimes.

Recent studies have shown that continuous cropping in soybean causes substantial changes to the microbial community in rhizosphere soil. In this study, we investigated the effects of continuous cropping for various time periods on the diversity of rhizosphere soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in various soybean cultivars at the branching stage. The soybean cultivars Heinong 37 (an intermediate cultivar), Heinong 44 (a high-fat cultivar) and Heinong 48 (a high-protein cultivar) were seeded in a field and continuously cropped for two or three years.

The effect of sulfur on the composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities during the pod-setting stage of different soybean cultivars.

This study sought to investigate the effect of sulfur levels on changes in the fungal community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) at the pod-setting stage and the relationship between the amount of applied sulfur and AM fungal diversity in different soybean cultivars. The objective of the research was to determine the optimal sulfur application level for different soybean cultivars and to improve soybean yield and quality from the perspective of AM fungal diversity. Three soybean cultivars, Heinong 44, Heinong 48, and Heinong 37, were selected as study materials.