Plant Species Richness and the Root Economics Space Drive Soil Fungal Communities.

Trait-based approaches have been increasingly used to relate plants to soil microbial communities. Using the recently described root economics space as an approach to explain the structure of soil-borne fungal communities, our study in a grassland diversity experiment reveals distinct root trait strategies at the plant community level. In addition to significant effects of plant species richness, we show that the collaboration and conservation gradient are strong drivers of the composition of the different guilds of soil fungi.

The Ukrainian version of the Perceived Injustice Questionnaire: A psychometric evaluation.

Introduction: Perceived injustice is increasingly recognized as a key factor influencing mental health in war survivors. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Ukrainian translation of the Perceived Injustice Questionnaire (PIQ) among individuals directly exposed to the war in Ukraine.

Methods: 170 war-exposed Ukrainians completed the Ukrainian PIQ and measures of post-traumatic tress disorder (PCL-5), depression (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), and potentially traumatic life events (LEC-5).

Using the Multicomponent Aerosol FORmation Model (MAFOR) to Determine Improved VOC Emission Factors in Ship Plumes.

International shipping's particulate matter primary emissions have a share in global anthropogenic emissions of between 3% and 4%. Ship emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can play an important role in the formation of fine particulate matter. Using an aerosol box model for the near-plume scale, this study investigated how the changing VOC emission factor (EF) for ship engines impacts the formation of secondary PM in ship exhaust plumes that were detected during a measurement campaign.

Relationships between species richness and biomass production are context dependent in grasslands differing in land-use and seed addition.

Despite evidence from grasslands experiments suggesting that plant species loss reduces biomass production, the strength of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in managed grasslands is still debated. High land-use intensity and reduced species pools are often suggested to make relationships between biodiversity and productivity less positive or even negative, but concrete evidence is still scarce. We investigated biodiversity-productivity relationships over two years in 150 managed grasslands in Germany.

Sports despite masks: no negative effects of FFP2 face masks on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in children.

Unlabelled: Face masks were recognized as one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus in adults. These benefits were extended to children and adolescents. However, the fear of negative consequences from wearing a face mask during physical exercise led to cancellations of physical education lessons.

Artificial light at night decreases plant diversity and performance in experimental grassland communities.

Artificial light at night (ALAN) affects many areas of the world and is increasing globally. To date, there has been limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the consequences of ALAN for plant communities, as well as for the fitness of their constituent species. ALAN could be beneficial for plants as they need light as energy source, but they also need darkness for regeneration and growth.

Ecosystem consequences of invertebrate decline.

Human activities cause substantial changes in biodiversity. Despite ongoing concern about the implications of invertebrate decline, few empirical studies have examined the ecosystem consequences of invertebrate biomass loss. Here, we test the responses of six ecosystem services informed by 30 above- and belowground ecosystem variables to three levels of aboveground (i.

Myocarditis and sports in the young: data from a nationwide registry on myocarditis-"MYKKE-Sport".

Background: Myocarditis represents one of the most common causes of Sudden Cardiac Death in children. Myocardial involvement during a viral infection is believed to be higher as a consequence of intensive exertion. Recommendations for return to sports are based on cohort and case studies only.

Biomass removal promotes plant diversity after short-term de-intensification of managed grasslands.

Land-use intensification is one of the main drivers threatening biodiversity in managed grasslands. Despite multiple studies investigating the effect of different land-use components in driving changes in plant biodiversity, their effects are usually studied in isolation. Here, we establish a full factorial design crossing fertilization with a combined treatment of biomass removal, on 16 managed grasslands spanning a gradient in land-use intensity, across three regions in Germany.

Impact of premature birth on cardiopulmonary function in later life.

Unlabelled: Pulmonary function is reduced in children after preterm birth. The variety of subgroups ranges from early to late preterm births. Limitations in pulmonary function can be observed even after late preterm birth without signs of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and/or history of mechanical ventilation.

The structure of root-associated fungal communities is related to the long-term effects of plant diversity on productivity.

Root-associated fungi could play a role in determining both the positive relationship between plant diversity and productivity in experimental grasslands, and its strengthening over time. This hypothesis assumes that specialized pathogenic and mutualistic fungal communities gradually assemble over time, enhancing plant growth more in species-rich than in species-poor plots. To test this hypothesis, we used high-throughput amplicon sequencing to characterize root-associated fungal communities in experimental grasslands of 1 and 15 years of age with varying levels of plant species richness.

COPHYD (Corona Owed Physical Deficiency): The Impact of Lockdown on Cardiopulmonary Function in Paediatric Cardiology Patients.

Introduction: Due to the Corona-lockdowns the closure of sports facilities and schools has led to a decline in physical activity (PA) for months. PA is essential for maintaining cardiopulmonary function assessed by peak oxygen uptake. Since peak oxygen uptake represents the best predictor for mortality and morbidity in children with congenital heart disease the impact of lockdowns on this parameter is vital.

Fitter Fontans for future-Impact of physical exercise on cardiopulmonary function in Fontan patients.

Background: In Fontans, exercise tolerance is poorer compared to their healthy peers. Higher represents a strong predictor for mortality and morbidity in these patients. Cardiac rehabilitation programs have been shown to improve cardiopulmonary function in Fontans.

Drought-exposure history increases complementarity between plant species in response to a subsequent drought.

Growing threats from extreme climatic events and biodiversity loss have raised concerns about their interactive consequences for ecosystem functioning. Evidence suggests biodiversity can buffer ecosystem functioning during such climatic events. However, whether exposure to extreme climatic events will strengthen the biodiversity-dependent buffering effects for future generations remains elusive.

New kids on the CPET: age-appropriate outdoor cardiopulmonary exercise testing in preschoolers.

Purpose: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in preschoolers (4-6 years) represents a challenge. Most studies investigating CPET have been limited to older children (> 8 year). However, knowledge of the performance of small children is essential for evaluating their cardiorespiratory fitness.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Univentricular Patients From Birth to Follow-Up After Fontan-Predicting Lymphatic Abnormalities.

Reliable laboratory parameters identifying complications after Fontan surgery including the lymphatic abnormalities and the development of protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) are rare. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocte ratio (PLR) are inflammatory markers and have been studied to predict outcome and prognosis in various diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate NLR and PLR from birth to follow-up after Fontan and evaluate their use as prognostic parameters for single ventricle patients regarding the development of lymphatic malformations during follow-up.

Ecosystem effects of environmental extremes.

A large-scale experimental facility reveals tropical rainforest responses to drought.